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Objective To formulate the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nosocomial infection research and analysis tools.Methods Based on the questionnaire for infection process and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in medical staffs, we developed the new questionnaire by means of three procedures including refining the purpose of the questionnaire, establishing the item pool, and evaluating the content validity of the questionnaire.Results We formulated three questionnaires for 2019-nCoV releated nosocomial infection including questionnaires for staff in administrative and logistics departments, the non-infected health care staff, and non-infected staff in administrative and logistics departments. The content of the questionnaires were consistent with the research objectives. The questionnaire for COVID-19 among staff in administrative and logistics departments included two aspects of investigation before and after diagnosis, "before diagnosis" involved infection cause, plan of prevention and control, knowledge of prevention and control, and psychological symptoms, there were 16 items in total; "after diagnosis" included 5 parts, including symptoms after diagnosis, treatment after diagnosis, impact on the surrounding environment and people after infection, psychology symptoms, awareness of protection, there were 21 items in total. The questionnaire for COVID-19 among non-infected health care staff included analysis of causes of infection in work and life, relevant prevention and control behaviors, infection prevention and control knowledge and psychological response to the epidemic, there were 29 items in total; the questionnaire for COVID-19 among non-infected staff in administrative and logistics departments included same aspects as questionnaire for COVID-19 among non-infected health care staff, and also 20 items.Conclusions We developed questionnaires for 2019-nCoV releated nosocomial infection including a study on infection processes and prevention measures for COVID-19 among staff in administrative and logistics departments, a study on infection processes and prevention measures for COVID-19 among non-infected healthcare staff, and a study on infection processes and prevention measures for COVID-19 among non-infected staff in administrative and logistics departments. The reliability, validity, and practicability of these questionnaires are all acceptable.

Abstract Background Many healthcare workers were infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) early in the epidemic posing a big challenge for epidemic control. Hence, this study aims to explore perceived infection routes, influencing factors, psychosocial changes, and management procedures for COVID-19 infected healthcare workers. Methods This is a cross-sectional, single hospital-based study. We recruited all 105 confirmed COVID-19 healthcare workers in the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from February 15 to 29, 2020. All participants completed a validated questionnaire. Electronic consent was obtained from all participants. Perceived causes of infection, infection prevention, control knowledge and behaviour, psychological changes, symptoms and treatment were measured. Results Finally, 103 professional staff with COVID-19 finished the questionnaire and was included (response rate: 98.1%). Of them, 87 cases (84.5%) thought they were infected in working environment in hospital, one (1.0%) thought their infection was due to the laboratory environment, and 5 (4.9%) thought they were infected in daily life or community environment. Swab of throat collection and physical examination were the procedures perceived as most likely causing their infection by nurses and doctors respectively. Forty-three (41.8%) thought their infection was related to protective equipment, utilization of common equipment (masks and gloves). The top three first symptoms displayed before diagnosis were fever (41.8%), lethargy (33.0%) and muscle aches (30.1%). After diagnosis, 88.3% staff experienced psychological stress or emotional changes during their isolation period, only 11.7% had almost no emotional changes. Arbidol (Umifenovir; an anti-influza drug; 69.2%) was the drug most commonly used to target infection in mild and moderate symptoms. Conclusion The main perceived mode of transmission was not maintaining protection when working at a close distance and having intimate contact with infected cases. Positive psychological intervention is necessary.

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Objective: Our aim was to explore the presumed infection routes and psychological impact of COVID-19 on staff in administrative and logistics departments (ALDs).Methods: We gathered data from all 18 staff members with COVID-19 in ALDs in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China. The baseline, job before diagnosis, presumed infection environment, use of protective equipment, and psychological status before and after diagnosis were collected and analyzed. A total of 18 uninfected staff members working alongside them in the same environment and 18 random matched infected doctors and nurses formed two control groups; the psychological impact of these three groups was then compared.Results: Of the 18 members of staff, 88.89% were infected due to the working environment (hospital), and nine had face-to-face conversations with doctors and nurses in their daily work. Many staff members did not take any protective measures in their routine work. Before they were diagnosed, 12 staff members were aware of the seriousness of the epidemic, and most of the staff maintained a neutral attitude to the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 77.78% of the staff experienced psychological stress or emotional changes after diagnosis, which were mainly caused by family health and disease related issues. Most of them managed their emotions by self-control and video calls with their families. There was no significant difference in psychological impact among the three groups, but uninfected staff members were fully aware of the seriousness of the epidemic.Conclusions: Effective protective measures should be taken for staff members in ALDs. Psychological interventions are very important to help infected staff members in ALDs cope with psychological distress.