1. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Immunogenicity in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer Receiving Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy.
- Author
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Lau DK, Aresu M, Planche T, Tran A, Lazaro-Alcausi R, Duncan J, Kidd S, Cromarty S, Begum R, Rana I, Li S, Suwaidan AA, Monahan I, Clark DJ, Eckersley N, Staines HM, Groppelli E, Krishna S, Mayora-Neto M, Temperton N, Fribbens C, Watkins D, Starling N, Chau I, Cunningham D, and Rao S
- Subjects
- Humans, Antibodies, BNT162 Vaccine, Prospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms drug therapy, Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Abstract
Introduction: Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers have an increased risk of serious complications and death from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The immunogenicity of vaccines in patients with GI cancers receiving anti-cancer therapies is unclear. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in a cohort of GI cancer patients receiving chemotherapy following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination., Materials and Methods: Between September 2020 and April 2021, patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy were enrolled. At baseline (day 0), days 28, 56, and 84, we assessed serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S) and anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NP) and concomitantly assessed virus neutralization using a pseudovirus neutralization assay. Patients received either the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, or the Oxford/AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 vaccine., Results: All 152 patients enrolled had a prior diagnosis of cancer; colorectal (n = 80, 52.6%), oesophagogastric (n = 38, 25.0%), and hepato pancreatic biliary (n = 22, 12.5%). Nearly all were receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy (99.3%). Of the 51 patients who did not receive a vaccination prior to, or during the study, 5 patients had detectable anti-NP antibodies. Ninety-nine patients received at least one dose of vaccine prior to, or during the study. Within 19 days following the first dose of vaccine, 30.0% had anti-S detected in serum which increased to 70.2% at days 20-39. In the 19 days following a second dose, anti-S positivity was 84.2% (32/38). However, pseudovirus neutralization titers (pVNT80) decreased from days 20 to 39., Conclusion: Despite the immunosuppressive effects of chemotherapy, 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are able to elicit a protective immune response in patients' ongoing treatment for gastrointestinal cancers. Decreases in pseudoviral neutralization were observed after 20-39 days, re-affirming the current recommendation for vaccine booster doses., Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT04427280., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press.)
- Published
- 2023
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