1. Comparable antibody levels in heterologous and homologous mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, with superior neutralizing and IgA antibody responses in mRNA homologous boosting.
- Author
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Younes S, Nicolai E, Younes N, Pieri M, Bernardini S, Nizamuddin PB, Al-Sadeq DW, Daas HI, Ismail A, Yassine HM, Abu-Raddad LJ, and Nasrallah GK
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Vaccination methods, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus genetics, mRNA Vaccines immunology, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 immunology, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 administration & dosage, Aged, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Immunoglobulin A immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Antibodies, Viral blood, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, Immunization, Secondary methods, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Immunoglobulin G blood, Immunoglobulin G immunology
- Abstract
Background: Priming with two doses of AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca; ChAd) followed by a third mRNA vaccine boosting is considered in several countries, yet comparisons between heterologous and homologous booster efficacy remain unexplored., Aim: To evaluate and contrast the immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous boosting regimens., Method: The study examined antibody responses in 1113 subjects, comprising 895 vaccine-naïve individuals across different vaccination strategies (partial, primary series, heterologous booster, homologous booster) and 218 unvaccinated, naturally infected individuals. Assessments included neutralizing total antibodies (NTAbs), total antibodies (TAbs), anti-S-RBD IgG, and anti-S1 IgA levels., Results: The study found mRNA vaccines to exhibit superior immunogenicity in primary series vaccination compared to ChAd, with mRNA-1273 significantly enhancing NTAbs, TAbs, anti-S-RBD IgG, and anti-S1 IgA levels (p < 0.001). Both booster types improved antibody levels beyond primary outcomes, with no significant difference in TAbs and anti-S-RBD IgG levels between regimens. However, homologous mRNA boosters significantly outperformed heterologous boosters in enhancing NTAbs and anti-S1 IgA levels, with the BNT/BNT/BNT regimen yielding particularly higher enhancements (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: The study concludes that although TAbs and anti-S-RBD IgG antibody levels are similar for both regimens, homologous mRNA boosting outperform heterologous regimen by enhancing anti-S1 IgA and neutralizing antibody levels., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: We would like to declare that all Mindray kits used in this paper were provided as in-kind support for GKN lab., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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