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Your search keyword '"Adane F. Wogu"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Adane F. Wogu" Topic covid-19
2 results on '"Adane F. Wogu"'

1. Association between treatment failure and hospitalization after receipt of neutralizing monoclonal antibody treatment for COVID-19 outpatients

Author

David J. Douin, Adane F. Wogu, Laurel E. Beaty, Nichole E. Carlson, Tellen D. Bennett, Neil R. Aggarwal, David A. Mayer, Toan C. Ong, Seth Russell, Jeffrey Steele, Jennifer L. Peers, Kyle C. Molina, Matthew K. Wynia, and Adit A. Ginde

Subjects
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Monoclonal antibodies, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are highly effective in reducing hospitalization and mortality among early symptomatic COVID-19 patients in clinical trials and real-world data. While resistance to some mAbs has since emerged among new variants, characteristics associated with treatment failure of mAbs remain unknown. Methods This multicenter, observational cohort study included patients with COVID-19 who received mAb treatment between November 20, 2020, and December 9, 2021. We utilized electronic health records from a statewide health system plus state-level vaccine and mortality data. The primary outcome was mAb treatment failure, defined as hospitalization or death within 28 days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Results COVID-19 mAb was administered to 7406 patients. Hospitalization within 28 days of positive SARS-CoV-2 test occurred in 258 (3.5%) of all patients who received mAb treatment. Ten patients (0.1%) died within 28 days, and all but one were hospitalized prior to death. Characteristics associated with treatment failure included having two or more comorbidities excluding obesity and immunocompromised status (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.52–5.56), lack of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (OR 2.73, 95% CI 2.01–3.77), non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.20–3.82), obesity (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.36–2.34), one comorbidity (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.11–2.57), age ≥ 65 years (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13–2.35), and male sex (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.21–2.02). Immunocompromised status (none, mild, or moderate/severe), pandemic phase, and type of mAb received were not associated with treatment failure (all p > 0.05). Conclusions Comorbidities, lack of prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, obesity, age ≥ 65 years, and male sex are associated with treatment failure of mAbs.

Published
2022
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2. Real-World Evidence of the Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Sotrovimab for Preventing Hospitalization and Mortality in COVID-19 Outpatients

Author

Neil R Aggarwal, Laurel E Beaty, Tellen D Bennett, Nichole E Carlson, Christopher B Davis, Bethany M Kwan, David A Mayer, Toan C Ong, Seth Russell, Jeffrey Steele, Adane F Wogu, Matthew K Wynia, Richard D Zane, and Adit A Ginde

Subjects
Adult, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, SARS-CoV-2, Outpatients, Major Article, Humans, COVID-19, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Immunology and Allergy, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Article
Abstract

Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are authorized for early symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Whether mAbs are effective against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, among vaccinated patients, or for prevention of mortality remains unknown.To evaluate the effectiveness of mAb treatment in preventing progression to severe disease during the Delta phase of the pandemic and based on key baseline risk factors.Observational cohort study of non-hospitalized adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from November 2020-October 2021, using electronic health records from a statewide health system plus state-level vaccine and mortality data. Using propensity matching, we selected approximately 2.5 patients not receiving mAbs for each patient who received mAbs.Neutralizing mAb treatment under emergency use authorization.The primary outcome was 28-day hospitalization; secondary outcomes included mortality and severity of hospitalization.Of 36,077 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2,675 receiving mAbs were matched to 6,677 not receiving mAbs. Compared to mAb-untreated patients, mAb-treated patients had lower all-cause hospitalization (4.0% vs 7.7%; adjusted OR 0.48, 95%CI 0.38-0.60) and all-cause mortality (0.1% vs. 0.9%; adjusted OR 0.11, 95%CI 0.03-0.29) to day 28; differences persisted to day 90. Among hospitalized patients, mAb-treated patients had shorter hospital length of stay (5.8 vs. 8.5 days) and lower risk of mechanical ventilation (4.6% vs. 16.6%). Relative effectiveness was similar in preventing hospitalizations during the Delta variant phase (adjusted OR 0.35, 95%CI 0.25-0.50) and across subgroups. Lower number-needed-to-treat (NNT) to prevent hospitalization were observed for subgroups with higher baseline risk of hospitalization (e.g., multiple comorbidities (NNT=17) and not fully vaccinated (NNT=24) vs. no comorbidities (NNT=88) and fully vaccinated (NNT=81).Real-world evidence demonstrated mAb effectiveness in reducing hospitalization among COVID-19 outpatients, including during the Delta variant phase, and conferred an overall 89% reduction in 28-day mortality. Early outpatient treatment with mAbs should be prioritized, especially for individuals with highest risk for hospitalization.

Published
2022

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