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Statistical tools such as analysis of variance, correlation, path coefficient analysis, Scott-Knott test and principal component analysis were used in the present study to characterize black pepper verities/hybrids for spike and berry traits. ANOVA indicated that fifteen traits under study were statistically significant. Traits like fresh pericarp weight and dry pericarp weight showed high positive correlation (>0.95) with spike weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that berry weight and seed size are contributing directly to spike weight. Scott-Knott test identified Panniyur-1 and Nedumchola as the most contrasting genotypes for most number of traits studied. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), first three principal components had an eigen value above unity and explained 88 per cent of cumulative variation. Principal component PC-1 accounted for maximum variation of about 42.4 percent which discriminated the genotypes based on fresh berry weight, dry seed weight and fresh pericarp weight. These traits serve as the selection criteria for improvement of yield in black pepper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eighty two germplasm accessions of black pepper aggregated from pepper cultivating tracts of Karnataka, Kerala, Goa and Maharashtra were characterized for 17 quantitative traits as per the IPGRI descriptors during 2018-19 at the field gene bank of ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Experimental Farm, Kozhikode. Wide range and high coefficient of variation (CV) were recorded for dry berry weight, fresh berry weight and number of spikes vine-1 whereas, lower CV was observed for berry size. Fresh berry weight showed significant positive correlation with dry berry weight followed by number of spikes vine-1 whereas, number of immature berries spike-1 and berry size showed significant negative association with setting percentage. High positive direct effect of fresh berry weight on dry berry weight was observed during path analysis. Both fresh rachis weight and number of spikes vine-1 had indirect positive effects on dry berry weight through fresh berry weight. Residual effect was meagre suggesting that the 17 quantitative traits explained 99% variability. Traits like number of spikes vine-1 and fresh berry weight are the important traits that need to be augmented during improvement of black pepper for yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beneficial effects of F2 bi-parental (BIP) mating have been amply demonstrated in several self-pollinated crops. To explore such beneficial effects in Dolichos bean, a highly popular grain legume vegetable and self-pollinated crop in southern Karnataka, an investigation was carried out to assess the impact of inter se mating in F2 population derived from HA 4 (a high yielding photoperiod in-sensitive determinate type released variety) × GL 37 (a photoperiod sensitive in-determinate type germplasm accession) on nine quantitative traits inter-relationship and frequency of transgressive segregants. Significant shift in correlation coefficient of fresh pod yield plant-1 with racemes plant-1 from -0.33 (in F3 progenies) to 0.19 (in BIP F3 progenies) suggested the possibility of increasing the number of racemes plant-1 without penalty in fresh pod yield plant-1 through selection. The frequency of individuals that surpassed higher scoring parent for days toflowering, racemes plant-1, fresh pods node-1, fresh pod yield plant-1 and 100-fresh seed weight was higher from BIP F3 than those from F3 progenies. The results suggested better prospects of deriving superior pure-lines with desired traits/combination of traits from inter-mated population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]