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Im Rahmen des Beitrags wird eruiert, wie Lehrkräfte während der Coronapandemie soziales Lernen in seiner formellen und informellen Ausprägung förderten. Hierzu gehört auch, zu erfassen, ob sie und, wenn ja, wie sie methodisch-didaktisch Peerbeziehungen zwischen den Schüler*innen unterstützten. Hierzu wurden qualitativ-vertiefende Interviews mit Klassenlehrkräften der Sekundarstufe I geführt, die zu ihrer Einschätzung der Wichtigkeit des sozialen Lernens und der Peerbeziehungen im Schulkontext insgesamt sowie zu den wahrgenommenen Veränderungen sozialen Erlebens und Verhaltens der Schüler*innen während des Distanzlernens und nach der Rückkehr in den Präsenzunterricht befragt wurden. Zudem wurde im Rahmen der Studie untersucht, ob und, wenn ja, wie Lehrkräfte didaktisch-methodisch während der Zeit der Pandemie unter den Bedingungen des Szenarios C (Homeschooling) und der anschließenden Rückkehr in den Präsenzunterricht in Szenario A bzw. B (unterschiedlich abgestufte Hygienemaßnahmen) soziales Lernen bei Schüler*innen förderten und Unterstützung boten, um deren freundschaftliche Beziehungen untereinander zu pflegen. Als besonders bedeutsam erwies sich hierbei, einen sozialen Rahmen zu finden, um auch weiterhin die Klasse als sozialen Raum erfahrbar zu machen. Hierzu gehörte etwa, gemeinsam in den Schultag zu starten und diesen auch digital gemeinsam zu beenden. Ebenfalls wurden verschiedene soziale Spiele und Challenges eingesetzt, um jenseits des fachlichen Lernens Impulse zu bieten. Aber auch fachliches Lernen kann als kooperatives Lernen etwa in digitalen Einzelbreakout-Räumen angeboten werden, um die Interaktion in Kleingruppen zu stärken. Die Rolle der strukturellen Möglichkeiten der Schule fließt hierbei ebenfalls ein. Als wie zentral die Schulleitung den sozialen Aspekt wahrnimmt, wirkt stark auf das Vorgehen der Einzellehrkraft zurück.

Für das Bundesland Tirol wurden im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie mehrfach besondere Maßnahmen von Bundes- und Landesseite erlassen. Im März 2020 wurden die österreichweit ersten Maßnahmen in Tirol gesetzt; als wenig später bundesweite Beschränkungen verhängt wurden, waren diese in Tirol strenger formuliert. Rund ein Jahr nach Beginn der Ausbreitung von COVID-19 in Österreich wurde Tirol erneut gesondert behandelt, indem für fast den gesamten Teil des Landesgebiets eine Ausreisetestpflicht festgelegt wurde. All diesen Maßnahmen ist gemein, dass sie selbst sowie deren Rechtsgrundlagen bei näherer Betrachtung einige verfassungsrechtliche Fragen und potenzielle Probleme aufweisen. Nicht zuletzt befasste sich auch der VfGH mit einigen dieser Tiroler Maßnahmen und stellte deren Gesetzwidrigkeit fest. Wenngleich sich eine derartig klare Aussage nicht für alle der behandelten Maßnahmen treffen lässt, so werfen diese doch Fragen auf, die es zu untersuchen gilt.

Omenirea se confruntă, după o sută de ani, cu o nouă pandemie, infecţia cu virusul SARS-CoV-2. Stabilirea unui protocol terapeutic şi managementul paraclinic al infecţiei reprezintă marile provocări ale momentului pentru cadrele medicale din întreaga lume. Lucrarea încearcă să etapizeze metodele de diagnostic şi investigaţiile paraclinice, stabilind corespondenţa în timp între investigaţii şi modificările de laborator şi radiologice. Stabilirea diagnosticului pozitiv al infecţiei cu SARS-CoV-2 se face utilizând patru metode de testare: metoda moleculară RT-PCR, testarea serologică prin chemiluminiscenţă şi prin metoda ELISA, teste rapide pentru determinarea anticorpilor de tip IgM şi IgG. Investigaţiile de laborator nu sunt specifice bolii, însă studiile au indicat faptul că limfopenia apare la 83% dintre pacienţii pediatrici internaţi în spital şi confirmaţi cu infecţie cu SARS-CoV-2. Imagistica nu este recomandată în scop diagnostic sau screening la pacientul cu suspiciune COVID – valoarea predictivă a RT-PCR este de 10 ori mai mare decât a CT pulmonar.

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Perhaps after attempting the telemedicine-based simulation training, students could review a high-level example of a pre-recorded patient-doctor consultation discussing the same patient, which would serve as a good reference for students. Keywords: medical education; COVID-19; coronavirus; pandemic; online teaching; ärztliche Ausbildung; Coronavirus; Pandemie; Online-Unterricht EN medical education COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic online teaching DE ärztliche Ausbildung Coronavirus Pandemie Online-Unterricht 1 4 4 11/25/21 20211201 NES 211201 Letter to the editor Dear Editor, I read with interest the article by Harendza et al., which reviews the use of telemedicine-based training as a learning tool for medical students whose education has been negatively impacted by the COVID pandemic [1]. [Extracted from the article]

Medical education, COVID-19, coronavirus, pandemic, online teaching Keywords: medical education; COVID-19; coronavirus; pandemic; online teaching; Medizinische Ausbildung; Coronavirus; Pandemie; Online Lehre EN medical education COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic online teaching DE Medizinische Ausbildung Coronavirus Pandemie Online Lehre 1 4 4 11/25/21 20211201 NES 211201 Authors' reply Dear Mister Majeed, thank you for your interest in our project and your appreciation that we provide our training of medical competences to final-year medical students in a telemedicine format since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic [1]. Da wir festgestellt haben, dass sich die Bewertungen der ComCare-Skala durch die simulierten Patient*innen von der internen und externen Patient*innenperspektive unterscheiden [7], planen wir weitere Lernmöglichkeiten für die Trainingsteilnehmenden, bei denen sie ihre eigenen Konsultationsvideos ansehen und persönliches Feedback von den simulierten Patient*innen und Oberärzt*innen erhalten können. [Extracted from the article]

Résumé: Plus d'un tiers de l'humanité est actuellement soumis à des mesures de confinement du fait de la pandémie de coronavirus. Le confinement a été instauré dans de nombreux pays pour plusieurs semaines. Les autorités sanitaires sont sur le pied de guerre face à un virus encore mystérieux et pour lequel ils sont amenés à en informer la population tout en étant confronté à beaucoup d'inconnues concernant la Covid-19. Dès lors, qu'en est-il de la santé mentale ? Que peut engendrer une situation de confinement auprès de la population à placer en quarantaine ? Quel impact psychologique ce confinement va-t-il avoir sur nos aînés hébergés en maisons de repos et de soins en Belgique ou en Ehpad en France ? Actuellement, nous n'avons pas encore connaissance d'articles francophones déjà publiés sur les aspects médico-psychologiques liés au coronavirus auprès de la population. Nous allons tenter, au travers de cet article, d'aborder la question médico-psychologique du personnel soignant au sein des maisons de repos et de soins et l'impact psychologique des résidents. More than a third of humanity is currently under containment due to the coronavirus pandemic. Containment has been in place in many countries for several weeks. Health authorities are on the warpath against a still mysterious virus and for which they are brought to inform the population while being confronted with many unknowns concerning the Covid-19. So what about mental health? What can generate a situation of containment with the population in quarantine? What psychological impact will this confinement have on our elderly people who are accommodated in rest and care homes in Belgium or in Ehpad in France? Currently, we are not yet aware of French-language articles already published in the medical-psychological aspects related to the coronavirus among the population. We will try, through this article, to approach the medico-psychological question of the nursing staff within the nursing homes and the psychological impact of the residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Fear and grief caused by the pandemic have produced a powerful unconscious narrative in the collective psyche that the coronavirus is driven by an innately evil, and possibly divine, force. The resulting archetypal dimension of fear causes an extra layer of psychological suffering in individuals. This paper discusses how and why this narrative was created and why it is so compelling by looking at 1) the myth-making nature of the human psyche, 2) the psychodynamics of fear that drive the narrative, 3) the properties of the coronavirus and the pandemic that activate negative poles of some archetypes, in particular, archetypes of evil, and 4) asking how analytical psychology can help ease psychological suffering caused by these negative narratives, where one possibility is to invoke the transcendent function. The author's personal experiences as both biochemist and analytical psychologist elucidate how the transcendent function can promote healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estilos da Clínica is the property of FEUSP - Faculdade de Educacao da USP - Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Dieser Artikel diskutiert in drei Teilen die Beziehungen des Städtischen und der Stadtforschung zum Thema Infektionskrankheiten am aktuellen Beispiel der Coronaviruspandemie. Meine Überlegungen beginnen mit der Periode vor der Pandemie, behandeln die Stadt(-forschung und -praxis) während der Pandemie und führen schließlich über den – derzeit noch hypothetischen – Punkt hinaus, an dem die Covid-19-Krise überwunden sein wird. Dabei wird argumentiert, dass die Bedrohung einer entstehenden Infektionskrankheit für das städtische Leben sowie die Wechselbeziehungen von extensiver Verstädterung und solchen Krankheiten lange bekannt waren, dass Covid-19 in den sich rasch entwickelnden räumlichen, sozialen und institutionellen Peripherien des Städtischen verheerende Folgen hat und dass der Neuanfang nach Covid-19 im Lichte eines „demokratischen Moments“ möglicher sozialer Veränderung gesehen werden muss.

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Introduction: Like all countries in the world, Cameroon has known since the advent of the pandemic linked to Covid-19, a drop in the use of health services. Aim: to study the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on surgical activities. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study from March 1 to April 30, 2020, conducted in three faith-based hospitals of the Presbyterian Church (EPC) in Cameroon. It included all records of patients admitted for surgery during the period of 1st March to 30th April of the last three years 2018, 2019 and 2020. A comparative analysis of surgical activities was evaluated between the three periods. Results: During our study 1851 surgical activities were recorded. The rates of completion of surgical procedures were: 83.33% in P1, 85.29% in P2 and 16.21% in P3 for general and oncology surgery. In pediatric surgery, these rates were: 80.35% in P1, 75% in P2 and 7.69% in P3. Gynecological surgery had the following completion rates: 78.07% in P1, 82.14% in P2 and 11.11% in P3. In all areas of surgery there was a significant decrease in the rate of completion of planned surgical activities, which was 68.1% in General and Oncology Surgery, 69.98% in Pediatric Surgery and 68.99% in Gynecological Surgery respectively. Conclusion: Awareness of Covid-19 is necessary to reduce the psychosis of the populations attending surgical services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La pandémie due à la COVID-19 a impacté l'accessibilité à la psychothérapie pour des patients particulièrement vulnérables pendant la période de confinement. Nous présentons les adaptations d'un programme de thérapie comportementale dialectique et les conséquences du confinement sur le vécu de patients souffrant d'un trouble de personnalité borderline. Nous avons, pour sept patients, comparé deux périodes de huit semaines, avant et pendant le confinement. Nous avons analysé leurs cartes journalières (n = 426) et le recensement hebdomadaire de la fréquence de leurs comportements problèmes (n = 69). L'analyse des cartes journalières indique que la période de confinement prédit une diminution significative des sentiments de peur, de honte ou culpabilité et de tension mais une augmentation de la détresse. Le suivi hebdomadaire montre une diminution significative des comportements hyperphagiques. Malgré le petit nombre de patients inclus, cette étude se base sur des échantillonnages d'expérience au quotidien et des mesures hebdomadaires. Ces deux types de mesures répétées indiquent certaines améliorations pendant le confinement, attestant des capacités d'adaptation de ces patients, soutenus par un cadre thérapeutique intensif qui a été maintenu. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the accessibility of psychotherapy for particularly vulnerable patients during the period of confinement in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. We had to adapt our usual therapeutic programs. We illustrate this approach in an outpatient program of dialectical behavioral therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder. Each week the individual therapies took place by videoconference or phone. The skills training group was held individually by videoconference or phone and was supported by an online skills training program. Patients filled out their diary cards online. Intersession contact with the therapist remained available as usual and we could organize team consultation. The aim of this study is to describe how a sample of our patients experienced the period of confinement. We compared the experiences of seven patients suffering from borderline personality disorder during two periods: eight weeks prior to confinement, and during the eight weeks of confinement. We analyzed their daily diary cards (n = 426) and their weekly frequency of problem behaviors (n = 69). We performed multilevel analyses to take into account the hierarchical structure of the data and the autocorrelation of observations. The seven patients were predominantly female (85.7 %) and had an average age of 35.1 (11.5) years. Measurements prior to the start of the pandemic indicated on average severe depression (Beck Depression Inventory, m = 30.9 [10.0]) and marked hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale, m = 15.0 [5.0]). Analysis of the daily diary cards indicated that the confinement period significantly predicted a decrease in feelings of shame or guilt, fear and tension. At the same time, however, there was an increase in distress. Weekly monitoring of problem behaviors showed a decrease in binge-eating behaviors and a trend towards a decrease in alcohol consumption during confinement. Despite the small number of patients included, two types of repeated measurements indicated convergent results, with some improvements during confinement: a decrease of the feelings of fear, shame or guilt, and tension, and a decrease of the frequency of binge-eating behaviors. The decreased pace of daily social and professional life may explain these improvements. The diminution of the above-mentioned feelings as triggers for addictive and compulsive behaviors may also account for the improvements regarding binge-eating. However, they also experienced an increased distress that may reflect the loneliness experienced during this period. The pre-pandemic development of computerized tools that were already familiar to patients greatly facilitated the necessary adaptations to maintain an intensive therapeutic setting during the confinement. This may partly explain why these patients were able to adjust the challenges of this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present article poses the question, whether the novel coronavirus-pandemic is a blessing in disguise, in so far as it offers humanity the opportunity to reflect on its place in relation to nature, as well as on its future. This question is answered affirmatively, in light of scientific evidence that human economic practices are responsible for the emergence of the coronavirus. Specifically, the destruction of natural habitats by humans, who destroy rain forests to make way for soya and palm tree plantations, as well as for cattle farming, places tremendous stress on animals like bats, that tend to shed the viruses they carry when they get into contact with humans in spaces such as so-called "wet markets". This constitutes what Jean Baudrillard calls "blowback", that is, the manner in which nature exacts a kind of revenge for human technical interference in natural processes, and which one may anticipate in the wake of the medical-technological development of a vaccine against the virus, in so far as it is likely to generate the evolution of other, possibly more lethal viruses. An interpretive analysis of a science fiction film (The Day the Earth Stood Still; Derrickson 2008), demonstrates the effects of short-sighted human economic behaviour as far as species-extinction is concerned, which, in the film, is thematised fictionally as something that could adumbrate the extinction of humanity itself. It is argued that this film, which is a timely reminder of humans' responsibility towards nature, can be related to the present pandemic as far as the destruction of natural habitats is concerned, which demonstrably leads to the shedding of viruses. The novel coronavirus is further placed in the context of what Castells calls the "network society", by showing that, similar to computer viruses, its rapid spread has been facilitated by the global network character of contemporary society. Decisive in this regard has been the global web of air travel routes that spans the globe, along which the virus was transported from China to other countries in the world. The economic aspect of the pandemic is explored in relation to the social stratification of the network society according to Castells, who depicts the world's elites as constructing their own exclusive spaces by means of various functions of networking. It appears that the pandemic has exacerbated the exclusionary drive, as well as the further self-enrichment on the part of the elites, and a parallel is drawn between this state of affairs and Michel Houellebecq's novel, The Possibility of an Island, which traces the incremental exclusion of ordinary human beings from the exclusive spaces occupied by the wealthy. This leads to a discussion of Naomi Klein's fears, that the current pandemic has given the world's technocrats an ideal opportunity to inveigle public authorities into investing taxpayers' funds in communications technology that would putatively safeguard people from infection by the coronavirus while, at the same time, allowing economic and educational activities (among others) to continue. She exposes the hidden truth, that this would be available to the rich, but at the cost of the safety of thousands of workers behind the scenes providing much of the safeguarding services to the wealthy, as well as the fact that technocrats like Eric Schmidt want these private projects to be funded by the public. Klein also points to alternative ways to adapt education safely without sacrificing the advantages of face-to-face teaching, even if she grants that communications technology has an important role to play. The philosophical implications of the pandemic are pursued along the lines of the question, whether the "network society", which has undoubtedly facilitated its speedy unfolding, is really as new as it seems, leading to a discussion of both the affirmative and the negative answers to this question. While it is indeed new in terms of the actions (such as quasi-instantaneous global investments) made possible by communications technology based on the internet, there is a sense in which the structure of the network society is as old as the proverbial hills. This is clarified with recourse to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's ontology of becoming, multiplicity, rhizomatic connections and assemblages, which contrasts with traditional thinking in terms of hierarchical, arboreal structures. In Deleuzo-Guattarian terms, it is pointed out, reality has always been one of interconnectedness-in-becoming, so that, startlingly, society has always been a "pandemic society" in a virtual sense, and as actualised from time to time. The argument further focuses on the potential for what Slavoj Žižek terms "barbarism with a human face", which is reminiscent of Achille Mbembe's "necropolitics" and "necropower" ("death power"), itself a response to Michel Foucault's notions of "biopolitical power" and "biopower". While the latter were employed by Foucault to characterise and analyse the modern state's mode of governance in so far as it exercised power in relation to the modalities pertaining to human bodies that are born, become economically active, get ill and die, Mbembe argues that this conceptualisation is no longer adequate in an age where the state (for example in contemporary Palestine) has, by and large, reduced bodies to the "living dead", and constructed "death worlds" where military technology is employed to control and, if necessary, terminate, human beings. Žižek highlights the ideological potential of the state's actions and expectations under pandemic conditions in so far as people are induced into so-called "personal responsibility", while the state's complicity with regard to the inception of the pandemic is occluded. As Žižek points out, nothing less than a fundamental change regarding society's mode of life is required, namely a replacement of the extractive, destructive economic system of neoliberal capitalism by an economic system that factors nature into the economic equation. In conclusion, this is developed further by foregrounding the irony of "socialism for the rich" in the context of the pandemic, which is compared, via David Harvey's work, with the massive transfer of wealth from public funds to the wealthy in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. It is argued that, in light of the unavoidable destruction of nature by the current, hegemonic economic system, which is bound to give rise to further health hazards in the shape of viruses passed from stressed animals to humans, nothing less than a rejection of capitalism is needed, in the place of which a system has to be adopted which considers human beings to be part of an encompassing nature. In this regard reference is made to the work of critical economist, Charles Eisenstein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Corona virus pandemic rendered most live education this spring term impossible. Other formats and new ideas were needed to offer students the opportunity to learn unchanged learning content and outcomes. To replace our module on ethics and ethical decision making in emergency medicine with simulation patients we developed an e-learning module consisting of a case, trigger questions and literature for self-study. This was followed by a Microsoft Teams seminar in which the students discussed their questions in subgroups on the basis of their reading and developed a team product they then presented to the other team. Students valued this module as enabling a safe space for their beliefs and views. A vast majority deemed the topics as relevant, two thirds would retake the seminar. Despite a productive online discourse, this format should not be used as sole module under normal conditions since it lacks the (simulation) patient interaction but it can prove to be a valuable addendum to live teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En quelques mois, la pandémie de coronavirus a plongé le monde dans une situation de paralysie dont la durée est difficile à appréhender. Le Japon, pris entre le report des JO et la rentrée scolaire, semble avoir contenu l’épidémie dès les premières semaines, enrayant de fait le développement exponentiel subi par de nombreux autres pays. Il reste néanmoins des difficultés principalement dues à une réduction des investissements publics dans les hôpitaux contraints de réduire leur accueil.

L’épidémie à Coronavirus COVID-19, qui touche la planète entière, oblige chaque pays et leurs habitants à adapter leurs modes de vie afin, à laLfois, de se préserver et de préserver son entourage. La prise en charge des personnes souffrant d’une maladie chronique associée doit évoluer durant cette période en fonction des pathologies et du lieu de traitement. Rapidement, en sus des directives ministérielles, les sociétés savantes ont proposé des recommandations qu’il importe à chacun d’adapter en fonction des possibilités et de l’environnement d’exercice. Certaines sont synthétiques et générales, d’autres concernent des groupes plus particuliers d’individus. Nous citerons ainsi les recommandations (en Anglais) de l’ERA-EDTA : https://www.era-edta.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/200311_Press-Release_SARS-CoV-2.pdf L’expérience de Wuhan en hémodialyse : https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.24.20027201 Les recommandations générales de la SFNDT : https://www.sfndt.org/sites/www.sfndt.org/files/medias/documents/Conseils%20SFNDT%20COVID-19%20-%20090320%20vDef.pdf Peu de recommandations étaient fournies concernant les patients traités par dialyse péritonéale en dehors de celles de l’ISPD récemment publiées en plusieurs langues: https://ispd.org/strategies-covid19/ (traduction française réalisée par le RDPLF) La France et certains pays francophones se caractérisent aussi par une proportion importante de patients en dialyse péritonéale non autonomes assistés par infirmière. Les responsables du Registre de Dialyse Péritonéale de Langue Française (RDPLF) ont rédigé, en accord avec la Société Francophone de Néphrologie Dialyse et Transplantation (SFNDT) des recommandations, volontairement simples, et spécifiques du mode de prise en charge dans nos régions. Ces recommandations complètent celles précédemment citées et ne concernent que le suivi du patient lors de son maintien à domicile pour le protéger et protéger son entourage de toute contamination. Il appartient à chaque professionnel de s’inspirer de ces recommandations et de les adapter en fonction de ses possibilités..

Copyright of Der Gastroenterologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Gastroenterologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

National and international burn society websites are an important source of information for patients and burn care professionals. The current COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented global health crisis. The aim of this study was to assess the information available on national and international burns society websites on the current pandemic of COVID-19. National and international burns society websites were assessed with regard to COVID-19 information. Five percent of nations had a burn care society website. Forty percent of these national society websites mentioned COVID-19. None provided their state's guidelines, nor advised to provide only urgent or emergent care. None recommended following WHO guidelines. One-third (33%) of the international societies documented the decision to postpone its congress and provided links to two articles describing burn care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The availability of COVID-19 clinical guidelines and information on national and international burn care society websites is lacking. Burn care society websites must develop relevant COVID-19 information to support burn care professionals on the frontline of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Au mois de décembre 2019, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) recense les premiers cas d'une maladie infectieuse apparue en Chine la même année. Générée par le nouveau coronavirus SARS-CoV2, elle est nommée COVID-19 pour COronaVirus Infectious Disease 2019. Rapidement, la diffusion de cette maladie inconnue a un retentissement planétaire : la contagiosité du virus est extrêmement importante et les suites sont potentiellement mortelles. En France, la population réagit initialement avec incrédulité, jusqu'à ce que la maladie atteigne l'Europe et que les premiers cas apparaissent sur le territoire français fin janvier 2020. Quelques semaines plus tard, le 16 mars 2020, le Président Macron déclare le pays « en guerre » contre le COVID-19. Le lendemain, la population est placée en confinement. L'activité du pays est à l'arrêt. Les écoles, les entreprises, les commerces sont fermés. Les Français sont sidérés. Ils doivent soudainement affronter la peur : celle qu'eux ou leurs proches puissent tomber malades, celle de l'enfermement et de la restriction de libertés, celle de la précarité économique. Et surtout, celle de l'inconnu. Afin de prévenir les conséquences désastreuses du séisme, des cellules d'écoute et de soutien psychologiques sont créées dans l'urgence, à l'échelon national. Elles sont destinées à soutenir le corps soignant, les malades et plus largement la population générale. Celle dédiée au département de la Gironde s'organise en quelques heures, sur le week-end du 21 mars 2020. La plateforme d'écoute COVIDPSY33 est ainsi mise en place à Bordeaux, par le Centre hospitalier Charles-Perrens, avec le soutien de l'Agence Régionale de Santé Nouvelle-Aquitaine (ARS). La cellule PSYCOVID-19 est créée de manière concomitante. Cette cellule de soutien d'aval travaille en collaboration avec la plateforme COVIDPSY33 et propose une aide psychologique à la population générale et aux soignants du secteur Bordeaux Rive Droite, Bordeaux Gare, Rives de Garonne, Rives d'Arcins et Sud Gironde. Elle couvre ainsi un territoire équivalent à environ la moitié du plus vaste département de France métropolitaine, la Gironde. Dans cet entretien, Samantha Al Joboory et Florence Monello, psychiatre et psychologue coordinatrices de PSYCOD-19, présentent ce dispositif de soutien psychologique. In December 2019 the World Health Organization (WHO) recorded the first cases of an infectious disease that appeared in China in November of the same year. Generated by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV2, it is quickly named COVID-19 for COronaVirus Infectious Disease 2019. The spread of this unknown disease will soon have worldwide consequences: the contagiousness of the virus is extremely high and potentially lethal. In France, the population initially reacted with disbelief until the disease reached Europe and the first cases appeared on French territory, at the end of January. A few weeks later, on 16 March 2020, President Macron declared the country "at war" against COVID-19. The next day the population was placed in lockdown. At the present time, the country's activity is at a standstill. Schools, businesses and shops are closed. The French citizens are astounded. They suddenly have to face fear: fear of falling ill or that a close relative may fall ill, fear of being locked up and experiencing restrictions of liberties, fear of economic precariousness. And, above all, fear of uncertainty. In order to prevent the mental consequences of this crisis, psychological support units have been created with urgency at national scale. These units are intended to support the healthcare professionals as well as the patients and more broadly, the general population. The unit responsible for the department of Gironde has been set up quickly, over the weekend of March 21, 2020. The COVIDPSY33 listening unit has thus been created in Bordeaux by the Charles Perrens Hospital with support from the Agence Régionale de Santé Nouvelle-Aquitaine (ARS). Simultaneously, the PSYCOVID-19 unit was created. This additional unit works in collaboration with the COVIDPSY33 platform and offers psychological assistance to the general population and caregivers in the sectors of Bordeaux Rive Droite, Bordeaux Gare, Rives de Garonne, Rives d'Arcins and Sud Gironde. It thus covers an area equivalent to approximately half of Gironde, the largest department in metropolitan France. In the present interview, Samantha Al Joboory and Florence Monello, psychiatrist and psychologist coordinating PSYCOD-19, present this psychological support unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of March 2020, South Africa (59 million inhabitants) was hit by the pandemic of COVID-19 and soon became the most affected country in Africa by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. From one single case on March 5th, the number of cases increased rapidly, forcing the South-African Government to swiftly react and place the country under strict lockdown for six weeks. The strategy of the South African Government bore fruits with a contained spread of the virus. If the number of positive cases at the end of the lockdown reached 5647, the number of fatal casualties was limited to 103 deaths. The lockdown was overall well respected, even if serious problems of food supply soon occurred in informal settlements, leading to riots and confrontation with security forces. Indeed, populations were obedient, but not being able to practice sport or outdoors activities appeared heavy. The constant fear of the poorest not to have enough money to pay rent and buy food (even if the Government organised food parcels' distributions), and to find less and less work was echoed by the fear of losing jobs among those more privileged. Despite the risk of an economic crisis, the South African Government has continued on the reasonable path of containing the pandemic with ending the lockdown at a slow pace, in five phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is facing, after a hundred years, a new pandemic – infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Establishing a therapeutic protocol along with paraclinical infection management is the great challenge of the moment for healthcare professionals all around the world. This paper tries to stadialise the diagnosis methods and paraclinical investigations, establishing the time correspondence between this investigations and laboratory also radiological findings. The positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is made by using four methods of testing: RT-PCR molecular method, serological testing by chemiluminescence and ELISA, rapid tests for the determination of IgM and IgG antibodies. Laboratory findings are not disease-specific but studies have shown that lymphopenia occurs in 83% of paediatric hospitalized patients confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Imaging is not recommended for diagnosis or screening purposes in patients with suspected COVID-19, the predictive value of RT-PCR test is ten times higher than the results of pulmonary CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of 'Constantin Brancusi' University of Targu-Jiu. Juridical Science Series is the property of Universitatea Constantin Brancusi din Targu-Jiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Strategic Universe Journal / Univers Strategic is the property of Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Institute for Security Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)