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Introduction: It is well known that peripheral artery disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) coexist and therefore, patients diagnosed with PAD have an increased chance of developing concomitant CAD. CAD-related complications could be a leading cause of postoperative mortality in individuals with PAD undergoing vascular surgery. We present a case series of 48 patients who underwent coronary angiography before vascular surgery and an updated review of previous reports to determine the prevalence of concomitant CAD in a convenience sample of Iranian patients., Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 48 patients with confirmed PAD admitted to Imam Ali Hospital, affiliated with the Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah Province, Iran. A vascular surgeon diagnosed PAD based on the patient's symptoms, Doppler ultrasound, and CT angiography (CTA). All patients underwent coronary angiography to determine if they also had CAD. We defined significant CAD as a ≥70% luminal diameter narrowing of a major epicardial artery or a ≥50% narrowing of the left main coronary artery., Results: Of 48 patients, 35 (72.9%) were male, 13 (27.1%) were female, and the mean age was 64.18±12.11 years (range, 30 to 100 years). The incidence of CAD in patients with PVD was 85.42% (41/48). The patients with CAD were more likely to be hypertensive than those without CAD (80.5 vs. 14.3, p-value<0.001). Of 41 patients with CAD, 9 (22.0%) had one-vessel disease, 10 (24.3%) had two-vessel disease, and 22 (53.7%) had three-vessel disease., Conclusion: Hypertension was a significant risk factor for CAD. Patients with hypertension and multiple major coronary risk factors scheduled for PVD surgery should be carefully evaluated for concomitant CAD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare there is no actual or potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

The objective of the present investigation was to compare the coronary angiography results in diabetic patients with and without end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). We included prolonged diabetic patients with ESKD (93 patients) and without ESKD (control group, 126 patients). Angiography of the coronary arteries was performed on all patients. Our results revealed that the ESKD patients tended to have a higher degree of coronary artery stenosis in all parts of LAD (p = 0.001, 0.024, and 0.005), proximal and distal RCA (p = 0.013, and 0.008), and proximal and distal LCX artery (p = 0.001, 0.008) than non-ESKD patients. Furthermore, we found that the ESKD group had higher significant coronary artery stenosis in the LAD artery (60.5% vs. 39.5%, p < 0.001), RCA (60.3% vs. 39.7%, p < 0.001), LCX artery (79.5% vs. 20.5%, p < 0.001), and LMCA (84.6% vs 15.4%, p = 0.002) compared to control group. There was a greater prevalence of multiple vessels coronary artery disease (≥ two) among ESKD patients (29%), compared with the non-ESKD group (16.8%, p < 0.001). Significant coronary artery stenosis was meaningfully higher in asymptomatic diabetic ESKD patients on hemodialysis than non-ESKD diabetic patients. Coronary angiography may be beneficial in diabetic patients with ESKD regardless of whether they have ischemic symptoms with low complication rate through radial access., (© 2024 The Author(s). Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.)

Objective: The cardioprotective effects of nuts are well established. However, the positive impacts of nuts in preventing CVD at a younger age, a condition known as premature coronary artery disease (PCAD), is still debated. Therefore, we aim to determine the association between nuts and PCAD occurrence and its severity in different Iranian ethnicities., Design: This case-control study was conducted within the framework of the Iran-premature coronary artery disease (I-PAD) study, an ongoing multi-centric study on Iranian patients of different ethnicities., Setting: This multi-centric case-control study was conducted in among 3253 persons under the age of 70 years in women and 60 years in men from different ethnicities in Iran., Participants: Information on nut consumption was collected using a validated FFQ. Subjects were selected from among the candidates for angiography. Cases were those whose coronary angiography showed stenosis of more than 75 % in at least one vessel or more than 50 % of the left main artery, while the control group participants had normal angiography results., Results: In the crude model, compared to the first quartile, the highest quartile of nut consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of PCAD (OR = 0·26, 95 % CI (0·21, 0·32); P for trend = 0·001). In the top quartile of nut intake, a substantial decrease in PCAD was observed after controlling for putative confounders (OR = 0·32; 95 % CI (0·24, 0·43); P for trend = 0·001). Additionally, a 75 % decrease in the risk of severe PCAD was observed in the participants in the highest quartile of nut intake., Conclusion: A significant inverse association was observed between nut intake and the risk and severity of PCAD in the Iranian population. Large-scale clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.

Background: Diverse ethnic groups that exist in Iran may differ regarding the risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and family history of non-communicable disease. Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD) is more endemic in Iran than before. This study sought to assess the association between ethnicity and lifestyle behaviors in eight major Iranian ethnic groups with PCAD., Methods: In this study, 2863 patients aged ≤ 70 for women and ≤ 60 for men who underwent coronary angiography were recruited in a multi-center framework. All the patients' demographic, laboratory, clinical, and risk factor data were retrieved. Eight large ethnicities in Iran, including the Farses, the Kurds, the Turks, the Gilaks, the Arabs, the Lors, the Qashqai, and the Bakhtiari were evaluated for PCAD. Different lifestyle components and having PCAD were compared among the ethnical groups using multivariable modeling., Results: The mean age of the 2863 patients participated was 55.66 ± 7.70 years. The Fars ethnicity with 1654 people, was the most subject in this study. Family history of more than three chronic diseases (1279 (44.7%) was the most common risk factor. The Turk ethnic group had the highest prevalence of ≥ 3 simultaneous lifestyle-related risk factors (24.3%), and the Bakhtiari ethnic group had the highest prevalence of no lifestyle-related risk factors (20.9%). Adjusted models showed that having all three abnormal lifestyle components increased the risk of PCAD (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.04-1.06). The Arabs had the most chance of getting PCAD among other ethnicities (OR = 2.26, 95%CI: 1.40-3.65). While, the Kurds with a healthy lifestyle showed the lowest chance of getting PCAD (OR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.05-3.67))., Conclusions: This study found there was heterogeneity in having PACD and a diverse distribution in its well-known traditional lifestyle-related risk factors among major Iranian ethnic groups., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Objective: l-Carnitine has been suggested as a potential nutrient that alleviates the oxidative and inflammatory damages of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the results of the previous studies of the importance of this supplementation remains unclear. This study attempts to evaluate the effects of l-carnitine (LC) supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with CAD., Methods: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-trial was conducted on 75 CAD subjects. Patients were randomly assigned to receive LC (1000 mg/day) or placebo capsules over 3 months. Sera high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrotyrosine (NT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assayed., Results: A significant increase in serum TAC and a significant decrease in MPO, NT, and hs-CRP levels were detected following 12 weeks of LC supplementation, compared to the placebo., Conclusions: These results suggest that LC supplementation may exert beneficial effect on cardiovascular health through attenuate oxidative and inflammatory markers in CAD patients.

The association between uric acid (UA) and cardio-metabolic conditions has been recognized for a long time. However, recently, a body of evidence has highlighted the independent role of UA in a series of conditions, including renal and cardiovascular diseases. In this light, data regarding the prognostic role of UA in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is scarce. A total number of 100 patients, 59 males and 41 females, diagnosed with ACS were recruited in this study. At the time of admission to the hospital, the serum level of UA was measured. In addition, the HEART score was calculated based on each patients' profile. Participants were on average 61.37 ± 12.08 years old. The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (48%), a history of coronary artery disease (40%), and diabetes mellitus (33%). The average serum level of UA was 5.81 ± 1.81 mg/dl, and the calculated HEART score had a median of six (minimum of two and maximum of ten). A positive yet statistically insignificant correlation was found between the measured UA level and the calculated HEART score (R = 0.375, p = 0.090). However, further studies with larger sample size are required to assess the direct association of UA level with major adverse cardiac events in patients with cardiovascular disease., (© 2022 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.)

Purpose: Alterations in the gut microbiome (dysbiosis) has been associated with increased microbial translocation, leading to chronic inflammation in coronary artery disease (CAD). It has been proposed that modulation of gut microbiota by probiotic might modify metabolic endotoxemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on endotoxin level, and biomarkers of inflammation in CAD participants., Methods: This study was a 12-weeks randomized, double-blind, and intervention on 44 patients with CAD. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either one LGG capsule 1.6 × 10 9 colony-forming unit (CFU) or the placebo capsules for 12 weeks. In addition, all the participants were also prescribed a calorie-restricted diet. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were assessed before and after the intervention., Results: A significant decrease in IL1-Beta concentration (- 1.88 ± 2.25, vs. 0.50 ± 1.58 mmol/L, P = 0.027), and LPS levels (- 5.88 ± 2.70 vs. 2.96+ 5.27 mg/L, P = 0.016), was observed after the probiotic supplementation compared with the placebo. Participants who had ≥2.5 kg weight loss showed significantly improved cardiovascular-related factors, compared to patients with < 2.5 kg weight reduction, regardless of the supplement they took., Conclusion: These data provide preliminary evidence that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on metabolic endotoxemia, and mega inflammation in participants with CAD.

Introduction: Since mortality and morbidity of coronary artery disease are high, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic methods for early diagnosis and prediction of ischemic heart disease (IHD) outcome. This study aimed to assess the relationship between angiographic findings, the Presystolic wave (PSW) and some of the ischemic related parameters in echocardiography of the patients with chronic stable angina., Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients with chronic angina pectoris who referred to a tertiary hospital for coronary angiography in Mashhad, Iran. Demographic and medical history of the patients, as well as echocardiography findings, including ejection fraction (EF), regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA), PSW and diastolic function were recorded. Angiographic findings, including SYNTAX score were also assessed., Results: A total of 220 patients (132 males and 88 females) with the mean age of 62.43 ± 11.40 years old participated in this study. The prevalence of PSW was 49.1%. The absence of the PSW was related to more RWMA (P =.002), and higher stages of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) (P =.029) and higher SYNTAX score (P =.001). There was a significant association between the absence of the PSW and EF categories, especially in severe LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF < 30%) (P =.001)., Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that PSW is strongly associated with the SYNTAX score. The absence of the PSW may indicate patients at high-risk clinical status (higher SYNTAX score, severe systolic dysfunction, more RWMA, and higher stages of LVDD)., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Background: Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A major health concern in the developing countries is opioid addiction, which has controversial cardiovascular side effects. We aimed to investigate whether Myocardial Infarction (MI) and its risk factors are associated with morphine dependency in the Iranian population., Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Scopus, SID, Element, and Magiran were searched to find published articles including the keywords morphine, coronary artery disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus., Results: Twelve studies involving 25,800 people were included in this systematic review and metaanalysis. Morphine dependency was significantly associated with MI with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 2.28 (95%CI=1.26-4.11). It neither has significant associations with hypertension (AOR=0.952; 95%CI=0.696-1.301) nor diabetes (AOR=0.895; 95%CI=0.644-1.246). Morphine dependency also had no significant association with hyperlipidemia with a Crude Odds Ratio (COR) of 0.906 (95%CI=0.786-1.045)., Conclusion: Morphine dependency was significantly related to MI, but its risk factors were not significantly associated with morphine dependency. The increasing prevalence of opioid abuse in developing countries may be a reason for the growing incidence of MI in younger ages and individuals with no risk factors. Besides, physicians should consider the presence of impurities in morphine-based opioids and their possible effects on health., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: Waterpipe smoking has become a vitally important public health issue in the world with a false assumption that it has a less harmful effect., Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review the association between waterpipe tobacco smoking and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)., Methods: Up to September 25, 2018, we electronically searched the PubMed, Embase, and ISI Web of Science with no time restriction. We included observational studies and excluded conference abstracts, editorials, case reports, case series, and reviews. With the fixed model effect, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between waterpipe smoking and coronary artery disease. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by the I2 square test. Publication bias was assessed by Egger test. P<0.05 was set as significant level., Results: Among 248 paper records identified through a database search, 52 full texts were eligible for full text assessment whereas 49 papers were excluded. Additionally, three studies were eligible for meta-analysis, which involved 58,960 adults with 1334 in the water pipe smoker group. Risk of CAD was increased in water pipe smokers compared to individuals who had never smoked water pipe but the result did not reach a statistical significance (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 0.98-1.38, p=0.06). We found that heavy water pipe smoking (40 to 50 sessions of waterpipe smoking/year) was associated with CAD compared to lower smokers defined as less than 40 to 50 water pipe/year (OR=2.001, 95% CI: 1.13-2.87)., Conclusion: Heavy Water pipe smoking was associated with coronary artery disease based on clinical findings. It seems very crucial to increase public awareness on adverse effects of water pipe smoking and its cessation in clinical setting., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: Refractory angina is a clinical diagnosis which implies to chronic pain due to coronary artery insufficiency and it is often resistant to routine cardiac treatment. The present study conducted to compare changes in refractory angina frequencies during 7 weeks treatment by enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without diabetes., Methods: In this retrospective study, 94 CAD patients (30 diabetics vs. 64 nondiabetics) who referred to cardiac rehabilitation department of Imam Ali Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran, during January 2006-2014 were assessed. The interventional method was EECP and medical records and frequencies of self-reported chest pain were research instruments. Data were analyzed through Chi-square test, mixed repeated measures, and Bonferroni test., Results: Frequencies of pain in both diabetic and nondiabetic groups during 7 weeks had linear reduction, but this reduction was significant only among nondiabetic patients (P < 0.0005). Furthermore, the significant reduction in frequencies of pain among this group begins after the 5 th week., Discussion: Diabetes is one of the obstacles to the successful control of pain frequencies by the EECP in patients with CAD. Future studies may pay attention to the confounding role of diabetes in improving the severity of chest pain.

Background: It is well recognized that cardio- vascular risk factors lead to histological and functional changes in aorta, and aortic stiffness is the best predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study we evaluated the relation of a less evaluated echocardiographic parameter of aortic stiffness, aortic propagation velocity (APV) with the presence and severity of CAD., Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from May 2015 to March 2016 in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Seventy patients who were referred for elective coronary artery angiography were enrolled. Patients were divided into two sub-groups based on angiographic findings: patients with CAD (38 patients, 54.3%) and non-CAD (32 patients, 45.7%). Transthoracic echocardiography was performed using the conventional 2D and color M-Mode imaging. Aortic propagation velocity (APV), aortic strain (AS) and distensibility (AD) were measured. The presence and Severity of CAD (assessing by syntax score) and their relation with aortic stiffness indices were assessed., Results: Aortic strain (6.23 ± 1.93% versus 11.66 ± 4.86%, P < 0.0001), distensibility (2.46 ± 0.91 vs 5.57 ± 2.25 cm 2 dyn-110-3, P < 0.0001) and APV (48.63 ± 10.31 cm/sec vs 77.75 ± 9.97 cm/s, P < 0.0001) were significantly decreased in CAD group compared with non-CAD group. In our study, APV showed significant inverse relationship with CAD. Based on our results, APV less than 56 cm/sec could be used to predict CAD with sensitivity and specificity of 96.9 and 78.9% respectively. We also found an inverse correlation between APV and severity of CAD., Conclusion: Aortic strain, AD and APV (a less evaluated echocardiographic index) showed significant inverse correlation with presence and severity of CAD.

Given the ongoing controversy over the risks and benefits of on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), we aimed to compare time trends in off- and on-pump CABG long-term outcomes. In this prospective cohort study, the patients who underwent primary isolated non-emergent CABG in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, in 2006 were followed for 6 years. The patients were contacted to obtain long-term follow-up data such as death, rehospitalization, myocardial infarction, and normal physical activity. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (V: 16) using t-test, Fisher's Exact, chi-square, and Mann-Whitney tests, and relative risk. The significant level was set at P<0.05.The study included 61 patients of whom n=40 (65.6%) underwent off-pump CABG. The mean age of the patients was 59.0±11.31 years, and n=43 (70.5%) were men. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of outcomes during the 6 years (e.g., death, rehospitalization, myocardial infarction, and normal physical activity). There was 1 (5.0%) death, overall. Risk-adjusted death did not differ significantly between the off-pump and on-pump groups during the 6 years (RR, 0.952; 95% CI 0.866 to 1.048).According to the results, the outcomes were similar between off-pump and on-pump CABG in patients who underwent primary isolated non-emergent CABG during the 6-year follow-up phase.

After dipyridamole infusion, electrocardiographic (ECG), blood pressure and heart rate (HR) changes were seen. We tried to investigate whether there is a relationship between hemodynamic, ECG and HR changes after dipyridamole infusion and gated myocardial perfusion SPECT findings. We studied 206 consecutive patients which underwent a 2-day protocol Dipyridamole Stress/Rest Tc99m-Sestamibi gated myocardial perfusion SPECT. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), HR and ECG were recorded. HR was mildly increased while SBP and DBP were mildly decreased after Dipyridamole infusion. There was only statistically significant difference between ECG changes as well as transient ischemic dilation (TID) ratio between normal scans and scans with ischemia (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01 respectively). There was correlation between these variables and summed stress score (SSS) and summed difference score (SDS). Patients with ischemia in their scans, 44.3% had ST depression after Dipyridamole infusion. Also ST depression most frequently was seen in patients with left anterior descending artery disease. From patients with abnormal scan + ST depression after Dipyridamole infusion (33 patient), 27 patient (81.81%) had ischemia. There was an association between TID ratio as well as ECG changes after Dipyridamole infusion and SSS, SDS and coronary artery territory abnormality. Difference between calculated left ventricular ejection fraction using stress and rest images had significant correlation with SSS and SDS. ST depression after Dipyridamole infusion and TID ratio had association with ischemia, SSS and SDS. So in equivocal Gated SPECT findings, they could be very useful for interpretation.

A 69-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of chest pain and mitral and aortic valve replacement 15 and 5 years earlier. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a well-seated monoleaflet mitral valve and a bileaflet aortic valve with normal function. Cardiac catheterization showed 3-vessel coronary artery disease and an abnormal cluster of new vessels derived from the left atrial circumflex and posterior ventricle branches. Two- and 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography identified a semi-mobile oval left atrial mass with multiple internal cystic spaces, attached to the fossa ovalis region in the interatrial septum. The mass was resected. The pathological diagnosis was atrial myxoma., (© The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.)

We assessed the association between common carotid and common femoral artery intima-media thickness (ccIMT and cfIMT, respectively), histopathologic severity of atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta/aortic arch, and the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) in 150 candidates for elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). One-, 2-, and 3-vessel diseases were present in 20%, 25.9%, and 54.1%, respectively. Although no significant relationship was present between the ccIMT and the number of occluded coronary vessels (P = .41), both the cfIMT and severity of atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta/aortic arch were predictive of more extensive CAD (P = .03 and .01, respectively). Neither the ccIMT nor the cfIMT was correlated with the severity of aortic atherosclerosis (P = .81 and .63, respectively). In conclusion, both cfIMT and atherosclerosis of ascending aorta/aortic arch are independent predictors of CAD extent. However, interrelationships between these 2 variables as well as the ccIMT are complex in CABG candidates.

Objectives: We aimed to identify coronary artery involvement in mustard gas-poisoned patients., Methods: We conducted a case-control study on 40 mustard gas-poisoned patients who underwent coronary artery angiography due to cardiac pain. The study was performed during a 3-year interval on patients who were referred to three main hospitals of Mashhad, Iran. The nonexposed control group consisted of 40 normal individuals who had undergone angiography for the same reasons. The primary outcome measurement was coronary artery involvement and its location. Data were collected through studying the angiography films., Results: Among the 40 poisoned patients studied, 15 (37.5%) had coronary artery ectasia, mainly in the left anterior descending artery, but 25 (62.5%) did not. The same values were 2 (5%) and 38 (95%) in the nonexposed group, respectively, which was significantly different compared to the exposed group (p = 0.001). The odds ratio was 11.40., Conclusions: The prevalence of coronary artery ectasia in mustard gas-poisoned patients was 7.5 times more than in nonexposed controls. Considering the proposed odds ratio, the occurrence of coronary artery ectasia is around 11.4 times greater in mustard gas-poisoned veterans. This is the first study to suggest a strong correlation between mustard gas poisoning and coronary artery ectasia., (Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Emory cardiac toolbox (ECTb) and quantitative gated single photon emission tomography - SPET (QGS) software are the two most often used techniques for automatic calculation of left ventricular volumes (LVV) and ejection fraction (LVEF). Few studies have shown that these software are not interchangeable, however the effect of perfusion defects on performance of these software has not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of QGS and ECTb for the calculation of LVEF, end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) in patients with normal and abnormal myocardial perfusion. One hundred and forty-four consecutive patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent a two-day protocol with dipyridamole stress/rest gated technetium-99m-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile ((99m)Tc-sestamibi) myocardial perfusion (GSPET) (8 gates/cardiac cycles). Rest GSPET scintiscan findings were analyzed using QGS and ECTb. Correlation between the results of QGS and ECTb was greater than 90%. In patients with no perfusion defects, EDV and LVEF using ECTb, were significantly higher than using QGS (P<0.001), whereas no significant difference was noticed in ESV (P=0.741). In patients with perfusion defects, also ECTb yielded significantly higher values for EDV, ESV and LVEF than QGS (P<0.001). In tomograms of patients with perfusion defects, mean differences of EDV and ESV between the two software, were significantly higher than in tomograms of patients without defects (P<0.001), while for LVEF this difference was not significant (P= 0.093). Patients were classified into three subgroups based on the summed rest score (SRS); G1: patients with SRS < or = 3 (n=109), G2: patients with 4 < or = SRS < or = 8 (n=13) and G3: patients with SRS > or = 9 (n=22). One-way ANOVA showed that the mean differences of EDV and ESV values between ECTb and QGS between the subgroups were significant (P<0.001 for both parameters), while no significant difference was noticed between the subgroups, as for the mean difference of LVEF, calculated by the two software (P=0.07). By increasing SRS, the EDV and ESV values were overestimated to a higher level by the ECTb as compared to the QGS software. Linear regression analysis showed that the difference in LVV values, between the two software increased, when SRS also increased (P<0.001). In conclusion, correlation between QGS and ECTb, software was very good both in patients with and without perfusion defects. In patients with perfusion defects, calculated LVEF, ESV and EDV values are higher using ECTb compared to the QGS software. However, the more extensive the perfusion defect was, the greater the difference of LVV between these two software. For the follow up of patients, we suggest the use of a single software either QGS or ECTb, for serial measurements of LV function.