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The article offers information about hip osteoarthritis (HO). Topics covered include the types of risk factors for getting osteoarthritis of the hip including general factors such as age, sex and genetics, and intrinsic factors like joint laxity, the symptoms and clinical signs of HO including achy groin pain and internal rotation, and the treatment options including physical therapy and intra-articular injections.

Abstract: Cervical spine trauma frequently accompanies major trauma, and its presence should be assumed until proved otherwise. It is important to recognize whether an injury is stable or not, and if there is instability then stabilization should be achieved either by nonoperative or operative means. This article considers the injury patterns seen in the cervical spine and how these should be evaluated and managed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Spinal injuries are common and are often associated with other injuries, therefore should always be suspected in the polytrauma victim. Spinal cord injury resulting from trauma can be compounded by errors in handling, therefore the safe handling of the potentially spinal cord injured patient is of paramount importance at all stages preceding and during hospital care. The early detection of spinal injury is possible using a combination of clinical and radiological criteria, whilst safe initial management before transfer to a designated spinal injury unit consists of spinal immobilisation using recommended protocols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]