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Highlights • Historical timber-framed wall system was investigated under cyclic loads. • Damage progression and post-elastic behaviour was analysed by image-based tracking method. • Plastic deformations and local damage occurred in some joints. • Observations are important for the design of strengthening or repair interventions. Abstract The scope of this paper is to analyse local phenomena associated with the damage progression and post-elastic behaviour of a historical timber-framed wall system under cyclic loads. It was assessed on series of points identified on the wall by processing time-resolved sequences of images. Dedicated methodology of image-based tracking method was developed to analyse local phenomena, such as relative displacements, rotations and deformations in the wall. It was possible to deduce that plastic deformations and local damage occurred in some joints. This type of observation is important for the design of rigorous strengthening or repair interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]