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Local authorities worldwide are actively encouraging waste material trading within their jurisdictions as a promising strategy to develop a more circular economy. Construction activities consume natural resources intensively and generate massive solid waste. With proper ex-post treatment, the waste materials can be recycled or even directly reused, hence contributing to the circular economy. Using the Hong Kong-Macao-Guangdong Greater Bay Area (GBA) as the context, we simulate the impacts of a construction waste trading market on the waste flows and the resulting monetary exchanges. Our model views each city as a representative agent that maximizes the benefit of conducting waste recycling. The interactions of their profit-seeking behavior will lead to optimized overall social costs. We then solve this problem using a non-linear optimization algorithm. The simulation shows that with a fully operational market, the traded waste materials amount to 1253.84 million m 3 , covering 82.36% of GBA's total construction waste generation in a typical year. The monetary transactions equal to US$38.41 billion. Such huge payments present a great opportunity for the GBA cities to develop their recycling industries. In addition, we argue that although increasing public pressure is effective in reducing inequalities in the final waste distribution, it also results in fewer financial transactions flowing to less-developed cities, which reduces their funding for developing the circular economy., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

To promote the development of the green and low-carbon wood industry and explore the current status and trend of China's used-furniture recycling, this paper summarizes the research status of used-furniture recycling and interprets governmental strategies, such as the development of used-furniture recycling system, the way of handling used-furniture by manufacturers, and the attitudes of customers towards used-furniture, through extensive literature reviews and market research. From such three respects as government, furniture manufacturers, and consumers, the problems of national used-furniture recycling are analyzed, for example, imperfect system, high cost, and weak awareness. Therefore, to solve the above issues, it is necessary to construct national used-furniture recycling system and methods. The government should pay attention to the construction of recycling network, the supervision and support of entrepreneurial responsibilities, and the formulation of recycling standards. For furniture manufacturers, the improvement of the durability and recyclability of furniture and the development of new models and new technologies for furniture recycling and transportation are their primary assignment. And for consumers, the improvements of their concepts of consuming and the environmental protection are in focus. In sum, it aims to provide both suggestions for the amelioration of the measures and methods, and support for the understanding of the change, of used-furniture recycling in China., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

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With the deepening urbanization, urban renewal, and reconstruction movement in China, a large amount of construction waste has been generated. In order to ease the financial pressure on the government to deal with construction waste, introducing the PPP model in the construction waste recycling industry has become popular. Based on the theory of system dynamics, this paper studies the risks of using the PPP model in construction waste recycling industry. First, a causal loop diagram was depicted according to the interaction of the main risk factors. Then, using the system dynamics software Vensim, a dynamic model of the risks of the PPP project was constructed. The results show the following: (1) the PPP project in the construction waste recycling industry is profitable; (2) For the PPP project in the construction waste recycling industry, the tendering risk will break out in 6~7 years, the greatest impact on tendering risk is the cooperation environment risk, where cooperation environment risk entropy is increased by 50% and tendering risk entropy is increased by 53.66%; (3) Construction risks will break out in 7~8 years. The construction cost, construction delay, and design defects have the greatest impact on construction risks, where entropy is increased by 50% and construction risk entropy is increased by 19.30%, 19.25%, and 19.08%, respectively; (4) The operational risk has not broken out in 10 years and is expected to break out in 10 to 20 years. Raw material power supply, production technology level, and operations management efficiency have the greatest impact on operational risk, where entropy is increased by 50% and operational risk entropy is increased by 21.52%, 20.84%, and 20.76%, respectively. These results can provide suggestions and references for the risk management of PPP projects in China's construction waste recycling industry., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

This paper studied the ''go global'' strategy of ship building industry in China. This paper proposed two game models to analyze the situation faced by the ship building industry in China. The paper first considered the ''country selection'' problem (CS problem) to shed light on the situation when trying to find a right partner to fulfill the ''go global'' strategy. The results showed the conditions that guarantee the go global cooperation becomes a dominant strategy Nash Equilibrium. Then, the paper considered the ''product or technology'' problem (POT problem) to discuss the ''go global'' mode, i.e. what should be exported to the other country. The results showed that even technology export may generate more payoffs to China, the more likely cooperation mode will be the product export. Based on the results of the paper, some practical suggestions have been made to the ''go global'' strategy. As far as we know, this paper is the first paper which studies the ''go global'' strategy of Chinese ship building industry by game theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sustainable development of an economy and a society cannot be realized without the help of modern geoscience. Engineering geology knowledge is necessary on a civil engineering construction site to ensure the construction work goes smoothly. This paper first discusses the importance of geoscience, especially the study of engineering geology. Then, the current Chinese engineering geology course for civil engineering students is summarized. The engineering geology course at Shijiazhuang Tiedao University is described in detail, including its history, its content, and some teaching tactics for the course. The paper closes with an evaluation of the effects of the teaching tactics.

Due to the deteriorating investment environment, many real-estate companies in China have started transferring their business out of the construction industry. This leads to the shrinkage of the design market and also architects' salary. A great number of architects have switched career to maintain the same living quality as before. Meanwhile, architectural education in China is not able to integrate itself with emerging science and technologies, losing possibilities to explore new employment channels for its graduates. There is a huge gap between qualities needed in the current or future labour market and the architectural education in schools. An online survey was conducted to investigate the current state of architects' career shifting, trying to expose the problem mentioned above. In the second part of this paper, education missions from 50 universities are analysed and detailed education curriculums from three top universities are scrutinised. At the end, the education boundary is suggested to be reconstructed from three aspects: integrating the emerging technologies; reducing unnecessary content; and training in self-learning skills.

The energy saving and emissions reduction of the construction industry are crucial for China to achieve the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goals. In order to promote the green development of the life cycle of the construction industry and improve the efficiency of emissions reduction. This paper examines the spatial-temporal distribution of life cycle carbon emissions in China's construction industry (LCCECI) from 2004 to 2018. It uses the SBM-Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index to measure technological progress and establishes the spatial econometric model based on the STIRPAT model. The study investigates the driving factors of the LCCECI at the provincial and regional levels, aiming to provide suggestions for low-carbon development in the construction industry. The research results are as follows. © The growth in the SBM-Malmquist TFP index of the construction industry distinctly curbs the LCCECI. © Total population and urbanization level are not the primary driving factors for the LCCECI. The growth of per capita GDP significantly induces the LCCECI, while concurrently exhibiting a notable inhibitory effect on the LCCECI of neighboring regions. © The improvement of the SBM-Malmquist TFP index is conducive to the reduction of the LCCECI in the three major regions. The per capita GDP has the largest positive driving effect of the LCCECI in the eastern region, and the urbanization level the urbanization rate only significantly inhibits the growth of the LCCECI in the central region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A carbon emission factor (CEF) database is required for the basis of carbon emission calculation in construction projects. However, the default values for existing CEF databases cannot cover the complex resources involved in a construction project. Therefore, this paper proposes a three-step method to guide the establishment of an extensible CEF database for the construction industry, including (1) data collection and parser, (2) data extension, and (3) data encoding and storage. The data extension mechanisms provide the supply chain perspective considering temporal issues and the accounting perspective to streamline the process. Aiming to address the lack of a comprehensive CEF database for the construction industry in China, this paper uses this method to establish a carbon emission factor database for the Chinese construction industry (CEFD for CCI). This database is open and free with 646 CEFs, including five parts: energy, human, material, machinery, and greenspace. This paper provides a way for developing and less developed countries to establish an expandable CEF database, which benefits the parser, extension, encoding, and storage of new resources, as well as computer access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a project construction organization model, whole-process engineering consulting (WPEC) is currently being promoted in China's engineering consulting industry. However, various factors create numerous obstacles that hinder this model's effective promotion and application. One essential task is to deeply analyze the transmission mechanism of the influencing factors in the promotion and application of WPEC, and explore effective pathways for promoting and applying this model. This paper systematically organizes and summarizes 10 primary influencing factors and 38 secondary influencing factors for promoting WPEC. Using the complex network analysis method, a network of influencing factors for promoting WPEC, a network structure, and motif analyses are conducted. The results show that the influencing factors have a complex transmission mechanism, and complex network analysis can reveal the laws of their construction and their causes. This paper provides a systematic basis and theoretical support for the effective formulation of policies related to the promotion and application of WPEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, foundation pit construction has been rapidly developing in the direction of deep and large-scale, leading to the frequent occurrence of construction accidents. The pit construction process is characterised by a complex environment, high construction risk, and numerous coupling effects between the construction risk factors. In this paper, 23 main accident-causing factors in foundation pit construction are determined based on the six major risk accident types. In addition, the Grey-DEMATEL-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of the risk evaluation model is introduced for better prediction and judgment of risk level, which combines the grey system theory with the method of decision-making experimental analysis, and in the case of inaccurate or incomplete information, the use of less data can achieve the evaluation results with a high degree of reliability, and it will effectively avoid the impact of the lack of information as well as the subjectivity in the process of risk evaluation. Through the Grey-DEMATEL method, the central degree value for each risk indicator factor is calculated, the coupling role and importance of each risk indicator are analysed, and the indicator weights are calculated. Based on the calculated weights, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the overall risk level. The empirical research on the deep foundation pit construction project of Haitangxi subway station in Chongqing reveals that the excessive lateral earth pressure on the pile wall is the most prominent risk factor. The overall risk level of the construction process is medium, and the risk is within the controllable range. On this basis, corresponding preventive measures can be formulated, providing a basis for risk prevention in the construction of deep foundation pit projects., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Hao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

In numerous developing nations, challenges such as insufficient investment in innovation and limited capabilities for conversion impede the growth of the construction sector, thus affecting the overall economic well-being of these regions. This paper focuses on construction industry innovation (CII) and its correlation with region economic development (RED), providing valuable insights to overcome these challenges and promote sustainable economic advancement. This study references existing literature to devise an evaluation indicator system dedicated for CII and RED. It then proceeds with an empirical analysis of the integration and synergy between CII and the economic development across 31 Chinese provinces from 2012 to 2021. Furthermore, this paper employs ArcGIS and Geoda software to meticulously dissect the spatial distribution characteristics underlying this coordination. The main conclusions are succinctly summarized as follows: CII in China is intricately connected to RED, exhibiting a strong connection that diminishes from south to north. Nonetheless, the coordination level between these factors remains relatively low, with notable regional disparities, particularly from southeast to northwest. The primary obstacles to effective coordination are related to innovation input, output, and economic scale. Additionally, spatial correlation analysis demonstrates pronounced regional clustering, showing stability despite slight fluctuations over the study period. This research underscores the concept of coupling coordination between CII and RED, underpinned by scientific analytical methods. The outcomes provide a definitive guide for advancing the transformation and enhancement of the construction industry while promoting RED., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Xiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Ding, S., 2019. The game theoretical model for the "go global" strategy of Chinese ship building industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 416–421. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. This paper studied the "go global" strategy of ship building industry in China. This paper proposed two game models to analyze the situation faced by the ship building industry in China. The paper first considered the "country selection" problem (CS problem) to shed light on the situation when trying to find a right partner to fulfill the "go global" strategy. The results showed the conditions that guarantee the go global cooperation becomes a dominant strategy Nash Equilibrium. Then, the paper considered the "product or technology" problem (POT problem) to discuss the "go global" mode, i.e. what should be exported to the other country. The results showed that even technology export may generate more payoffs to China, the more likely cooperation mode will be the product export. Based on the results of the paper, some practical suggestions have been made to the "go global" strategy. As far as we know, this paper is the first paper which studies the "go global" strategy of Chinese ship building industry by game theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the main driving force for the digital transformation of the construction industry, the uncertainty of digital technology in the application process has seriously hindered the high-quality development of the construction industry. In order to promote the wide application of digital technology in the construction industry and clarify the key uncertainties in its application process, this paper identifies the uncertainty index system of digital technology application based on the LDA topic model and literature analysis; the DEMATEL-ISM method is used to construct the multilevel hierarchical structure model of the uncertainty indicators in the application of digital technology to study the mutual influence among the indicators and to find the key uncertainty indicators. The research results show that the uncertainty indicators of the application of digital technology in the construction industry are divided into five levels: policy, industry, personnel, economy and law, and that the perfection of the policy guarantee system is the key uncertainty indicator for the investment return period of digital technology application. The standard contract model for digital technology is a direct uncertainty indicator for the application of digital technology in the construction industry. The results of this study help researchers and practitioners to focus on the key barriers and provide a list of key elements for construction companies to promote the application of next-generation digital technologies to improve digitalization of the construction industry. This study also provides a policy reference to further promote the digital transformation of the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Off-site construction (OSC) is an innovative construction method. However, OSC is not widely applied in residential buildings due to many barriers. Therefore, this paper aims to unravel this puzzle and interpret the slow development of OSC. The paper develops a new analytical lens based on the ecosystem concept. By deconstructing some ecosystem concepts, the paper conceptualizes China's residential building industry ecosystem (RBI-ECO) and proposes three hypotheses. The results show that the current structure of RBI-ECO does not support OSC development. Firstly, the performance of different types of enterprises is imbalanced. Secondly, there is a lack of cooperation between enterprises except for daily communication of projects. Moral risks, competition, and a fragmented supply chain are the primary causes. These barriers in RBI-ECO limit the implementation of OSC. In order to promote the application of OSC, the government can implement mandatory policies and concrete measures, establish a designer-led mechanism, motivate enterprises to transform into comprehensive enterprises, and enhance learning and education for OSC enterprise managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction of the carbon emissions of construction industry is urgent. Therefore, it is essential to accurately predict the carbon emissions of the provincial construction industry, which can support differentiation emission reduction policies in China. This paper proposes a carbon emission prediction model that optimizes the backpropagation (BP) neural network by genetic algorithm (GA) to predict carbon emission of construction industry, or "GA-BP". To begin with, the carbon emissions of construction industry in Sichuan Province from 2000 to 2020 are calculated by the emission factor method. Further, the electricity correction factor is introduced to eliminate the regional difference in electricity carbon emission coefficient. Finally, four factors are selected by the grey correlation analysis method to predict the carbon emission of construction industry in Sichuan Province from 2021 to 2025. The results show that the carbon emissions of construction industry in Sichuan Province have been trending up in the past two decades, with an average increase rate of 10.51%. The GA-BP model is a high-precision prediction model to predict carbon emissions of construction industry. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the model is only 6.303%, and its coefficient of determination is 0.853. Moreover, the carbon emissions of construction industry in Sichuan Province will reach 8891.97 million tons of CO 2 in 2025. The GA-BP model can effectively predict the future carbon emissions of construction industry in Sichuan Province, which provides a new idea for the green and sustainable development of construction industry in Sichuan Province., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

To promote sustainable economic development in the Belt and Road region of China, reducing carbon emissions is essential. The construction industry is a major contributor to carbon emissions in China. Therefore, studying the dynamic evolution of carbon emissions from the construction industry in this region and its driving factors is of great significance for effectively controlling emissions and achieving China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets. This paper first employs the Slope model, Moran’s I index, and standard deviation ellipse to reveal the spatial-temporal characteristics of carbon emissions from the construction industry, and then applies the geographical detector model to identify the main driving factors of carbon emissions. The results indicate that: (1) From 2006 to 2021, the total carbon emissions showed a fluctuating growth trend, and there were significant differences in emissions among different regions. (2) Carbon emissions in most provinces exhibited a moderate growth trend, and there was significant spatial correlation and aggregation of inter-provincial emissions. Regional carbon emissions from 2006 to 2021 showed a spatial distribution pattern from northeast to southwest, with a weakening trend, and the center of gravity mainly distributed in the east of the region. (3) Labor input, urbanization rate, total output value of the construction industry, degree of opening up, and energy intensity are the main factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emissions from the construction industry, and the majority of the interaction types between factors were bivariate enhancement. This study aims to provide theoretical support for policymakers to formulate appropriate policies for building energy conservation and emission reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The existing literature has been mainly focused on local problems but without an overall framework for studying the top-level planning of intelligent construction from a systematic perspective. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap. Design/methodology/approach: This research adopts a deductive research approach. Findings: This research proposes a reference architecture and related business scenario framework for intelligent construction based on the existing theory and industrial practice. Originality/value: The main contribution of this research is to provide a useful reference to the Chinese government and industry for formulating digital transformation strategies, as well as suggests meaningful future research directions in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to understand the formation mechanism of and establish a predictive model for payment issues faced by contractors in China's construction industry. Factors critical to such issues were first identified under different categories from literature and verified by a Delphi survey. This paper identified critical factors under three categories, i.e., culture, client's financial management, and interactions and processes. A focus group was then conducted to understand the roles played by each category of factors. Specifically, the cultural factors explained the origination of payment. By taking an analogy, the current unhealthy culture acted as pathogens of payment issues as a disease in the body of the construction industry; the financial management capability of the client acted as the defense system; and the interactive and process factors played the role as trigger and catalyst. It was followed by a logical deduction assisted by another Delphi survey to understand the associations among the identified factors. The model structure was hence constructed upon the factors and their associations and was then quantified by Bayesian belief network parameter learning with quantitative data collected from a questionnaire survey. As such, the formation mechanism of payment issues was investigated, based on which a Bayesian classifier was established from the perspective of Chinese contractors. The model demonstrated a high accuracy rate of more than 90%. This paper systematically investigated the formation mechanism of payment issues in China's construction industry and revealed that root causes of payment issues could not be eliminated in a short term. The predictive model endows contractors with advantages in proactively evaluating if they are capable of tackling the risks of potential payment issues without disturbing the current power balance of the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On-time delivery of documentation and contracts has been recognized as a crucial requirement for the successful delivery of projects. However, the construction industry still depends on time-consuming traditional contract processes, which negatively affect the overall productivity of projects in the industry. The use of Smart Contracts (SCs) is highlighted as a suitable novel technology to expedite the contract processes and establish a reliable payment environment in the construction industry. Whilst there has been an increase in the debate about the use of SCs in construction in recent years, their use in practice still seems to be in its infancy. As such, the topic will benefit from a thorough review of benefits, drivers, barriers and strategies that can enhance the implementation of SCs in construction. This article presents the key findings from a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on SCs in the construction industry, critically assessing existing studies on the topic. The study initially involved 171 research papers for the SLR process, and out of that 49 research papers were filtered for further analysis after reading their abstracts. A total of 30 papers were finally filtered after the full-text reading for the SLR. Descriptive and content analysis were used to analyse the full-text findings. The study graphically mapped the bibliographic materials by using the Visualization of Similarities (VoS) Viewer software. As per the findings, the topic has mostly been researched in Asia and the Pacific as a region and China as a country. It was noted that there were more empirical articles than theoretical studies related to SCs, evidencing the industry relevance of the issue. A total of 55% of the articles reviewed have been published in journals with a Q1 ranking. All the articles were written by multiple authors, with 30% of the journal articles having international co-authors and benefitting from the collaboration between authors. Key advantages identified in the literature go beyond contract and payment provisions and include aspects such as logistic handling, decentralized applications, business process management, automated payments, etc. Key drivers for adoption are supply chain pressure, competitive pressure, top management support, simple layout, reduction in risks of clients, clarity in responsibility and risk allocation, whereas the key barriers include insecurity, limited observability, incompatibility, inactive government collaboration and limited storage capacity. Key strategies to enhance the application of SC in construction include integrating theorems proving symbolic execution, using the selective transparency method and lock fund system, testing the integration of SCs with other systems at the initial stage, incorporating semi-automated consensus mechanisms for payments, constructing a mechanism to actively engage with government bodies, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the influence of COVID‐19, although upstream small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in construction industry chain suffer from high operating costs and tight cash flow problems, their financing demands are even stronger. As an electronic and platform‐based comprehensive service, online supply chain finance can ease the financing problems of SMEs in the construction industry. However, it has become an important issue for financial institutions to effectively assess the credit risk in the process of online supply chain financing. In this paper, an online supply chain risk assessment method, which is based on a hybrid model chain, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique for Nominal and Continuous (SMOTENC), and Random Forest (RF), is proposed to identify and control the credit risk of financial institutions. Specifically, we establish the financial credit risk assessment system with respect to the characteristics of financing enterprises in the construction industry supply chain, including the status of financing enterprises, the status of core enterprises, the operating status of the supply chain, and the status of assets under financing. On the basis of the system, the best index number of the assessment system and the minority samples are obtained by the XGBoost algorithm and the SMOTENC algorithm, respectively. The classification method based on RF is applied to judge the credit risk of financing enterprises in the supply chain of construction industry. In the simulation stage, we take upstream SMEs in the supply chain of construction industry in China as an example for empirical analysis to validate the effectiveness of our proposed method. The credit risk assessment method proposed in this paper has better performance than the commonly used ones in the academic field with an average improvement on assessment accuracy for 6.39% and an average increase of Area Under Curve for 6.95%. Our study provides meaningful exploration on the fund monitoring system of the financing service platform to improve financing efficiency and risk management level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the current imbalance in construction social procurement research toward Western countries with neo-liberal models of public governance. It does this by exploring the potential value of construction social procurement in the Chinese centralized unitary state and socialist market system. Findings from a survey of one hundred and sixty-four professionals from the Chinese construction industry are reported. They highlight the institutional foundations into which social procurement could be implemented and the significant untapped social value that could be created. However, they also show that for social procurement to achieve its full potential in the Chinese construction industry, such policies need to be underpinned by meaningful industry consultation, effective education and clearly mandated targets that create a market for social value. This paper contributes to the global advancement of social procurement research in construction by providing new insights into the implementation of social procurement beyond the narrow confines of the Western political and governmental orthodoxies where such research has hitherto been focused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building information modeling (BIM) is a pivotal technology to realizing the digital transformation of the construction industry. Lack of BIM professionals, however, is one of the reasons the application of BIM technology in the construction industry is hindered. Identifying BIM competency requirements is critical for BIM professionals' training. This paper uses the structural topic model (STM) to mine the topics of BIM recruitment information to deeply understand the BIM competency requirements from a 360° view of the construction industry. The company size, salary level, year of experience, and education in BIM recruitment information are taken as covariates to examine their impact on BIM recruitment topic prevalence. And the changing trend of the topic prevalence and topic correlations are observed through visual analysis. The results reveal that the current BIM competency requirements in the construction industry contain three aspects: management competencies, professional and technical competencies, and personal characteristics. In particular, the requirements for BIM application, construction drawing design, and information technology (IT) skills are relatively strong, and personnel professionalism is also a concern of BIM job recruitment. Companies of different sizes have evident preferences for competencies. Salary levels and years of experience requirements also affect the intensity of corporate demand for BIM competencies. However, education is not the main factor affecting the recruitment of BIM positions. The results can provide a reliable theoretical basis for educational institutions to build a proper BIM professional course system, for companies to develop BIM job recruitment plans, and for individuals to choose their employment goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction supervision system plays an essential role in promoting the development of Chinese construction industry. However, as the core of the supervision system, the supervisor may deviate from duty and collude with the contractor to seek more profits. This paper investigates optimal collusion governance strategies under the prevailing supervision system. This paper develops a game-theoretic framework including an owner, a supervisor and a contractor, wherein all players interact and pursue to maximize their self-profits. The collusion equilibrium and the collusion-proof equilibrium are explored. Since the game contains multiple rounds of strategic interactions, backward induction is applied to ensure subgame perfection. The results show that collusion makes the supervision system not always in the owner's interests. For projects recommended to implement the supervision system, the boundary condition for the owner applying the supervision system is derived. For projects required mandatory supervision, the owner prefers to let the contractor and supervisor collude under certain conditions and guard against collusive behaviours otherwise. This study contributes to the theory by exploring the effects of covert collusion and optimal governance strategies. In addition, this study can assist the owner in better understanding and managing agent collusion to safeguard the project quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of China's construction industry, the competition in the construction industry is becoming increasingly fierce. Enterprises need to continuously improve their competitiveness in the market. Some non-core businesses can be outsourced to professional contractors. At present, contractors have more and more influence on the operation and development of enterprises. Whether it is the construction period or the quality of the project, it will have a greater impact on the operation of the construction project. In the environment of increasingly fierce market competition and increasing project quality requirements, for the construction project contracting enterprises, in order to achieve the goal of low cost and high quality, it is necessary to select the most suitable contractor on the basis of comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. The construction enterprise contractor selection is a classical multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. In recent years, the MAGDM problem has become an important research field in modern decision science. This paper extends the EDAS method to the 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets (2TLPFSs). On the basis of the original EDAS method, 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy EDAS (2TLPF-EDAS) is built for MAGDM. Finally, a case study for construction enterprise contractor selection and some comparative analysis with the other methods show that the new method proposed in this paper is effective, reasonable and accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformation and modernization of the construction industry in China has introduced higher knowledge, skill, literacy, and innovation ability requirements for construction workers. Subsequently, more than 53 million migrant workers, comprising the main workforce of China's construction sector, require transitioning into the roles of high-quality and highly skilled construction industry workers. As an important means to improve human capital, systematic training is the key method for the development of migrant workers into industrial workers within China's construction industry. This paper constructs and verifies the theoretical model underlying the operating mechanism of the training system for migrant workers within the construction industry. As such, a structural equation model was established for the mechanism of transforming construction migrant workers into industrial workers. The results show that as the driving forces, the government and construction industry play important roles in promoting the operation of the training system for migrants in the construction industry as they provide internal vocational and social training. Construction enterprises have a direct role in promoting professional literacy training as one of the direct beneficiaries of construction workers' training. Therefore, this paper provides a critical reference for policy promoting the transformation of migrant workers into industrial workers through appropriate training within China's construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: The decoupling of energy consumption from economic growth in the construction industry is crucial to the sustainable development of the global construction industry. The existing studies focus on the advancements in energy efficiency by designers for building monoliths or construction techniques, involving no exploration of energy efficiency management from a regional perspective, which is unfavorable for the formulation of energy efficiency policies and systematic control of the construction industry by local governments. (2) Methods: From the perspective of regional management, this paper constructs an integrated analysis and application framework of "spatio-temporal characteristics + matching evaluation + policy design" based on the decoupling model and GIS tools. It studies the spatio-temporal characteristics of energy consumption in the construction industry in 30 provinces of China from 2010 to 2019, and its decoupling relationship with the economic development of the construction industry, and proposes an optimal zoning and recommendations for energy consumption in the construction industry, providing a reference for energy conservation management in the construction industry in China. (3) Results: First, the change of energy consumption amount (ECA) in the construction industry in the provinces was dominated by ascent, while the energy consumption intensity (ECI) predominantly decreased, and most provinces are still in a period of growth or plateau in energy consumption. Second, ECA and ECI had prominent spatial heterogeneity and aggregation. High-energy-consuming regions are concentrated along the coast and along the Yangtze River, while low-energy-consuming regions are mainly clustered in remote areas, such as the northeast, northwest, and southwest of China. Energy consumption shows a clear north-south difference in intensity, with high-intensity regions clustered in the north compared to low-intensity regions in the south. Third, most of the provinces were in strong negative decoupling, expansive coupling, and weak decoupling, and better decoupling regions were mainly gathered in south and central China. Nearly one half of these provinces showed decoupling degradation and only a few achieved evolution, with evolutionary regions clustered mainly in central and southern China. The northeast and northwest were the key problem areas of energy-saving transformation in China's construction industry. (4) Conclusion: The 30 provinces were divided into three types: leader, intermediate, and laggard, and the development goals and suggestions on low energy consumption in the construction industry for three zones were put forward, significantly improving the precision of policy design and implementation. The study in this paper expands the research perspective on energy saving management in the construction industry and provides a methodology and basis for developing energy efficiency policies and plans for the construction industry in China and similar developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past three decades, fire engineering has experienced fast development worldwide. Fire regulations for building industry were moved from prescriptive description to performance-based specification. This trend started in the UK in the 1980s and spread to other western countries. Hong Kong closely followed the UK development and adopted the approach of performance-based design (PBD) for the Hong Kong International Airport and MTR stations in the early 1990s. The Government of Hong Kong SAR formally recognised the PBD approach in the prescriptive codes of practice in the mid-1990s and developed the performance-based code (PBC) in the 2000s. This PBC was promulgated in 2011. The evolution in fire engineering impacted the fire community in Mainland China. The State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (SKLFS) was established in University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in 1991. Then fire science and fire engineering stepped into the fast development track. The building industry in Mainland China started to adopt the PBD approach in the early 2000s for the significant developments including large airport terminals, railway and metro stations, super high-rise buildings, and mega commercial centres. However, a structured PBC system is not available within the regulatory framework to date. Adoption of PBD approach is slowing down in recent years. This paper presents a review of fire engineering development in Hong Kong and Mainland China. The review focuses on the development of the PBC in Hong Kong, and the PBD approach and fire research in Mainland China in the past 30 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of carbon emissions in China's construction industry, and studies the key influencing factors of carbon emission intensity in China's construction industry at the spatial level through spatial spillover effects, so as to reveal the inter-regional influence mechanism. The results show that：the total carbon emissions of China's construction industry are generally on the rise, the carbon emission intensity is generally declining first and then stable, and the carbon emission intensity has intra-regional convergence and inter-regional heterogeneity；the proportion of housing construction industry, the scale of construction industry, regional economic level, environmental regulation, and nationalization rate of construction enterprises have a significant inhibitory effect on the carbon emission intensity, while the technological progress, the regional economic level and environmental regulation have a significant negative spatial spillover effect on the carbon emission intensity. Accordingly, relevant measures to promote the effective emission reduction of the construction industry are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses patterned structure to study the efficiency improvement of the practical application of BIM technology, and innovates the patterned structure method based on this. The research focus of this paper is to build a new assembly component library based on BIM model and algorithm optimization, improve its use and management efficiency, and use the core technology to design the simulation analysis model of BIM in construction, and give timely feedback of experimental information. Analyze the existing assembly structure design process, design standards and design methods, propose a BIM-based assembly structure design method, change the design idea from the whole to the component elements, and use the design method for prefabricated components. Taking the W prefabricated component library as a starting point, select the prefabricated components of the component library for assembly design to form a BIM model with a complete structure. Adjust and optimize the BIM model, and finally form a reasonable design plan. This BIM type of product includes production, transportation and assembly construction. Prefabricated buildings have obvious advantages, its comprehensive benefits are higher than other buildings, and the technical content is relatively high, through innovative prefabricated buildings, the modernization level of the building can be improved. Therefore, on the basis of in-depth investigation and study of the development status of China's construction industry, this paper studies the impact of different factors on engineering costs, including engineering schemes, engineering construction modes, etc., based on a large number of actual engineering operations and application cases, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing cost costs, improving project income, and improving project quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction projects will encounter various accidents during the construction process, resulting in disputes over construction delays and cost losses. In recent years, construction claims have received increasing attention from the constructing industry in China. However, the weak sense of claims and the low level of claims management are still common phenomena in Chinese construction enterprises. This shows that the claims management of Chinese law is still not perfect, so this paper will refer to the four internationally mature construction contracts to find the one that is most suitable for China's national conditions. This paper uses Multi-attribute Decision Making and Additive Weighting Technique to rank the four claim terms, and concludes that the FIDIC contract is the best standard for dealing with claims in the construction industry. Its contract clause can reasonably and fairly discriminate the responsibility of the parties and protect their legal right to a large extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the global competitiveness of an emerging market multinational (EMM) from China through the case of a major European acquisition, in Italy, in the heavy construction industry. Country- and firm-specific factors are considered. Horizontal integration in this oligopolistic industry changes the industry dynamics, with significant implications for its players. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows case study methodology and triangulates data through a literature review, an examination of available company data and interviews of key personnel. Firm- and country-specific factors, both advantages and disadvantages, including the business environment in the construction industry, globally and regionally, are analyzed. Findings – The paper identifies several key success factors at the firm level, including the integration of research and development, marketing and sales; the development of extensive communication and trust among the managers of both companies; the exploitation of the Chinese market as a source of demand; and the shifting of selected production lines to the Chinese market. Research limitations/implications – The traditional models of country-specific advantages/disadvantages and firm-specific advantages/disadvantages are augmented by examining the host market and industry task environments. Host country-specific factors for successful integration include favorable local conditions, both in terms of endowments and institutions, and an industrial cluster with supporting firms and services. Practical implications – Following the case study, managers can refer to the key success factors to emulate “best practices”. The paper concludes with a heuristic developed by the Chairman of Zoomlinon, Chunxin Zhan, underlining five principles for a successful EEM acquisition: understanding, sharing, responsibility, compliance and coordination. Originality/value – This paper develops a deep case study analysis and provides useful theoretical and practical implications with reference to Chinese acquisition in the Western markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, the construction industry has contributed significantly to China's economic growth. The heavy energy consumption inevitably leads to the release of large amounts of carbon emissions. Improving energy efficiency has been a crucial solution for mitigating the environmental impacts while boosting its green economy in the construction industry. Measuring the energy efficiency in the construction industry considering the quality of government sector is still limited. Using panel provincial data in China from 2011 to 2020, this paper proposes a two-stage dynamic data envelopment analysis (DEA) framework integrating the government sector with the production sector in the construction industry, and calculates energy efficiency. The spatial Durbin model is used to analyze the driving forces of energy efficiency. The research findings include (1) the energy efficiency in the eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions. The mean values of energy efficiency in the eastern, central, and western regions are 0.42, 0.34, and 0.37. (2) Even though governance efficiency is lower than production efficiency, there is a positive correlation between governance efficiency and production efficiency with a correlation coefficient of 0.48. Improving governance efficiency is a significant step to increase the production efficiency and further increase energy efficiency of the construction industry. (3) Digital transformation has a positive effect on governance efficiency but has no effect on production efficiency. The government-production nexus framework provides implications for clarifying the role of government intervention in improving energy efficiency., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

As a pillar industry of the national economy, the construction industry not only promotes urban development and social prosperity but also has an irreversible impact on the environment with the trend of high carbon emissions. Therefore, it is of great significance for the construction industry to take the lead in achieving carbon emissions reduction. This paper attempts to explore the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and specific driving factors of carbon emissions in the construction industry in 30 provinces of China from 2011 to 2020 based on the spatial econometric analysis, so as to clarify the development trajectory and formation mechanism. The key findings are (1) there are obvious differences in carbon emissions across Chinese provinces, culminating in a distinct "Belt–Ring–Dot" spatial distribution; (2) the carbon emissions in the construction industry follow an inverted U-shaped pattern from south to north, with lower emissions in the west and higher emissions in the east, which means the pressure and potential of carbon emissions reduction coexist; (3) the Moran's I index values from 2011 to 2020 were all greater than 0, with a maximum value of 0.284, indicating that there is a notable positive spatial correlation in carbon emissions in the construction industry between provinces; and (4) among the five factors, the number of employees displays the most pronounced spatial correlation, passing the test a total of eight times, and the mean test coefficient is the largest at 0.552. This factor positively influences carbon emissions alongside the gross product. On the other hand, the patents granted factor significantly inhibits carbon emissions with all test coefficients being negative with a maximum absolute value of 0.166. The impact of the technical equipment rate shows a characteristic of initial positive stimulation followed by later negative inhibition. In contrast, the urbanization rate exhibits the weakest spatial correlation with the minimum test coefficient being only 0.001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the development of property project, many contracts involved to be signed which greatly affects the success of the project. As the conflict and dispute caused by complicated conditions in those contract, contracts play an essential role in a project. Hence, this paper takes one kind of those contract, contract of construction from a Chinese client as the sample and basement from the Southernstar Consultant LLC (SsC) and Consensus Docs, to check and compare it with global standard and checklist of contract of construction as benchmark from The American Institute of Architects (AIA), Sarah Fox's 500 Words and National Community Development Association (NCDA). It is to represent an international standard as the lesson learned for developing countries. From the comparison analysis, it found the client should take Consensus Docs as a standard of the contract of construction and some conditions are advised to improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since China has been devoted to realizing the modernization completely before 2025, it occurs evermore that many construction projects are carried through without standards. Construction contracts as the first guarantee to ensure the success ongoing of the project, therefore have the duty to be formed properly. As China develops slowly in the Contract Law, the contracts we use today don't match to the current constructions anymore. To make the contracts applied appropriately, this paper will develop which standard contracts such as Fedération Internationale Des Ingénieurs Conseils (FIDIC), American Institute of Architects (AIA) is better to be adapted to make up the defects in the Chinese construction contracts by adopting Dominance method and the Additive Weighting Technique to analyze. Based on the result, it's suggested to adopt the FIDIC contracts as it has large advantages in most of the aspects of which Chinese contracts is shorting. This paper may help to make improvements to the Chinese construction contracts and create an orderly environment for Chinese construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Off-site construction (OSC) is generally propagated as a sustainable and green construction method in the global construction industry. Over the past few decades, OSC has become famous worldwide for its numerous benefits. Technological innovation can speed up the development of OSC and has attracted a lot of attention from stakeholders who are promoting technological innovation by seeking collaborations. OSC is different from traditional manufacturing, and little effort has been spent on how the stakeholder relationship quality affects technological innovation. This study therefore makes efforts to explore the mechanism of how stakeholder relationship quality influences the OSC technological innovation and to explain the stakeholder relationship quality in terms of communication, trust, and commitment. This paper constructs a multidimensional hypothesis model consisting of five concepts: communication, trust, commitment, knowledge sharing, and technological innovation. A valid sample of 125 was collected through a questionnaire survey in mainland China. The sample data were dealt with and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLSSEM) to validate the proposed hypothesis model. The results reveal that trust and knowledge sharing affect technological innovation directly. Communication and commitment are not identified to have statistically significant influences on technological innovation in OSC. Communication, trust, and commitment positively contribute to knowledge sharing. Last, knowledge sharing completely and partially mediates between relationship quality and technological innovation. This study explores the impact of stakeholder relationship quality on OSC technological innovation and verifies the mediating role of knowledge sharing. These findings provide valuable theoretical guidance for OSC technological innovation and practical insights for stakeholders to promote technological innovation by enhancing relationship quality and knowledge sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores the vocational training of construction workers in Guangdong Province of China and identifies its position in the global political-economic spectrum of skill formation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper reviews construction vocational education and training (VET) of major political economies to develop a theoretical framework that guides an in-depth case study of Guangdong. Document analysis, field trip observations, meetings and semi-structured interviews were combined to explore the political-economic environment, political stakeholders and quality assurance mechanisms of industrial training in Guangdong's construction sector. The findings were compared with construction VET of other economies reported in the literature. Findings: Construction training in Guangdong is deeply rooted in the local history and culture, under strong dominance of the state, while continually evolves to respond to the fluid market and therefore can be conceptualised as "market-in-state". The political stakeholders are embedded within the state to ensure that skills policies are implemented in-line with industry policies. The differences between the training of Guangdong and its foreign counterparts are attributed to their divergent political-economic models. Research limitations/implications: As the case study was undertaken only with Guangdong, the generalisability of its findings can be improved through future research within a broader context of multiple provinces of China through both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Practical implications: Plausible foreign VET approaches are likely adaptable to the Chinese context only when conducive political-economic environment could be enabled. The findings are useful for developing countries to learn from the VET experience of industrialised economies. Construction workers' training in Guangdong can be improved by strengthening labour regulation at lower subcontracting levels and ensuring the presence of industrial associations and unions for collective training supervision. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the field of construction engineering and management with a theoretical framework that guides empirical studies on the influence of the political-economic environment upon the ways political stakeholders develop and participate in construction VET. The exploration based on this framework revealed the position of the vocational training of construction workers in Guangdong in the global political-economic spectrum of skill formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction industry is an important material production sector of the national economy, and trade in goods and services between different industrial sectors in different regions may result in the transfer of embodied carbon emissions from the construction industry. A systematic identification of the relationships and structural characteristics of the embodied carbon transfer in the construction industry is crucial for rationally defining the responsibility for emission reduction and scientifically formulating emission reduction policies to promote the effective promotion of China's carbon emission reduction actions. Based on the calculation of input-output theory, this study constructs a multiregional input-output (MRIO) model of 31 provinces in China containing 28 industries to estimate the carbon emissions of the construction industry in 2017, it also combines the complex network theory to construct the industrial and regional embodied carbon transfer network of China's construction industry, and calculates the network structure indexes to deeply explore the spatial transfer network structure characteristics of the embodied carbon transfer between regions of China's construction industry in 2017. The results show that the construction, energy and building materials manufacturing sectors are at the core of the sectoral carbon transfer network structure, with strong network control. The embodied carbon transfer network between regions in the construction industry has a small-world character, more than 40% of all relevant regions have carbon transfer relationships with other regions, significant carbon emissions are transferred from the resource-rich, industrially well-endowed central-western and north-eastern provinces to the economically developed south-eastern coastal provinces. According to the results of the study, differentiated carbon emission reduction plans are formulated, and policy suggestions for optimizing the carbon emission reduction plan of the construction industry are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of carbon neutrality, green development is the theme of today's times. The construction industry is an important part of the green development plan, and it is of great significance to study its green financing efficiency. Based on this, this paper uses the four-stage DEA model to explore the green financing efficiency of listed construction companies from 2019 to 2020. The conclusion shows that: firstly, the green financing efficiency of listed construction companies is low, and the demand for green financing has not been met. It is necessary to strengthen the support of green finance to meet the needs of its expansion. Secondly, the efficiency of green financing is significantly and complexly affected by external influencing factors. It is necessary to dialectically treat external influencing factors such as local industry development support, financial development level, and the number of patent authorizations. Thirdly, among the internal influencing factors, the proportion of independent directors has a significant positive impact on the green financing efficiency of listed construction companies, and the proportion of R&D investment has a significant negative impact. Listed construction companies need to increase the proportion of independent directors and control the proportion of R&D investment., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Yu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

The service-oriented digital transformation of the construction industry is a development trend of cross-border industrial integration and transformation and upgrading in the digital economy environment, and collaborative value creation among stakeholders is seen as a strategic imperative to promote this process. This study aims to achieve efficient collaborative value co-creation and accelerate the digital transformation process of the construction industry by exploring the collaborative strategies and evolution laws of value co-creators in the digital service ecosystem of the construction industry. Based on evolutionary game theory and methods, this paper analyzes the evolutionary stability strategies and conditions of each participant in the service-oriented value chain at different stages of the digital transformation of the construction industry. It is found that with the improvement of the level of digitalization, the degree of cooperation among game players continues to increase until a stable state of full cooperation is achieved. The initial willingness of the game players to cooperate accelerates the speed of the system's evolution to the stable state of full cooperation in the middle stage of digital transformation. Additionally, the improvement of the construction process digitalization level can subvert the evolution result of full non-coordination caused by a low initial willingness to cooperate. The research conclusions and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions can provide a strategic reference for the service-oriented digital transformation of the construction industry., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

China's construction industry has assumed an important role in China's urbanization process, improving China's urban landscape and the level of national production and living facilities, but the productivity of the construction industry in some regions of China is still at a relatively low level. Taking the construction industry in Guangxi province in southwest China as an example, this paper analyzes the relevant indexes affecting the total factor productivity level of the regional construction industry and composes the statistical relationships among the indexes using dynamic measurement methods, and obtains that: (1) The number of employees, enterprises, labor productivity and construction profit have positive influence on the total factor productivity of Guangxi construction industry, but the improvement of regional construction gross product does not drive the improvement of technical equipment rate; (2) There is a dynamic equilibrium relationship between input and output indicators of total factor productivity of Guangxi construction industry, and the positive driving effect of output indicators on input indicators is not obvious; the influence of input indicators on output indicators is greater, and the positive influence is more. Accordingly, this paper also puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote the technical production level of Guangxi's construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper combines the green industrial strategy and green financial policies for the construction industry implemented in China in the context of carbon neutrality. A total of 67 listed companies in the construction industry from 2017 to 2020 were taken as the research sample, the green financing efficiency was measured, and its influencing factors were identified based on the three-stage DEA and systematic GMM method. The findings show that the green financing efficiency of listed companies in the construction industry is not high overall, although it is increasing. There are obvious differences in subsectors, among which, the efficiency of architectural design and service industries is relatively high. Overall, the financial environment, and the interaction between the government and the financial market, significantly and positively influence the green financing efficiency. In addition, the macroeconomic environment and the government–enterprise relationship has a complex impact on the green financing efficiency. The ownership concentration and having corporate executives with a financial background have a significant positive impact on the green financing efficiency, and the enterprise size, the debt maturity structure, and the R&D and innovation capability have a significant negative impact. The findings of this paper have implications for the improvement of the policy system that supports green development in the construction industry, and provide guidance for the strategic adjustment of the construction industry itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: High risk is one of the most prominent characteristics of the Chinese construction industry, and it poses a significant threat to construction projects. Owing to initiatives aimed at achieving high efficiency, low carbon emissions, etc., industrialization of the construction industry has become an inevitable trend in China. However, it remains to be discussed whether industrialization of construction can reduce the risks entailed in construction projects compared with traditional construction. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the theory of risk life cycle, this paper proposes a practical risk assessment technique to assess the risk life cycle, including the risk occurrence time and potential financial losses. This technique is then applied to assess the differences between the risks involved in an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) project executed via traditional and industrial production modes. Findings: The results show that the total duration of risks in the industrial construction project is half of that in the traditional project. In addition, the expected financial loss entailed in the industrial construction project is 29 percent lower than that in the traditional construction project. Therefore, industrial construction has the potential to optimize risk performance. Originality/value: There is no significant difference between the traditional and industrial construction models in terms of probability of risk. The maximum total loss might occur in the procurement stage in the case of industrial production, and in the construction stage in the case of traditional production. Moreover, the total expected loss from risk in the EPC project in the industrial production mode is only half of that in the traditional production route. This study is expected to provide a new risk evaluation technique and promote an understanding of the life cycle of risk management in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to establish a model to evaluate the benefits of building information modeling (BIM) from the owners' perspective. The model analyzes the correlation between five secondary benefit indicators and their subsystems: product, financial, organizational, management and strategic. The final key factors of BIM benefits provide a decision-making basis for owners to raise the efficiency of BIM application. Design/methodology/approach: Firstly, the authors combed 31 BIM-related literature and interviewed experts to identify 15 preliminary benefit indicators. The authors established a BIM benefit evaluation system based on relevant concepts, including two primary indicators, five secondary indicators and 15 tertiary indicators. Secondly, the authors analyzed the indicators by the extension theory of matter element analysis and a questionnaire survey of expert opinion. Finally, the new method was applied to a case study of a large shopping center in east China for empirical verification. Findings: A BIM benefit evaluation model, including a three-tiered hierarchy of primary, secondary and tertiary indicators, was constructed through literature review and expert opinions. The model determined the critical factors of BIM benefits, enhanced understanding of owner benefits and improved BIM application under the owners' leadership. Originality/value: At present, most studies focus on specific project stages or benefit indicators. This study developed an integrated BIM benefit evaluation system that targets owners. The findings could foster the development of China's construction industry, promote owner-led BIM application and advocate adopting the benefit evaluation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Stakeholder engagement (SE) is an important factor in making a project successful. Steered by the resource-based value (RBV) and stakeholder theories, this paper aims to explore not only the correlation between sustainable project management (SPM) and sustainable project success (SPS), but also the moderating effect of SE on this connection. Data was gathered from 365 questionnaires distributed to construction project professionals in China. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results confirm that both SPM and SE positively affect SPS, but the positive moderating effects of SE were found to be insignificant. This article provides the basis for the Chinese construction industry to determine how to achieve SPS through the enhanced implementation of SPM and effective SE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The escalating issue of global climate change necessitates urgent measures to reduce carbon emissions globally. Within this context, the construction industry emerges as a critical sector to address given its high energy consumption, substantial CO2 emissions, and low utilization rate. Therefore, it is pivotal to foster energy conservation and reduce emissions in this sector. To this end, this paper delineates two primary objectives: (1) identifying optimal research methodologies and index parameters for evaluating carbon emission efficiency in the construction industry, and (2) assessing the variance in carbon emission efficiency at disparate stages and regions. Leveraging the Malmquist index, we scrutinize the carbon emission data from 30 Chinese provinces spanning from 2010 to 2019. Our findings indicate a geographical dichotomy in China's construction industry's carbon emission efficiency—lower in the west and higher in the east. Additionally, this study delves into the distinguishing features of emission efficiency alterations across regions, the main influencing factors, and avenues for enhancement. Subsequently, it proposes policy recommendations tailored to the unique attributes of various regions and the overarching framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]