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The cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important in the development of renewable energy devices, to produce novel and non‐precious metal catalysts with high electrocatalytic activity to reduce the consumption of non‐renewable platinum (Pt) catalyst. In this work, we developed N‐doped and Fe/N dual‐doped porous carbons as catalysts for ORR simply by high‐temperature pyrolysis of porphyrin‐based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs). By combination of heteroatom doping, highly porous structure and tubular morphology, the as‐prepared carbon samples exhibited high electrocatalytic activity with 4‐electron transfer mechanism, nearly close to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. In particular, among these samples, the Fe/N‐CMP‐1000 displayed a higher onset potential (0.95 eV), positive half‐wave potential (0.85 eV) and limiting current density value (5.1 mA cm−2) as well as good durability and better methanol tolerance contrasting with Pt/C catalyst, suggesting that the as‐prepared metal‐free catalysts from porphyrin‐based CMPs show great potential for ORR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is particularly important to develop new materials with both thermal insulation and flame retardant properties for addressing the severe issues caused by fire accidents. Herein, a kind of conjugated microporous polymer nanospheres with hollow structure (HCMPNS) was synthesized by Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction using SiO 2 nanospheres as hard template and 1,3,5-triacetylenebenzene, as alkynyl monomer. Then, HCMPNS was chemically graft-modified with azidotrimethylsilane (TMSA) by "click" chemistry (HCMPNS-FRSi), and the HCMPNS-FRSi obtained from the reaction was introduced into flammable epoxy resin (EP) to obtain EP based composites, i.e. EP-Ⅰ and EP-Ⅱ. The thermal conductivities were found to be 0.0341 W m−1 K−1 and 0.0268 W m−1 K−1 for EP-Ⅰ and EP-Ⅱ, respectively, showing excellent thermal insulation performance. The total heat release (THR), the total smoke production (TSP) and the peak CO 2 produced (CO 2 P) of EP-Ⅰ were reduced by 18.0 %, 8.0 %, 14.3 % compared with pure EP as measured by cone calorimetry (CC), respectively, indicating a certain extent flame retardant effect. In order to further improve its flame retardant properties, phosphoric acid containing the flame retardant phosphorus element was added to HCMPNS-FRSi (HCMPNS-FRSi-P), followed by the introduction of the resulting HCMPNS-FRSi-P into EP matrix to form EP based composites with Si and P dual incorporation (EP-III and EP-IV), with the thermal conductivities of 0.0470 W m−1 K−1 and 0.0855 W m−1 K−1, respectively. Through the cone calorimetry (CC) of EP-III, EP-IV, total heat release (THR) were reduced by 17.0 %, 23.8 %, total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 6.2 %, 7.2 %, respectively. The peak heat release rate (HRR) and the peak CO 2 produced (CO 2 P) of EP-Ⅳ were reduced by 16 % and 25 %, respectively, compared with pure EP. It has good thermal insulation and flame retardant effect. Therefore, HCMPNS-FRSi-P, as a new type of flame retardant material, has great potential in the fields of electronics, construction, transportation and so on. [Display omitted] • TMSA was chemical grafted on the surface of CMP hollow spheres by click-chemistry method. • Phosphoric acid was incorporated into the TMSA treated CMP hollow spheres. • The CMP-based flame retardant has excellent thermal insulation properties with a thermal conductivity of 0.0470 W m−1 k−1. • Compared with pure EP, The HRR and THR value of EP-IV was reduced by 16% and 23.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of functional materials with better flame-retardant and thermal insulation properties has attracted considerable attention for energy storage applications in modern society. Here, we describe a facile approach for the preparation of conjugated microporous polymer hollow spheres (CMP-HSs) by using SiO 2 nanoparticles as a template via the Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction. The as-synthesized CMP-HSs have good thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of up to 281 °C, high porosity (the BET specific surface area is measured to be approximately 666 m2 g−1) along with lipophilic and hydrophobic characteristics. To further improve their flame retardancy, CMP-HSs were treated with dimethyl phosphonate (DMMP) though an immersion method to prepare the CMP-HSs composite (CMP-HSs-DMMP) flame-retardants. By introducing CMP-HSs-DMMP into the epoxy resin (EP) matrix, the as-prepared EP composites showed excellent flame-retardant properties, e.g., the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) value of EP composites containing only 0.2% CMP-HSs-DMMP flame-retardant were 650.9 kW m−2 and 79.4 MJ m−2 respectively, in the range of 0 °C − 650 °C, which are 19.6 ± 2% and 19.1 ± 5% lower than that of pure EP within the same temperature range. Considering the significant enhancement of its flame retardancy with only a slight dosage of CMP-HSs-DMMP, such CMP hollow sphere-based flame-retardant composites may have great potential as functional bulk materials or coatings in a variety of fireproofing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials with thermal insulation and flame retardant properties are highly sought after in construction industry. In this study, two hollow-structured conjugated microporous polymer spheres (HCMPs) were successfully synthesized via the template method by polymerizing 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene with 3-amino-2,6-dibromopyridine and 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine respectively. To enhance flame retardant properties, HCMPs were impregnated with ethanol-soluble 6 H-dibenzo (C, E) (1,2) phosphine oxide-6-oxide (DOPO) (named as HCMP-FR), which maintains a hollow structure, enabling it to serve as a heat insulator, as observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The two types of HCMP-FR with a thermal conductivity of 0.047 W m−1 K−1 and 0.051 W m−1 K−1 respectively, exhibit excellent thermal insulation property. HCMP-FRs were added in to epoxy resin (EP) composites to further investigate the property of it. Under addition of 1.3%wt HCMP1-FR and HCMP2-FR, the thermal conductivity of EP composites (0.159 W m−1 K−1 and 0.146 W m−1 K−1) decreased by 25.3% and 31.4% compared with pure EP composites respectively, and the density (0.651 g cm−3 and 0.8 g cm−3) decreased by 42.1% and 22.5%, significantly reducing EP's thermal conductivity and density. The cone calorimeter (CC) tests show that the pHRR of EP composites at 0.6%wt addition was 859.04 kW m−2 and 904.35 kW m−2, respectively, which were 17.5% and 13.1% lower than that of pure EP, and the TSP decreased by 44.9% and 41.3% when 1.3% HCMP-FRs was added, which shows an excellent smoke depressing property. Therefore, the HCMP-FRs synthesized have highly promising for application in thermal insulation and flame retardancy of energy saving building. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) film featuring with unique two-dimensional structure and well-developed microporosity inheriting from CMPs shows outstanding function for separation and water purification. However, it is still a great challenge to synthesize truly self-standing CMPs films or membranes with large areas and processible intensity. In this work, inspired by surface-assisted polymerization, taking 1,4-diethynylbenzene and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene as monomer models, we fabricated three soft tissue paper-liked CMPs films with highly mechanical robustness and flexibility through Pd/Cu-catalyzed homocoupling polymerization combined with a facile template method. All the resulting CMPs films consisted of hollow nanotubes whose physical strength and continuity could be tuned by alkynyl monomers. ACMP1 derived from 1,4-diethynylbenzene showed the maximum elongation and tensile strength with a large area of ∼46 cm2. Moreover, ACMP1 was served as an efficient supporter to prepare ACMP1/silver nanoparticles composite by one-step reduction reaction. The silver nanoparticles were uniformly coated the outer surface of nanotubes and retained the original microporosity of ACMP1, endowing the composite good antibacterial activity against E. coli in water. Our work is expected to provide a platform to develop macroscale CMPs-based film with antibacterial function for water purification and environment remediation. • Tissue paper-liked CMPs films with large area were rationally synthesized. • The CMPs film consisted of hollow nanotubes with high flexibility. • The Ag-loading CMPs film exhibits high antibacterial activity against E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The N-containing conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are synthesized by 2,5-dibromopyrazine or its isomeric pyridazine monomer and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene via the Pd(0)/Cu(I)-catalyzed Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling polycondensation. The resulting CMPs exhibit diverse porosity and morphology, which reveals macroscopically porous 3D networks for BQCMP-1, agglomerated and amorphous structure for DQCMP-1, arising from the variation of isomeric monomer. In addition, metal ions adsorption capacity of Zn(II), Cr(VI), Ni(II) have been investigated due to the good porosity of CMPs. Compared with Zn(II) and Cr(VI), the adsorption capacity of Ni(II) for BQCMP-1 and DQCMP-1 is maximal, which is 272 mg g−1 and 559 mg g−1. Our study may provide a useful guidance to manipulate CMPs by varying the constitution of isomeric monomer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel and functional conjugated microporous polymers (PCMPs) with pyridine units in networks were synthesized from arylethynylenes and 2,6-bis(bromomethyl) pyridine by palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira–Hagihara crosscoupling chemistry. The resulting PCMPs exhibit good chemical and thermal stability with decomposition temperature above 400 °C. The choice of ethynyl monomer has an obvious influence on the specific surface areas of the resulting CMPs. A high BET surface area of 1136 m 2 g − 1 was achieved. Taking advantages of the good physicochemical stability and excellent porosity, the functional CMPs networks show superior adsorption performance for CO 2 with uptake up to 109.0 mg g − 1 . Given the excellent porosity and gas uptake as well as good physiochemical stability, the as-synthesized PCMPs show great potentials in CO 2 uptake. Our study may provide fundamental guidance in designing new CMPs-based materials for the application in CO 2 capture and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N-rich conjugated microporous polymers nanotubes with high porosity, low thermal conductivity and superior mechanical strength was prepared for solar steam generation, which exhibits a high evaporation efficiency of 80% under 1 sun irradiation. • N-rich conjugated microporous polymers nanotubes was prepared for solar steam generation. • It possesses high porosity, low thermal conductivity and superior mechanical strength. • It exhibits a high evaporation efficiency of 80% under 1 sun irradiation. Solar steam generation is one of the most promising and efficient methods to solve freshwater shortage and to treat the wastewater over the world. However, the preparation of the solar steam generator with simple preparation process, controlled porous structure, high mechanical strength and energy conversion efficiency is still a challenge. Here, we report a bilayered heterocyclic conjugated microporous polymers aerogels based solar receiver by combination of the one-pot Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction of 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and spraying the polypyrrole on the surface of the aerogels for the solar steam generation. The as-prepared solar steam generator shows nanotubular structure with high porosity (94%), excellent light absorption (ca. 94%), low thermal conductivity (0.031 W m−1 k−1), rapid water transport performance and superior mechanical strength (0.54 MPa under 75% of strain). Under 1 sun illumination, the conjugated microporous polymers aerogels based solar steam generator achieved a high energy conversion efficiency of 80%. This work may provide a simple and novel way to design and fabricate solar receiver with adjustable structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar steam generation has been proven to be one of the most efficient approaches for harvesting solar energy for diverse applications such as distillation, desalination, and production of freshwater. Here, the synthesis of monolithic carbon aerogels by facile carbonization of conjugated microporous polymer nanotubes as efficient solar steam generators is reported. The monolithic carbon‐aerogel networks consist of randomly aggregated hollow‐carbon‐nanotubes (HCNTs) with 100–250 nm in diameter and a length of up to several micrometers to form a hierarchically nanoporous network structure. Treatment of the HCNTs aerogels with an ammonium peroxydisulfate/sulfuric acid solution endows their superhydrophilic wettability which is beneficial for rapid transportation of water molecules. In combination with their abundant porosity (92%) with open channel structure, low apparent density (57 mg cm−3), high specific surface area (826 m2 g−1), low thermal conductivity (0.192 W m−1 K−1), and broad light absorption (99%), an exceptionally high conversion efficiency of 86.8% is achieved under 1 sun irradiation, showing great potential as an efficient photothermal material for solar steam generation. The findings may provide a new opportunity for tailored design and creation of new carbon‐aerogels‐based photothermal materials with adjustable structure, tunable porosity, simple fabrication process, and high solar energy conversion efficiency for solar steam generation. Hollow carbon‐nanotube aerogels with superhydrophilic porous structure, low apparent density, broad light absorption and low thermal conductivity are reported by one‐pot pyrolysis of conjugated microporous polymers nanotubes, which shows a high solar steam generation efficiency of up to 86.8%. The findings of this investigation may open a new route to fabricate carbon‐aerogel materials for solar energy harvesting applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Water environmental pollution especially caused by bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms always would accelerate the spread of infectious diseases and has been one of the issues highly concerned by the World Health Organization for a long time. The development of novel antibacterial materials with high activity for water cleanness was of great importance for public health and ecological sustainable development. In this work, we developed two really free-standing conjugated microprous polymers (CMPs) film with large size and processibility by a simple and convenient solid surface-assisted polymerization between bromo- and aryl-acetylene monomers. With the solid interfacial orientation from silica nanofibers, the resulting CMPs film exhibited nanotube-liked morphology with BET surface area of 379.5 m2 g−1 and 480.1 m2 g−1. The introduction of antibacterial isocyanurate and acetanilide group into polymer skeleton brings the resulting CMPs film intrinsically antimicrobial capability and durability. The growth of E. coli can be completely inhibited by the resulting CMPs film even after several cycles. Our work was suggested to provide a new route for rational design of CMPs film or membrane with antibacterial activity for water treatment and sterilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The inevitable intermittency of solar illumination during the interfacial evaporation process can cause a reduction in the evaporation performance of solar evaporators. Here, we report the fabrication of a new solar-driven interfacial evaporator using MXene nanosheets as the photothermal layer, modifying them with conjugated microporous polymer hollow microspheres, and then compounding them with the phase change material, in this case, cetyl alcohol, to form a composite evaporator (CE) that can perform all-weather solar interfacial evaporation. By combining interfacial evaporation photothermal conversion with energy storage, the evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 1.57 kg⋅m−2⋅h−1 at a light intensity of 1 kW⋅m−2 and 2.79 kg⋅m−2⋅h−1 at a light intensity of 2 kW⋅m−2. In addition, the evaporator attains an excellent solar evaporation efficiency of over 91% in both cases and even in salt water. In addition, interestingly, our CE exhibits excellent continuous evaporation ability, e.g., the mass of evaporated water was increased by 0.36 kg⋅m−2 at a light intensity of 2 kW⋅m−2 compared to the cavity evaporator without the phase change material (PCM) when solar light was turned off. These results could be attributed to the fact that the energy released by the incorporated phase change material allows the evaporator to maintain stable evaporation under conditions of insufficient or intermittent solar irradiation, potentially providing a new opportunity for addressing the intermittent problem of evaporation at the solar interface due to unstable light intensity, thus showing great potential for practical continuous desalination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Highly efficient harvesting, transfer, and storage of solar energy are of great significance for the sustainability of society Herein, we report the design and synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers hollow spheres (CMPs-HS) coated by graphene (GCMPs-HS) and compounded with the phase change material (PCM) octadecanol (GCMPs@ODA) for efficient solar photothermal conversion. The as-synthesized CMPs-HS shows a high specific surface (519.95 m2 g−1 and 309.26 m2 g−1), good thermostability, and lower thermal conductivity (0.33 W m-2h−1). By coating graphene, the light absorption remained about 90% in the visible light range, which allows light harvest for photothermal conversion. Taking the GCMPs-HS as a functional layer for the solar steam generation (SSG) system, a high evaporation efficiency of near 90% is obtained. After inhaling octadecanol, GCMPs@ODA are prepared and their latent heats are measured to about 217.4 J g−1 and 224.6 J g−1. Under 1 sun irradiation, the photothermal conversion efficiencies of GCMPs@ODA are measured to be 87.15% and 85.83%, the above merits applied in different conditions are superior to photothermal conversion materials reported in the literature. Thus, among the above merits, the fabricated materials are the competitive candidate which shows the great potential in the efficient application of solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Accelerate the adsorption and the enrichment of iodine ions under the simulated light source. • Concentration of iodine ions of collected condensate was decreased three orders of magnitudes. • High photothermal conversion efficiency (95.39%) and water evaporation rate (1.5879 kg m−2 h−1). Solar steam generation has recently received much attention as a new green and environmentally responsible technology for seawater desalination or wastewater treatment. Hence, a novel and efficient strategy is proposed for removal of radioactive iodine ions from wastewater by SSG method using carbonized conjugated microporous polymers (CCMPs) as photothermal conversion materials. Because of the porous structure and strong light absorption of the CCMPs-based interfacial evaporator and the excellent thermal insulation of the expandable polyethylene sponge, CCMP-1 evaporator achieved a high photothermal conversion efficiency (95.39%) and stable water evaporation rate (1.5879 kg m−2 h−1) at one solar irradiation. In addition, the using of green solar energy as evaporation driving force could accelerate the transferring of iodine ions containing water through CMPs derived solar evaporator, which in turn improved the mass transfer. More importantly, the results of interfacial evaporation experiments on aqueous solutions containing iodine ions (0.2 mmol L−1) revealed that the concentration of iodine ions in the collected condensate was only 0.0027 mmol L−1, which decreased nearly three orders of magnitudes of initial concentration. Also, the iodine ions in water were almost completely enriched by the interfacial evaporator CCMP-1. In view of the fact of big challenge of removal of radioactive iodine ions from wastewater, remaining in current technologies, the findings of this study might provide a simple and efficient solution for treatment of radioactive pollutions contained in wastewater using green solar energy as deriving force via the SSG method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploitation of multifunctional materials with both low thermal conductivity and high flame retardant property is of great importance for construction of modern energy-effective buildings. Here, we report the design and synthesis of fluorine-rich conjugated microporous polymers (FCMPs) monolithic nanofoam through a Sonogashira–Hagihara coupling reaction. The FCMPs monolithic nanofoam exhibits a high specific surface area of up to 1194 m 2  g −1 and interestingly superhydrophobic wettability with a water contact angle of 160°. The FCMPs monolithic nanofoam possesses a low thermal conductivity of 0.021 W m −1  K −1 , which can compete with the most of low thermal conductivity materials such as silicon aerogel (0.02 W m −1  K −1 ), indicating excellent thermal insulation capability. Microcalorimetry (MCC) test results show that the FCMPs monolithic nanofoam possesses excellent flame retardant performance with a low peak heat release rate (pHRR) value of 10.4–11.2 W g −1 , which is nearly one order magnitude lower than that of the flame retardant materials reported so far. Compared with those brittle inorganic thermal insulation materials as well as the CMPs usually are formed as unprocessable powder, the elastomeric FCMPs monolithic nanofoam is flexible and mechanical robust, which in turn could be engineered as different shapes for practical applications. Taking these advantages, the FCMPs monolithic nanofoam may have great potentials as anti-proofing, novel heat insulation materials with better flame retardant properties for modern building construction or other energy-efficient coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports a kind of CMPs membrane named C-CMPs-M−1 that was synthesized by the Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction. The C-CMPs-M−1 has a special "Hamburger" structure composed of ultra-high crosslinked nanotubes and lamellar structures which allows it to be used as a filter for applications in automobile exhaust purification. The superhydrophobicity of C-CMPs-M−1 allow the CMPs-based filter to maintain high efficiency (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ≥99%, and PM 0.3 ˃90%) in harsh conditions such as high humidity (RH: 90% ± 3%). In addition, the superlipophilicity of the membrane endows it excellent oil absorption performance, e.g., high absorption of 907.61 % of its own weight for engine oil was detected and consequently good oil retention performance. [Display omitted] • Using a simple method to prepare a membrane with a special "Hamburger" structure. • The membrane exhibits high filtration efficiency in high humidity environments. • The membrane shows good oil absorption and oil retention properties. • The membrane has a good oil–water separation ability. The purification treatment of automobile exhaust has attracted great attention because of the severe harm of automobile exhaust to the global environment and human health. Herein, inspired by capillarity, we adopted a very simple face-to-face constrained growth method to prepare a conjugated microporous polymers membrane (C-CMPs-M) with a "Hamburger" structure through Sonogashira-Hagihara (S-H) coupling reaction for purification and filtration of gaseous, solid and liquid pollutants in automobile exhaust. Thanks to such a special structure, the C-CMPs-M−1 membrane shows an extremely high efficiency of capture and interception of PM 2.5 and PM 10 (greater than99.5 %) and PM 0.3 (greater than95%) in the exhaust gas obtained at different engine speeds. Unlike those hydrophilic filtration materials which suffer the drawback of less tolerance in high humidity conditions, the unique superhydrophobic chemistry of the CMPs membrane makes it possible to efficiently intercept PM under high humidity conditions, and the filtration efficiency basically remains unchanged within 10 h. More interestingly, the super lipophilicity of the membrane endows it excellent oil absorption performance, e.g., high absorption of 907.61 % of its own weight for engine oil was detected and consequently good oil retention performance was also obtained. It also has a strong absorption performance for the unburned oil mist ejected from the exhaust. Based on its ideal porous structure, high interception efficiency, and good physicochemical stability at high humidity and high temperatures conditions, therefore, our C-CMPs-M−1 shows great potential in automobile exhaust purification applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing global instability in the development of the world, the efficient storage and conversion of energy have alerted attention. In this work, a novel conjugated microporous polymer hollow spheres (CMPHS) with a high specific surface (323 m2 g−1) and unique cavity structure are creatively prepared. By treatment with simple carbonization, the resulting carbonized microspheres (CCMPHS) show a high light absorption (80%) and outstanding thermal stability (thermal decomposition at 506 °C). On basis of the abundant micropores distributed on the surface of microspheres, the organic phase change materials (PCMs) i.e., fatty alcohols (tetradecanol (TD), hexadecanol (HD), and octadecanol (OD)), are successfully embedded into CCMPHS to afford a kind of new composite (CCMPHS@PCMs) for energy storage and conversion. The three kinds of CCMPHS@PCMs exhibit high latent heats (220.1 kJ kg−1, 244.6 kJ kg−1, and 228.8 kJ kg−1, respectively.). In terms of energy conversion, the photothermal conversion efficiencies of CCMPHS@PCMs are up to 86.83%, 89.45%, and 85.40% and the electrothermal conversion efficiencies are 83.81%, 81.10%, and 90.50%, which possess one of the highest values among the most of similar composites embed with PCMs reported to dates. Based on the advantages of simple fabrication, easy to scale up, high energy density, and conversion efficiency, the CCMPHS@PCMs are expected to be one of the most promising candidates as efficient PCMs composite for a variety of practical applications such as solar or electric energy harvesting, storage, conversion, and so on. • Hollow porous polymers spheres prepared by template method. • The CMPHS and CCMPHS exhibits unique nano spherical morphology, abundant porosity. • The CCMPHS shows excellent solar light absorption about 80% at the range of visible light and superior thermal stability which make decomposition at 506 °C. • The CCMPHS@PCMs possesses huge energy density, and storage/conversion potential which possess 90% photothermal conversion and thermoelectric conversion efficiency. • The CCMPHS@PCMs has great advantages for their simple and scalable manufacture process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) were synthesized via palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira-Hagihara crosscoupling polycondensation of N , N -bis(4-bromobenzyl)amine and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene in different ternary solvents. The globular, tubular and amorphous CMP networks with different BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface areas were obtained. Take advantages of superhydrophobic/oleophilic properties and microporous morphological structures of the resulting CMPs, a CMPs-based mesh film and a flexible, superhydrophobic, transparent CMPs-based film were prepared, which exhibit good oil/water separation performance and moderate transmittance. In addition, due to its abundant porous feature and unique chemistry nature of the as-prepared N-containing CMPs, the removal of the dyes from water and iodine from organic solvent have been investigated. The results show that the CMP-3 possesses the highest adsorption capacities of 269 mg g − 1 for rhodamine B, 198 mg g − 1 for methyl orange and 218 mg g − 1 for iodine, respectively. This work provides a useful guidance for design and construction of porous CMPs materials for special applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient removal of pollutants in the atmosphere is of great significance to human health and environmental restoration. Herein, we report the preparation of a self-supporting conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) membrane (SS-CMPs-M) synthesized by Sonogashira-Hagihara (S–H) cross-coupling reaction using KBr tables as a template. The intrinsic hydrophobic chemical composition made it good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, e.g., the water contact angles (WCA) for SS-CMPs-M were measured to be 113°. The aromatic building blocks of CMPs make SS-CMPs-M exceptionally stable physicochemical properties, i.e., the membrane exists stably below 300 °C, and they were insoluble in organic solvents. Additionally, the as-resulted SS-CMPs-M-1 which also presents mesoporous architecture shows effectively captures performance for particulate matter (PM) with different particle sizes in the air, the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 and PM 10 are 99.7% and 99.9%, respectively. For volatile organic compounds (VOCs) vapor in the air, the SS-CMPs-M-1 shows an excellent purification effect, the removal efficiency of formaldehyde in the simulated air is above 97%, and the AQI value of the filtered gas (>500) is reduced to 50. Taking advantage of its simple and scalable manufacture, the SS-CMPs-M-1 may have great potential as an advanced membrane for the separation and elimination of PM in different environments. [Display omitted] • Membrane shows extremely high PM removal efficiency (up to 99.7% in our condition). • Membrane shows an excellent adsorption effect for volatile organic compounds vapor. • Membrane use KBr tablet as template was prepared by a simple and scalable method. • Membrane is self-supporting and has a mesoporous structure with rich porosity. • Membrane has good physical and chemical stability and thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change materials (PCMs) composites are of great importance for a wide range of applications in energy conversion and storage, waste heat recovery and utilization, thermal energy management in building, electronic devices cooling and heat insulation, etc. Herein, a novel strategy for the fabrication of PCM composites for solar/electro energy conversion and storage is reported. The polypyrrole (PPy) coated conjugated microporous polymers/expanded graphene (EG) carbon aerogels/HDA (PCMPECAs/HDA) composites were firstly obtained via Sonogashira–Hagihara cross-coupling reaction followed by a carbonization treatment, PPy coating and finally 1-Hexadecylamine (HDA) impregnation. The introduction of EG and PPy was to improve the porosity, thermal conductivity and photothermal performance. The resultant PCMPECAs/HDA composites exhibited excellent comprehensive performances, including relatively high thermal conductivity of up to 234.0% that of HDA, high energy storage density up to 205.10 kJ/kg, excellent shape and thermal stability and a remarkable photothermal conversion and storage efficiency of up to 93.5%, respectively. And after 300 times thermal and cooling cycles, the latent heat of PCMPECAs/HDA still remains up to 150.20 kJ/kg. Besides, the resultant composites also manifest excellent electro-thermal effect at low voltage. Due to the aforementioned advantages, PCMPECAs/HDA composites possess great potential applications in solar/electric energy conversion and storage. • Conjugated microporous polymer carbon aerogels composites are first reported. • The latent heat of PCMPECAs/HDA composites were tested up to 205.10 kJ/kg • The resultant composites show an ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency (93.5%). • The shape-stable composite has a phase change enthalpy of 150.20 kJ kg-1 after 300 cycles. • The resultant composites presented an excellent electro-thermal effect at low voltage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploitation of high-performance antibacterial materials is of great importance for maintain public health and sustainable development of modern society. Here, we describe a facile approach for the preparation of conjugated microporous polymer hollow spheres (CMP1-HSs and CMP2-HSs) by using SiO 2 nanoparticles as a template and 1,3,5-triethynybenzene and 3,7-dibromophenothiazin-5-ium, bromide for CMP2 and 1,3,5-triethynybenzene and 1,4-dibromobenzene for CMP1-HSs as building blocks via the Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction. The as-synthesized CMPs-HSs possess good thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of up to 588 °C, high porosity (a BET specific surface area of approximately 556 m2 g−1) and a unique hollow spherical morphology with inner diameter of ca. 380 nm. Benefit from their intrinsic lipophilicity and hydrophobicity, the CMPs-HSs could act as a kind of 'micro-tank' which enable to capture and absorption of organics from water. Interestingly, the CMPs-HSs also show an antibacterial property with bromide. To further improve their antibacterial performance, silver nanoparticles were doped onto the CMPs-HSs (abbreviated as CMPs@Ag-HSs). The as-resulted CMPs@Ag-HSs exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity both for gram-negative, e.g. Escherichia coli, The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of CMP1 is 15 μg mL−1 that is the growth of E. coli could be inhibited entirely after 3 h treatment. Taking advantages of their superior wettability, excellent absorption and separation ability, unique hollow spherical morphology makes much more accessible external surface area for doping Ag nanoparticles, such CMPs@Ag-HSs may hold great potentials as a kind of novel porous medium for organic pollution elimination, water treatment and antibacterial applications. [Display omitted] • Hollow porous organic polymers spheres decorated with silver nanoparticles were prepared by template method. • The CMPs-HSs exhibit unique hollow spherical morphology and lipophilic/hydrophobic wettability. • The CMPs-HSs show excellent antibacterial efficiency of up to 90% under 1 h at a concentration of 15 μg mL−1. • The CMPs-HSs possess superior oil/water separation performance with great potential for water treatment. • The CMPs-HSs have great advantages for their simple and scalable manufacture process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The capture and elimination of harmful particulate matter (PM) both in air and water is of great importance for human health and environmental sustainability. Here, we demonstrate a novel strategy for the exploitation of conjugated microporous polymer bearing aminopyridine moiety (A-CMPs) as an advanced filter for bacteria sterilization and efficient PM capture. The A-CMPs network shows a hierarchically porous structure with mechanical robustness and flexibility, which facilitates to filtration especially for PM with different particle sizes. The capture efficiency of A-CMPs aerogels for PM 2.5 and PM 10 were respectively up to PM 2.5 ≥ 99.57 ± 0.19% and PM 10 ≥ 99.98 ± 0.01% in a long-term durability test and easy to be regenerated. Moreover, the A-CMPAs features excellent superhydrophobicity, which is difficult to saturate with water aerosols in humid air (RH: 89 ± 3%) and in turn shows superior stability and high-performance in terms to capture efficiency. More importantly, the A-CMP monolith exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity and high concentrations of bacterial suspension (e.g., using E. coli as probe bacterial) could be effectively captured and quickly killed during filtration, which endows the A-CMPs additional sterilization performance and thus is of great technological significance with remarkable potentials as a new kind of advanced filter for multifunctional filtration in both air and water. Novel conjugated microporous polymers aerogels bearing aminopyridine moiety (A-CMPs) were synthesized to have extremely high PM capture efficiency and excellent sterilization performance, showing remarkable potentials as a new kind of advanced filter for multifunctional PM filtration in both air and water. Unlabelled Image • A-CMPs bearing active aminopyridine functional groups have good antibacterial activity. • The intrinsically abundant porosity of A-CMPs provides accessible active sites for filtration or sterilization. • A-CMPs feature long-term PM capture capability and excellent stability to withstand harsh conditions. • A-CMPs filters would not cause secondary pollution and easy for regeneration. • A-CMPs is of great technological significance with large potentials for practical filtration or sterilization applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The CMPs membranes with strong hydrophobic and oleophilic wettability were prepared. • The CMPs membranes can be synthesized by a simple one-step reaction. • The CMPs membranes show a honeycomb-like porous network structure. • Both free-standing thin films and AAO supported composite membranes can obtained. • The CMPs/AAO membranes show selective separation of organic/oil from wastewater. Efficient removal of organic contaminants from wastewater is of great importance for both water resource utilization and environmental remediation. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) membranes by employment of 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene (1,3,5-TEB) and 1,4-Dibromobenzene (DB) as building blocks and Pd (0)/CuI as catalyst through a Sonogashira-Hagihara crosscoupling reaction using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as template. The as-prepared CMPs/AAO composite membranes, which can be fabricated as both free-standing thin films and AAO supported composite membranes, show a honeycomb-like porous network structure with strong hydrophobic and oleophilic wettability. The CMPs/AAO composite membranes exhibit excellent performance for separation of organic contaminants from wastewater. e.g., the removal efficiency of dye can reach ca. 100% with a permeation flux of over 300 L m−2 h−1 bar−1. Furthermore, both the suspended oils and emulsion oils in water can be easily separated by the CMPs/AAO composite membranes with a separation efficiency of up to 99.4%, making them promising candidates as a porous platform with significant potentials for separation and water treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]