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• Synthesis of RCMP@TD-HA with HGM and CMP composite PCM. • RCMP@TD-HA has good light absorption and energy storage capacity. • The RCMP@TD-HA can continue to evaporate after the light source is dimmed. • O-RCMP@TD-HA achieves a 90% evaporation efficiency in oily water. Interfacial evaporation technology powered by solar energy is a clean and efficient solution for various scenarios, including seawater desalination, wastewater treatment, and sterilization. However, the intermittent nature of sunlight remains a challenge that must be overcome. In this study, a novel solar interfacial evaporator (CE) was prepared by mixing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with conjugated microporous polymer hollow spheres (CMP-H) containing the phase change material tetradecanol (TD) and made into a coating, which was coated on an aerogel made of hollow glass microspheres (HGM). The evaporator has an evaporation rate of 1.68 kg·m−2·h−1 at 1 sun irradiation. In addition, our CE demonstrated exceptional continuous evaporation capabilities. For instance, after exposing the CE to two solar intensities for one hour and then turning off, the mass of evaporated water in our CE increased by 0.76 kg·m−2 compared to the CE without phase change material (PCM) until the surface temperature of the CE returned to its initial temperature. Furthermore, to enhance its versatility, the material has been modified to be oleophobic. The modified evaporator material was immersed in oil for 10 min. It was then evaporated in both oily water, achieving an evaporation rate of 1.62 kg·m−2·h−1 at 1 sun irradiation. These distinctive characteristics of our CE not only offer a novel solution to the constraints of the solar interfacial evaporation process caused by the intermittent nature of sunlight but also facilitate the efficient evaporation of oily wastewater, thus expanding the range of solar interfacial evaporation applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Accelerate the adsorption and the enrichment of iodine ions under the simulated light source. • Concentration of iodine ions of collected condensate was decreased three orders of magnitudes. • High photothermal conversion efficiency (95.39%) and water evaporation rate (1.5879 kg m−2 h−1). Solar steam generation has recently received much attention as a new green and environmentally responsible technology for seawater desalination or wastewater treatment. Hence, a novel and efficient strategy is proposed for removal of radioactive iodine ions from wastewater by SSG method using carbonized conjugated microporous polymers (CCMPs) as photothermal conversion materials. Because of the porous structure and strong light absorption of the CCMPs-based interfacial evaporator and the excellent thermal insulation of the expandable polyethylene sponge, CCMP-1 evaporator achieved a high photothermal conversion efficiency (95.39%) and stable water evaporation rate (1.5879 kg m−2 h−1) at one solar irradiation. In addition, the using of green solar energy as evaporation driving force could accelerate the transferring of iodine ions containing water through CMPs derived solar evaporator, which in turn improved the mass transfer. More importantly, the results of interfacial evaporation experiments on aqueous solutions containing iodine ions (0.2 mmol L−1) revealed that the concentration of iodine ions in the collected condensate was only 0.0027 mmol L−1, which decreased nearly three orders of magnitudes of initial concentration. Also, the iodine ions in water were almost completely enriched by the interfacial evaporator CCMP-1. In view of the fact of big challenge of removal of radioactive iodine ions from wastewater, remaining in current technologies, the findings of this study might provide a simple and efficient solution for treatment of radioactive pollutions contained in wastewater using green solar energy as deriving force via the SSG method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The inevitable intermittency of solar illumination during the interfacial evaporation process can cause a reduction in the evaporation performance of solar evaporators. Here, we report the fabrication of a new solar-driven interfacial evaporator using MXene nanosheets as the photothermal layer, modifying them with conjugated microporous polymer hollow microspheres, and then compounding them with the phase change material, in this case, cetyl alcohol, to form a composite evaporator (CE) that can perform all-weather solar interfacial evaporation. By combining interfacial evaporation photothermal conversion with energy storage, the evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 1.57 kg⋅m−2⋅h−1 at a light intensity of 1 kW⋅m−2 and 2.79 kg⋅m−2⋅h−1 at a light intensity of 2 kW⋅m−2. In addition, the evaporator attains an excellent solar evaporation efficiency of over 91% in both cases and even in salt water. In addition, interestingly, our CE exhibits excellent continuous evaporation ability, e.g., the mass of evaporated water was increased by 0.36 kg⋅m−2 at a light intensity of 2 kW⋅m−2 compared to the cavity evaporator without the phase change material (PCM) when solar light was turned off. These results could be attributed to the fact that the energy released by the incorporated phase change material allows the evaporator to maintain stable evaporation under conditions of insufficient or intermittent solar irradiation, potentially providing a new opportunity for addressing the intermittent problem of evaporation at the solar interface due to unstable light intensity, thus showing great potential for practical continuous desalination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports a kind of CMPs membrane named C-CMPs-M−1 that was synthesized by the Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling reaction. The C-CMPs-M−1 has a special "Hamburger" structure composed of ultra-high crosslinked nanotubes and lamellar structures which allows it to be used as a filter for applications in automobile exhaust purification. The superhydrophobicity of C-CMPs-M−1 allow the CMPs-based filter to maintain high efficiency (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ≥99%, and PM 0.3 ˃90%) in harsh conditions such as high humidity (RH: 90% ± 3%). In addition, the superlipophilicity of the membrane endows it excellent oil absorption performance, e.g., high absorption of 907.61 % of its own weight for engine oil was detected and consequently good oil retention performance. [Display omitted] • Using a simple method to prepare a membrane with a special "Hamburger" structure. • The membrane exhibits high filtration efficiency in high humidity environments. • The membrane shows good oil absorption and oil retention properties. • The membrane has a good oil–water separation ability. The purification treatment of automobile exhaust has attracted great attention because of the severe harm of automobile exhaust to the global environment and human health. Herein, inspired by capillarity, we adopted a very simple face-to-face constrained growth method to prepare a conjugated microporous polymers membrane (C-CMPs-M) with a "Hamburger" structure through Sonogashira-Hagihara (S-H) coupling reaction for purification and filtration of gaseous, solid and liquid pollutants in automobile exhaust. Thanks to such a special structure, the C-CMPs-M−1 membrane shows an extremely high efficiency of capture and interception of PM 2.5 and PM 10 (greater than99.5 %) and PM 0.3 (greater than95%) in the exhaust gas obtained at different engine speeds. Unlike those hydrophilic filtration materials which suffer the drawback of less tolerance in high humidity conditions, the unique superhydrophobic chemistry of the CMPs membrane makes it possible to efficiently intercept PM under high humidity conditions, and the filtration efficiency basically remains unchanged within 10 h. More interestingly, the super lipophilicity of the membrane endows it excellent oil absorption performance, e.g., high absorption of 907.61 % of its own weight for engine oil was detected and consequently good oil retention performance was also obtained. It also has a strong absorption performance for the unburned oil mist ejected from the exhaust. Based on its ideal porous structure, high interception efficiency, and good physicochemical stability at high humidity and high temperatures conditions, therefore, our C-CMPs-M−1 shows great potential in automobile exhaust purification applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials with thermal insulation and flame retardant properties are highly sought after in construction industry. In this study, two hollow-structured conjugated microporous polymer spheres (HCMPs) were successfully synthesized via the template method by polymerizing 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene with 3-amino-2,6-dibromopyridine and 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine respectively. To enhance flame retardant properties, HCMPs were impregnated with ethanol-soluble 6 H-dibenzo (C, E) (1,2) phosphine oxide-6-oxide (DOPO) (named as HCMP-FR), which maintains a hollow structure, enabling it to serve as a heat insulator, as observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The two types of HCMP-FR with a thermal conductivity of 0.047 W m−1 K−1 and 0.051 W m−1 K−1 respectively, exhibit excellent thermal insulation property. HCMP-FRs were added in to epoxy resin (EP) composites to further investigate the property of it. Under addition of 1.3%wt HCMP1-FR and HCMP2-FR, the thermal conductivity of EP composites (0.159 W m−1 K−1 and 0.146 W m−1 K−1) decreased by 25.3% and 31.4% compared with pure EP composites respectively, and the density (0.651 g cm−3 and 0.8 g cm−3) decreased by 42.1% and 22.5%, significantly reducing EP's thermal conductivity and density. The cone calorimeter (CC) tests show that the pHRR of EP composites at 0.6%wt addition was 859.04 kW m−2 and 904.35 kW m−2, respectively, which were 17.5% and 13.1% lower than that of pure EP, and the TSP decreased by 44.9% and 41.3% when 1.3% HCMP-FRs was added, which shows an excellent smoke depressing property. Therefore, the HCMP-FRs synthesized have highly promising for application in thermal insulation and flame retardancy of energy saving building. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing global instability in the development of the world, the efficient storage and conversion of energy have alerted attention. In this work, a novel conjugated microporous polymer hollow spheres (CMPHS) with a high specific surface (323 m2 g−1) and unique cavity structure are creatively prepared. By treatment with simple carbonization, the resulting carbonized microspheres (CCMPHS) show a high light absorption (80%) and outstanding thermal stability (thermal decomposition at 506 °C). On basis of the abundant micropores distributed on the surface of microspheres, the organic phase change materials (PCMs) i.e., fatty alcohols (tetradecanol (TD), hexadecanol (HD), and octadecanol (OD)), are successfully embedded into CCMPHS to afford a kind of new composite (CCMPHS@PCMs) for energy storage and conversion. The three kinds of CCMPHS@PCMs exhibit high latent heats (220.1 kJ kg−1, 244.6 kJ kg−1, and 228.8 kJ kg−1, respectively.). In terms of energy conversion, the photothermal conversion efficiencies of CCMPHS@PCMs are up to 86.83%, 89.45%, and 85.40% and the electrothermal conversion efficiencies are 83.81%, 81.10%, and 90.50%, which possess one of the highest values among the most of similar composites embed with PCMs reported to dates. Based on the advantages of simple fabrication, easy to scale up, high energy density, and conversion efficiency, the CCMPHS@PCMs are expected to be one of the most promising candidates as efficient PCMs composite for a variety of practical applications such as solar or electric energy harvesting, storage, conversion, and so on. • Hollow porous polymers spheres prepared by template method. • The CMPHS and CCMPHS exhibits unique nano spherical morphology, abundant porosity. • The CCMPHS shows excellent solar light absorption about 80% at the range of visible light and superior thermal stability which make decomposition at 506 °C. • The CCMPHS@PCMs possesses huge energy density, and storage/conversion potential which possess 90% photothermal conversion and thermoelectric conversion efficiency. • The CCMPHS@PCMs has great advantages for their simple and scalable manufacture process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]