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Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Economicas is the property of Universidad Nacional del Litoral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La universidad pública brasileña ha sido blanco constante y permanente de “ataques” a su autonomía, su desempeño y su funcionamiento, a través de diferentes estrategias, desde contingencias y recortes presupuestarios hasta la difusión de narrativas despectivas y falsificadas y, lo que ha sido percibido como más inquietante, a través de discursos negacionistas que provienen del propio gobierno federal. Al tratarse de un gobierno caracterizado por su orientación político-ideológica de “extrema derecha”, se pretende imponer un pensamiento único, adverso a la crítica y hostil a las contradicciones, dentro de un proyecto neoliberal. Ahora bien, es precisamente ahí donde radica la posibilidad de la universidad para favorecer la transformación social. Es cuando la universidad inquieta, cuestiona, tensiona, señala contradicciones, desarrolla argumentos que su aporte puede ser mayor.

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica is the property of Revista Argentina de Antropologia Biologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista de Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa is the property of Revista de Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the academic field has been improved by numerous contributions related to the concept and measurement of population well-being. Among such improvements, the concept of living conditions has played a central role. In this paper we observe the associations between living conditions and relate this concept to the notion of health contexts based on an eco-epidemiological model. For this purpose, a methodological proposal was developed and applied to the Argentine population, identifying areas of improvement, worsening and persistence of living conditions between 2001 and 2010. Finally, the proposal was validated with a classic indicator of poverty measurement and the course of living conditions was analyzed in the most critical jurisdictions of the territory through the use of an infant mortality indicator that operates on the concept of "poverty diseases". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo plantea en primer lugar un acercamiento a la problemática global de las migraciones a nivel mundial y su relevancia en la coyuntura actual, para poder centrarse en la segunda parte al caso de África. Debido a la complejidad de la cuestión, el trabajo se limita solamente al análisis de la migración laboral. El continente africano azotado por la pobreza, la sequía, las hambrunas y los conflictos políticos conoce una ola sin precedente de movimientos migratorios. En nuestro estudio analizamos en primer lugar el factor económico, como la Inversión Extranjera Directa, como un elemento central para detener el flujo migratorio. Sin embargo, la inestabilidad continental, no permite atraer las inversiones necesarias. La tendencia migratoria en África, como también en el caso de América latina, se ha incrementado drásticamente en la última década y podemos prever un incremento aún más fuerte en los próximos decenios. Los fenómenos socio-políticos ponen de manifiesto que el continente Africano presenta muchos cambios en los patrones que se habían estado viviendo por años. Por mencionar algunos, destacan transformaciones que van desde el cambio de destinos clásicos para la migración, hasta la nueva dinámica de inserción al mercado laboral de los países receptores. El VIH también marca nuevos patrones modificando el estilo de vida de la sociedad. Desgraciadamente la mayoría de ellas presenta un panorama negativo, por lo que se pone de realce que el continente tiene una infinidad de retos que afrontar en pro de un desarrollo que permita mejorar las condiciones de vida de sus habitantes. The article first proposes to analyse the global theme of world migrations and their relevance within the present world situation in order to focus in the second part on the African case. Due to the complexity of the question, the paper only deals with work migration. The African continent, hit by poverty, draughts, famine and political conflicts, presents an unprecedented migration. In our paper we seek to analyse first the economic factor, such ad Direct Foreign Investment, as a central element in order to stop migration flux. However, continental lack of stability does not make it possible to attract the necessary investments. The African migratory trend, as well as the Latin American case, has drastically increased over the last decade and we can foresee an even grater increase in the coming years. Socio-political phenomena show us that the African continent shows many changes in the patterns which had been commonplace in the previous years. Just to mention a few, there are transformations that range from the typical migration destinations to the new dynamics of labour market insertion in the receiving countries. HIV also shows new patters by modifying social lifestyles. Unfortunately, most of them present a negative pattern, and this is why it is highlighted that the continent faces a number of challenges in order to develop and improve its inhabitants standard of living.

Copyright of Revista Katharsis is the property of Institucion Universitaria de Envigado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Poverty, as one of the constraints of social welfare, is among the greatest concerns of countries, multilateral agencies, and society in general. However, international academic consensus regarding the concept, measurement, and international comparability remains distant. As such, this paper seeks to approximate positions on the subject, and propose an indicator that can overcome one-dimensional visions of a polyhedral and multicultural phenomenon. In light of the results, and using data from 121,802 households from the 2012-2017 National Quality of Life Survey, it was evident that in six years, Colombia reduced its incidence of poverty by 7.2 percentage points, the gap by 1.1, and inequality by 1 percentage point, with rural areas and households being affected more frequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this paper is to examine the impact that monetary measures had on social protection (the so-called social benefits) on the living conditions of the Spaniards during the period 1995-2010. In Spain, the analysis of such aid is not new (see, for example, Adelantado and Calderon, 2005, Navarro and Reinolds 2007, Guillen et al. 2012). However, these studies have evaluated how public spending on social transfers reduces the risk of poverty, based on the relationship between income and poverty. In this paper, we go beyond the dichotomous distinction between the population that is at risk of poverty and it is not, through a measurement scale of precariousness. This is in order to observe more accurately the changes in the structural positions of various social groups. El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar la incidencia que tuvieron las ayudas monetarias en protección social (los denominados social benefits) sobre las condiciones de vida de los españoles durante el periodo 1995-2010. En España, el análisis de tales ayudas no es nuevo (ver por ejemplo, Adelantado y Calderón, 2005, Navarro y Reinolds 2007, Guillén et al. 2012). No obstante, dichos trabajos han evaluado cómo el gasto público en transferencias sociales disminuye el riesgo de pobreza, partiendo de la relación entre ingresos y pobreza. En el trabajo, vamos más allá de la distinción dicotómica entre la población que está en riesgo de pobreza y la que no, a través de una medición escalar de la precariedad. Esto se realiza con el fin de observar con mayor precisión los cambios en las posiciones estructurales de diferentes grupos sociales. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2676631

The aim of this paper is to analyze how do the recipients of social crime prevention policies are illustrated, particularly under the concepts of self-worth and dependence, in Argentine during the first decade of the new century. We try to know the ways in which the old question of "danger classes" is re-elaborated on our days. Specifically we try to associate such issue whit the ideas of work and life conditions. We use a qualitative methodological approach to analyze the social crime prevention policies in Argentina during the first decade of the new century. We argue that such interventions stressed in different ways the concepts of self-worth and cut dependence: On the one hand enable a rightful self-reliance's space, regarding the protection of the rights of targeted youth; on the other hand other processes enhance self-responsibility, regarding the neoliberal transformation of social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Economic Studies is the property of University of the West Indies - Mona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the main conclusions of a research project on family care provided to elderly and dependent people in Galicia. Galicia has a high aging rate and a significant socio-demographic contrast between rural and urban areas, making it an interesting environment to examine how family care tasks are combined. This study examines the kind of intrafamily negotiations that lead women, usually unmarried daughters (but not other family members) to carry out caregiving work. Furthermore, it presents the type of working conditions related to family care, as well as their impact on the living conditions and health of the caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the main conclusions of a research project on family care provided to elderly and dependent people in Galicia. Galicia has a high aging rate and a significant socio-demographic contrast between rural and urban areas, making it an interesting environment to examine how family care tasks are combined. This study examines the kind of intrafamily negotiations that lead women, usually unmarried daughters (but not other family members) to carry out caregiving work. Furthermore, it presents the type of working conditions related to family care, as well as their impact on the living conditions and health of the caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are metaphors that are reflected in our everyday language through a group of expressions that refers, in one way or another, to that metaphor. The aim of this paper is to analyze the representations that the inhabitants from two villas miseria located in José Hernández, Argentina, have of their neighborhood and of the city. Considering not the physical but the social distance implied in their everyday journey to the city center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Areas: Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Resumen El desplazamiento forzado en Colombia se ha evidenciado a lo largo de nuestra historia, es una noción continua en el transcurso de la urbanización de las ciudades y de la composición sociodemográfica del país. Bogotá es el principal receptor de personas desplazadas, aunque estas suelen dispersarse en ciertos sectores, como los municipios aledaños a la ciudad, por ejemplo, Soacha. Para analizar este fenómeno se realizaron visitas al barrio Buenos Aires, ubicado en el municipio de Soacha; con la participación de la comunidad se identificaron los problemas actuales en cuanto a espacio público, equipamiento y vivienda. Como respuesta a esta problemática se propone que la solución de la vivienda sea lo más económica posible; como prototipo se plantea una estructura con espacios libres y servicios fijos, la cual se desarrollará según la capacidad económica de cada usuario, y estrategias como vivienda en altura, vivienda progresiva, autoconstrucción y flexibilidad al interior, adaptados a la estructura y las necesidades.Palabras clave: desarrollo participativo, adaptación social, necesidad de vivienda, diseño de vivienda, condiciones de vida, vivienda de interés prioritario (VIP).Flexible prototypes. Housing project in the poor neighborhood of Buenos Aires (Soacha)AbstractForced displacement in Colombia is evident throughout the country’s history; it is a permanent notion in the urbanization process of cities and in the socio-demographic composition of the country. Bogotá is the main recipient of displaced persons, even though they are often dispersed in certain sectors, for example in municipalities surrounding the city, such as Soacha. In order to analyze this phenomenon, numerous visits were carried out to the poor neighborhood of Buenos Aires, located in the municipality of Soacha; with community participation, current problems regarding public space, equipment, and housing were identified. In response to the problem, it is proposed that the housing solution be as economical as possible; as a prototype, the paper proposes a structure with free spaces and fixed services, which will be developed according to the economic capacity of each user. The prototype also recommends strategies such as high-rise housing, progressive housing, auto-construction and flexibility in the interior, adapted to the structure and necessities of users.Keywords: Participatory development, social adaptation, housing needs, housing design, living conditions, priority interest housing (in Spanish, VIP).Protótipos flexíveis. Projeto habitacional no bairro popular Buenos Aires (Soacha)Resumo O deslocamento forçado na Colômbia tem sido visto ao longo da nossa história; é uma noção contínua no transcurso da urbanização das cidades e da composição sociodemográfica do país. Bogotá é a principal receptora de pessoas deslocadas, embora estas costumem se distribuir em certas áreas, como os municípios vizinhos à cidade, por exemplo, Soacha. Para analisar esse fenômeno, foram realizadas visitas no bairro Buenos Aires, localizado no município de Soacha; com a participação da comunidade, foram identificados os problemas atuais quanto a espaço público, equipamento e moradia. Como resposta a essa problemática, propõe-se que a solução da moradia seja a mais econômica possível; como protótipo, apresenta-se uma estrutura com espaços livres e serviços fixos, a qual será desenvolvida segundo a capacidade econômica de cada usuário, e estratégias como moradia em altura, moradia progressiva, autoconstrução e flexibilidade ao interior, adaptadas à estrutura e às necessidades de seus habitantes.Palavras-chave: adaptação social, condições de vida, desenho de moradia, desenvolvimento participativo, moradia de interesse prioritário (VIP, em espanhol), necessidade de moradia.Recibido: enero 21 / 2017 Evaluado: marzo 3 / 2017 Aceptado: mayo 25 / 2017

This paper explores the causal relationship between international migration and living conditions of Colombian households by means of a multidimensional indicator. We used OLS estimation and data for Colombia from the Health and Demography National Survey (ENDS in Spanish) for 2010. We found that living conditions were associated with geographical location and household composition. The descriptive analysis showed that for some states of Colombia there were statistically significant differences between living conditions for households with migrants and households with no migrants. However, the estimated OLS results do not support these findings at national level and differ from other findings in the literature.

A high level of education is often associated with elevated levels of affluence, while low level of educational capital is directly related to higher level of precariousness. Empirical evidence suggests that having more educational capital enables better access to professional status and higher income than when you have a medium or low level of educational attainment. This article discusses carefully recent developments of the relationship of the educational capital with the level of precariousness and affluence of Spanish population between 1995 and 2010. Using data from the ECHP (European Community Household Panel) and SILC (Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) from INE we have built several indicators and index of precariousness / affluence to study the socio-labour and life-space dimensions in relation to the educational capital. A first bivariable analysis of the different dimensions of precariousness is complemented by a subsequent regression analysis in order to identify the influence of various demographic variables on different types of precariousness to detect if they are statistically significant. Un alto nivel educativo suele asociarse con elevados niveles de afluencia, mientras que un bajo nivel de capital educativo se relaciona con mayor nivel de precariedad. Las evidencias empíricas señalan que disponer de más capital educativo posibilita el acceso a un mejor estatus profesional e ingresos superiores que cuando se dispone de un nivel medio o bajo de logro educativo. Este artículo plantea analizar detenidamente la evolución reciente de la relación entre el capital educativo y el nivel de precariedad-afluencia de la población española entre 1995 y 2010. Utilizando los datos procedentes de las encuestas PHOGUE (Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea) y ECV (Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida) del INE se han construido varios indicadores e índices de precariedad/afluencia para estudiar las dimensiones socio-laboral y espacio-vital en relación con el capital educativo. Una primera aproximación bivariable a las diferentes dimensiones de la precariedad se completa con un posterior análisis de regresión con el objetivo de identificar la influencia de diversas variables sociodemográficas sobre los distintos tipos de precariedad considerados a fin de detectar si resultan estadísticamente significativas. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2683977

This article uses a gender perspective and focuses on precarious situations of households with children in the Spanish State. Lone mother households are compared to other households with minor children. The hypothesis is that these households are comparatively more precarious than two-parent households with minor children.Household Panel of the European Union (ECHP) (1995 and 2000) and European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) (2005 and 2010) are used to create four indicators of vital precariousness: Employment, income, housing and health. Comparison of means and general linear models were performed.The results illustrated the greater precariousness of lone mother households. Significant differences of precariousness between lone mothers and mothers in two-parent households are reported. Among the mothers in two parent households, the results outline differences between households with one or two children (less precarious) and the households with three or more children (more precarious). El artículo utiliza una perspectiva de género y se centra en las situaciones de precariedad de los hogares con niños/as en el Estado Español. Se analizan las situaciones de los hogares monomarentales en comparación con el resto de hogares en los que residen niños, bajo la hipótesis de que estas familias se encuentran comparativamente en situaciones más precarias que las de hogares biparentales con niños.A partir del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea (PHOGUE) 1995 y 2000 y la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida 2005 y 2010 (EU-SILC), se crean cuatro indicadores de precariedad vital: laboral, ingresos, vivienda y salud. Se realiza una comparación de medias y modelos generales lineales.Los resultados ilustran la mayor precariedad de los hogares monomarentales, y evidencian la existencia de unas diferencias importantes de precariedad entre las madres de estos hogares y las madres en hogares biparentales, y entre los hogares biparentales numerosos y hogares biparentales no numerosos. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2567202

The aim of this article is to inquire on the processes of generalized precarization through the analysis of women life conditions in Spain between 1995 and 2010. The analysis is based on the statistical treatment of two surveys: the European Community Household Panel (1995 and 2000) and the Life Conditions Survey (2005 and 2010). The commonly accepted hypothesis that women constituted a more precarious social group than men is complexified by introducing other variables (employment-non employment, maternity, age, country of origin…). The text analyses specifically the socio-economic dimension in order to, besides confirm that women access to employment takes always place with more precarious conditions, propose that today’s analysis can not be unlinked from the context of generalized precarization (employment but also life precarization) that is affecting even those who till recently were considered “stable”. El objetivo de este artículo es indagar en los procesos de precarización generalizada a través del análisis de las condiciones de vida de las mujeres en España entre 1995 y 2010. El análisis se apoya en el tratamiento estadístico de dos encuestas: Panel de hogares de la Unión Europea (1995 y 2000) y Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida (2005 y 2010). La hipótesis comúnmente aceptada de que las mujeres forman un grupo social más precario que los varones se verá complejizada con la introducción de otras variables de análisis (empleo-no empleo, maternidad, edad, origen…). El texto analiza específicamente la dimensión socio-económica para, a la vez que confirma que la incorporación de las mujeres al mercado laboral se realiza siempre en condiciones de mayor precariedad, apostar por la necesidad de que el análisis no sea desligado de un contexto de precarización generalizada (del empleo, pero también de la vida) que afecta a quienes hasta ahora eran considerados “estables”. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2674582

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