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Despite the existence of studies addressing the historical development of digital platforms, none of them has yet drawn a coherent and comprehensive interpretation of the emergence of scientific digital platforms. The previous literature (i) focuses on specific scientific practices; (ii) does not reach far enough back into the past; (iii) does not cover all relevant groups of social actors; (iv) does not propose a taxonomy for scientific digital platforms; and (v) does not provide a definition for scientific digital platforms. We propose in this paper a long-term view (from 1990 onwards), allowing us to identify the participation of distinct groups of social actors—within State, Market and Science subsystems—in the process of science platformization. Dialoguing with the most up-to-date literature, we broaden our understanding of the ongoing process of platformization of the research life cycle, proposing a taxonomy and a definition for scientific digital platforms. The evidence provided throughout the paper unveils that (i) the changes (caused by platformization) in each of the phases of the research cycle are not at all linear and are not happening simultaneously; (ii) actors from different subsystem played important roles in the platformization of science; and, (iii) specific categories of platforms have consolidated themselves as infrastructures and certain scientific infrastructures have been platformed, although this varies by category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a change to the remit and title of a UK government department provides a starting point for reflection on the growing role of digital technologies in the re-imagination of UK cultural policy. An early strategic report produced by the re-named DCMS was entitled Culture is Digital. Identifying the UK's cultural and technology sectors as 'the ultimate power couple,' this report directs the cultural sector towards the use of technology to enhance public engagement and to improve technical skills through the development of collaborations with technology companies. Reflecting on the place of DCMS in UK cultural policymaking and drawing on analysis of this report and associated strategic documents, including responses and updates produced in the light of the Covid pandemic, the paper analyses the claims made about the elision between culture and the digital and their consequences for the status of cultural policy within the British state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the innovative concept of platform literacy, specifically within the context of digital platforms. In today's digital economy, where digital platforms are essential tools in people's lives and form the core of the digital ecosystem, the ability to effectively utilize these platforms is becoming crucial. This study systematically examines the existing literature on digital platforms and digital literacy to establish a conceptual foundation for assessing an individual's platform literacy. Drawing upon insights from the digital literacy framework, we propose a platform literacy framework that can be applied in practical settings. Methodologically, we conducted an extensive review of 735 research papers on digital literacies to gather definitions and frameworks. As a result, we identified seven core constructs and three main proficiencies that constitute the platform literacy framework. Moreover, to adapt the framework to the various digital platform contexts, we categorized it into fixed and variable attributes. This paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on digital literacy by offering a comprehensive framework for understanding platform literacy within the digital platform landscape. • Digital platforms are essential tools in people's lives and form the core of the digital ecosystem. • However, despite its importance, the concept of platform literacy is absent in academia. • This study introduces the concept of platform literacy, specifically within the context of digital platforms. • We conducted an extensive review of 735 research papers on digital literacy to gather definitions and frameworks. • This study proposes the platform literacy framework which can be adapted to the various digital platform contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of 5G and Internet of Things technology, this paper proposes the reference architecture of smart factory and its application path for traditional manufacturing enterprises in China, in which the intelligent manufacturing workshop is the core component of smart factory. The Internet of Things technology combined the advanced technologies (Industrial Big Data, WSN, RFID, Cloud Computing Platform) and provides hardware network foundation and technical theory for designing the real-time tracking and monitoring system of intelligent workshop products. The developed system has the advantages of low cost, rapid deployment, and convenient expansion, which traditional manufacturing enterprises realize intelligent management based on IoT application platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing pervasiveness of urban systems and networks utilizing digital technologies for their operation generates enormous amounts of digital traces capable of reflecting in real-time how people make use of space and infrastructures in the city. This is not only transforming how we study, design, and manage cities but opens up new possibilities for tools that give people access to up-to-date information about urban dynamics, allowing them to take decisions that are more in sync with their environment. This paper documents the ongoing LIVE Singapore! project which explores the development of an open platform for the collection, elaboration and distribution of a large and growing number of different kinds of real-time data that originate in a city. Inspired by recent data.gov initiatives, the platform is structured to become itself a tool for developer communities, allowing them to analyze data and write applications that create links between a city's different real-time data streams, offering new insights and services to citizens. Being a compact island based city-state metropolis, Singapore offers a unique context for this study. This paper addresses the value of stream data for city planning and management as well as modalities to give citizens meaningful access to large amounts of data capable of informing their decisions. We describe the technology context within which this project is framed, illustrate the requirements and the architecture of the open real-time data platform to serve as a base for programming the city, and finally we present and discuss the first platform prototype (using real-world data from operators of cellphone networks, taxi fleet, public transport, sea port, airport, and others). Based on this prototype a public showcasing of the project was staged in April 2011 at the Singapore Art Museum and the visual data analytics generated are illustrated in the paper. Finally, we draw some conclusions of technical as well as organizational nature regarding the challenges we faced when working in new ways with real-world, real-time data streams in an urban context that will help inform further development of our as well as of related projects in progressing in disclosing the potential of the wealth of digital data generated by urban systems, networks, and infrastructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]