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The classification rules and regulations allow the single propulsion system that comprises single components of proven reliability and redundant components. Redundancy has been added where experience has indicated that the reliability of the single component has not been not satisfactory in order to assure the uninterrupted ship's operation. Vessel's propulsion system that have been designed and built to comply with the classification rules and IMO regulations are therefore thought to possess an acceptable level of reliability for the safe operation of the vessels. Where a loss of propulsion, even for a short time, may not be tolerated due to the possible undesirable consequences in commercial and environmental terms, then ship owner are driven to resort to more rigorous redundant design in order to reduce the risk. This paper investigates the aspects of more fault-tolerant propulsion systems by means of enhanced machinery redundancy.

By studying the traffic function of port systems from the aspect of logistics, a comprehensive overview is provided, regarding benefits offered by the port in uniting all traffic branches and integrating activities which meet the requirements of the customers and the environment both in its wider and narrower sense. Logistic plays an important role in optimising port functions and in increasing its competitiveness conditioned by greater efficiency and achieving better economic results (offering the best price for customer services) and in connecting the transport chain participants. The study of the transportation chain as part of the logistic chain requires the study of traffic process entities, means introduced in the system of maritime traffic, their requirements and needs and the operating space and time. Studying the importance and position of the port system from the logistic aspect, one can directly influence the organisation and success of cargo distribution. The logistic chain is created by introducing a greater number of entities and mediators in the cargo distribution, thus allowing the flow of goods with very few standstills. By integrating the port system with the environment, and based on the clearly defined interrelations and interdependencies of single elements of the logistic process the logistic chain is created, with the port being an important link as the distribution and logistic centre. The continuity of the cargo flow from the sender to the receiver and the interdisciplinary approach by the participants in its distribution and transportation provides the basic starting point for analysing and studying the port system in the logistic chain.

Where a loss of propulsion, even for a short period of time, may not be tolerated due to the possible undesirable consequences in commercial and environmental terms, then ship owners are driven to resort to more rigorous redundant design in order to reduce the risk. Some tanker owners are currently considering various different redundant solutions. This paper investigates the potential weaknesses of the conventional propulsion systems, and narrowed down the areas of enhancement which can be made in order to make the vessels’ propulsion system even more fault tolerant.