Search

This paper presents a novel concept of Disaster Prevention Design (DPD) and its derived subjects and topics for the safety of folk villages in both Korea and Japan. Nowadays, design concepts are focused on ‘human-oriented nature’ as a whole and this tendency fits to be appropriate for disaster prevention against real dangers of a future society, which is expected to have far more complicated features. On the other hand, convergences have performed with other areas in the field of Information Communication Technology (ICT) so that we can easily find examples like ‘the strategy of ICT-based convergence’ of the Korean Government in 2014. Modern content designs including UI (user interface) and USN (ubiquitous sensor network) have been developed as one of the representative areas of ICT & UD (universal design) convergences. These days this novel concept of convergence is overcoming the existing limitations of the conventional design concept focused on product and/or service. First of all, from that point our deduced topic or subject would naturally be a monitoring system design of constructional structures in folk villages for safety. We offer an integrated model of maintenance and a management-monitoring scheme. Another important point of view in the research is a safety sign or sign system installed in folk villages or traditional towns and their standardization. We would draw up and submit a plan that aims to upgrade signs and sign systems applied to folk villages in Korea and Japan. According to our investigations, floods in Korea and earthquakes in Japan are the most harmful disasters of folk villages. Therefore, focusing on floods in the area of traditional towns in Korea would be natural. We present a water-level expectation model using deep learning simulation. We also apply this method to the area of ‘Andong Hahoe’ village which has been registered with the World Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. Folk village sites include ‘Asan Oeam’, ‘Andong Hahoe’ and ‘Chonju Hanok’ villages in Korea and ‘Beppu Onsen’ village in Japan. Traditional Streets and Markets and Safe Schools and Parks are also chosen as nearby test-beds for DPD based on ICT. Our final goal of the research is to propose and realize an integrated disaster prevention and/or safety system based on big data for both Korea and Japan.

Sensors, equipment, ICT facilities and their corresponding software have a relatively short lifetime relative to that of constructional structure, so these devices have to be continuously fixed or exchanged during maintenance and management. Furthermore, software or analysis tools should be periodically upgraded according to advances in ICT and analysis technology. Conventional monitoring systems have serious problems in that it is difficult for site engineers to modify or upgrade hardware and analysis algorithms. Moreover, we depend on the original system developer when we want to modify or upgrade inner program structures. In this paper, we propose a novel design for integrated maintenance and management of a monitoring system by applying the mobile cloud concept. The system is intended for use in disaster prevention of constructional structures, including bridges, tunnels, and in traditional buildings in a local heritage village, we analyze the status of these structures over a long term or a short-term period as well as in disaster situations. Data are collected over a mobile cloud and future expectations are analyzed according to probabilistic and statistical techniques. We implement our integrated monitoring system to solve the existing problems mentioned above. The final goal of this study is to design and implement a monitoring system for more than 10,000 structures spread within Korea. Furthermore, we can specifically apply the monitoring system presented here to a bridge made from timber in Asan Oeam Village and a traditional house in Andong Hahoe Village to monitor for possible disasters. The entire system design and implementation can be developed on the LinkSaaS platform and the monitoring services can also be implemented on the platform. We prove that the proposed system has good performance by performing a TTA authentication test, web accommodation test, and operation test using emulated data.

Recent years have seen a significant increase in demand for multimedia data over wireless sensor networks for monitoring applications that utilize sensor nodes to collect multimedia data, including sound and video. However, the multimedia streams generate a very large amount of data. When data transmission schemes for traditional wireless sensor networks are applied in wireless multimedia sensor networks, the network lifetime significantly decreases due to the excessive energy consumption of specific nodes. In this paper, we propose a data compression scheme that implements the Chinese remainder theorem to a wireless multimedia sensor network. The proposed scheme uses the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) to compress and split multimedia data, and it then transmits the bit-pattern packets of the remainder to the base station. As a result, the amount of multimedia data that is transmitted is reduced. The superiority of our proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing its performance to that of an existing scheme. The results of our experiment indicate that our proposed scheme significantly increased the compression ratio and reduced the compression operation in comparison to those of existing compression schemes.

Many severe earthquakes have occurred along the main fault lines in the world. In recent years, there has been a high incidence of small- and large-scale earthquakes in our country. These occurrences of earthquakes have become increasingly serious, owing to a degrading earth environment. An earthquake, in general, causes far more serious damages like disruptions in electricity or gas facilities, and fire disasters from its annexed effects than by its vibrations or the shock itself. In this paper, we present a countermeasure and its necessity in safeguarding against fire disasters in regional heritage villages such as “Asan Oeam,” “Jeonju Hanok,” and “Andong Hahoe.” A more systematic and effective strategy for prevention systems against severe fire disasters is proposed after performing various related investigations and analyses of existing domestic and international systems. We investigated the existing fire security systems and their historical records with the tendency of earthquake occurrences in these three folk villages. In this proposal, we present a strategic approach for safeguarding against fire damages in our regional heritage villages derived from ICT (information communication technology)-based DPD (disaster prevention design), after examining the laws and regulations of fire-prevention strategies in Japan, America, and Europe..

Management systems for electronic library have been developed on the basis of Client/Server or ASP framework in domestic market for a long time. Therefore, both service provider and user suffer from their high cost and effort in management, maintenance, and repairing of software as well as hardware. Recently in addition, mobile devices like smartphone and tablet PC are frequently used as terminal devices to access computers through the Internet or other networks, sophisticatedly customized or personalized interface for n-screen service became more important issue these days. In this paper, we propose a new scheme of integrated management system for electronic library based on SaaS and Web Standard. We design and implement the proposed scheme applying Electronic Cabinet Guidelines for Web Standard and Universal Code System. Hosted application management style and software on demand style service models based on SaaS are basically applied to develop the management system. Moreover, a newly improved concept of duplication check algorithm in a hierarchical evaluation process is presented and a personalized interface based on web standard is applied to implement the system. Algorithms of duplication check for journal, volume/number, and paper are hierarchically presented with their logic flows. Total framework of our development obeys the standard feature of Electronic Cabinet Guidelines offered by Korea government so that we can accomplish standard of application software, quality improvement of total software, and reusability extension. Scope of our development includes core services of library automation system such as acquisition, list-up, loan-and-return, and their related services. We focus on interoperation compatibility between elementary sub-systems throughout complex network and structural features. Reanalyzing and standardizing each part of the system under the concept on the cloud of service, we construct an integrated development environment for generating, test, operation, and maintenance. Finally, performance analyses are performed about resource usability of server, memory amount used, and response time of server etc. As a result of measurements fulfilled over 5 times at different test points and using different data, the average response time is about 62.9 seconds for 100 clients, which takes about 0.629 seconds per client on the average. We can expect this result makes it possible to operate the system in real-time level proof. Resource usability and memory occupation are also good and moderate comparing to the conventional systems. As total verification tests, we present a simple proof to obey Electronic Cabinet Guidelines and a record of TTA authentication test for topics about SaaS maturity, performance, and application program features.

This paper aims to discuss improvement strategy of an existing open space at the center of a traditional lowland town, in which local spatial heritage including narrow paths should be preserved. We calculated evacuation times not only of normal persons but also of persons in need of aids on the assumption of street blockades in narrow paths might occur by disaster such as large earthquake also with big fire. In the study area, we thought that the weedy vacant space at the center worked as an efficient evacuation route for residents. Yet, the calculation results showed that the evacuation time of person in need of hard aids was more than we expected in the case of street blockades, although the others could. It means that it is useful to maintain the vacant space at the center in the town in order to secure evacuation without damage of the traditional meanings of the area in lowland, but that the other measurements are also necessary especially for person in need of hard aids.

In this paper, we propose a pioneering concept of DPD(Disaster Prevention Design) to realize a securable society in the future. Features of danger in the future society are expected to be diverse, abrupt occurring, large scale, and complicated ways. Due to increment of dangers with their features of uncertainty, interactivity, complexity, and accumulation, human-oriented design concept naturally participates in activities to prevent our society against disasters effectively. We presented DPD is an essential design activity in order to cope with dangers expected in the future societies as well as realize securable environments. DPD is also an integrated design aids including preemptive protections, rapid preparing, recovery, and interactive cooperation. We also expect these activities of DPD is effective for generation of new values in the market, satisfaction of social needs, expansion of design industry, and a novel chance for development in the future society. Throughout this paper, we submit various aspects of DPD concepts including definition, classification, scope, necessity, strategy, influencing elements, process, and its principle. We expect these concepts will be the seed and/or basement of DPD research for the future works. For the direction of study for DPD in the future, we emphasize alarm system for preemptive protection rather than recovery strategy for the damage occurred. We also need to research about progressive prevention techniques and convergence with other areas of design. In order to transfer the concept of product design from facility-oriented mechanism to human-oriented one, we should develop new kinds of city basis facilities, public-sense design concepts referred to social weak-party, e-Learning content design preparing disasters, and virtual simulation design etc. On the other hand, we have to establish laws and regulations to force central and/or provincial governments to have these DPD strategies applying their regional properties. Modern design activities are expanding to UI(user interface) content design area overcoming the conventional design concept of product and/or service. In addition, designers are recognized as art directors or life stylists who will change the human life and create the social value. DPD can be divided into prevention design, preparedness design, response design, and recovery design. Five strategies for successful DPD are Precaution-oriented, Human-oriented, Sense-oriented, Legislation, and Environment Friendly Strategies.

It has been determined that two-way evacuation routes that connect houses to evacuation sites should be developed to protect residents of historic preservation areas from future disasters. These routes are required because traditional buildings and other historic spatial elements are located close to each other. It is important to understand residents’ perceptions of evacuation routes that connect their houses to temporary safe places to develop evacuation system strategies that include effective two-way evacuation routes. This paper describes a procedure used to construct a two-way evacuation route database designed to preserve two study areas that was based on an interview survey conducted with area residents. The resulting database contained residents’ perceptions of evacuation routes. The database contains categorized spatial problems related to these routes that can be used for future research.

Conventional content management systems are independently developed for a specific field in general. Therefore usage of contents for the CMS will be limited to the corresponding CMS field. These characteristics might reveal a defect that CMS could not support effectively in exchange and sharing of information between CMSs. On the other hand, metadata standardization shows big differences in method and representation for the fields of CMS because all metadata standardizations are variously performed according to applications of them. There are lots differences that make interoperability between CMSs impossible. In this paper, we propose a novel metadata schema based on METS(metadata encoding and transmission standard) so that metadata standardization can be fulfilled in reality and solved the problem of duplicated contents created from different CMSs. This framework of integrated metadata proposed here can offer an interoperability between contents created by different CMSs, and discard duplicated contents. As a result of the proposed technology, we obtain 0.5% duplication rate from traditional 10.3%. In addition the filtering ability of duplicated contents shows from 92% to 96%, which proves the effectiveness and stability of the proposed technology.

Recently, sudden interests of mobile cloud computing as well as conventional internet environment are rapidly increased as cloud computing spread out in our web society. Mobile devices including smart phone are rapidly changing in a wholesale way that covers hardwares, applications, and services. However, the Internet access using mobile device is not quite smooth in this local mobile internet environment which suffers from lack of understanding and observance of Web Standards. Although most of domestic web sites are developed focusing on various functions and eye-catching designs, this should became one of the main factors that make the usability and accessability decrease when accessing web with smart phones or table PCs. Therefore, this paper suggested a web interface that considered usability and accessability under mobile cloud environment and we tried to prove it via usability test. It could be found that there was an improvement of usability of interface of the main page that has been optimized to the mobile device environment suggested from the previous research we present, but this paper aimed to prove a usability improvement of total website as a whole by performing the usability test on the entire website. Selecting a special website optimized for mobile cloud computing, we prove an improvement of usability and accessibility. Therefore, we offer a guideline about user interface design applications to developers or companies who want to construct mobile website.

Currently, the library system using the method of the software on the client / server and ASP by providing services in a manner of hardware and software, and cross-referencing, installation and deployment, Customization, Upgrade, risk management, and software licenses across the high-cost management of difficult and costly There is a problem. To solve these problems, SaaS based Integrated Management System for Digital Library, multi-tenant environments(SaaS Maturity Level 3 and above) as a key element in the implementation were developed. Therefore, almost no initial investment cost, easy, simple, low-cost IT services available on SaaS based software on-demand service model of how the system is implemented.

Recently, an introduction of the cloud computing causes rapid changes in every aspect of the internet environments including hardware, operating systems, applications, and their services. As the cloud computing environment based on SaaS are being developed to a form in which web platform technology and web cloud services are converged. The digital library system also has been being developed to a service model optimized to SaaS based cloud computing environment, which are different from ASP technology. From the web interface point of view, user customization of the SaaS based cloud computing environment is the most important fact. Therefore, this research work suggests a customized web interface considering usability and accessibility so that enterprises and individual users can be able to do an effortless internet browsing under the cloud computing environment. For this purpose, usability tests were carried out as the user customized web interface design were developed and applied to the LinkSaaS website. This paper work lastly presents an UI environment on which customized interface design for individual users can be formulated.

Although the amount of UCC(user created content) rapidly grows nowadays, there are various problems in authoring, distribution and management of this abundant content because the platforms for fabrication and replaying content are not compatible and the authoring environments are not sufficiently interoperable with other site or with each other. In this paper, we propose a CPMS(content publication and management system) scheme improved in interoperability to solve these problems, and we design a novel system enhancing the efficiency and speed of content distribution and management by minimizing the repetitions in the processes of production, reshaping, and publication. Moreover the proposed system adopts an improved content management technology by changing from simple point-to-point method to the centralized distribution method, and as for the service scheme, we change from the site link method to the database link method, and we also take duplex interlink scheme instead of simplex one. We finally compare the proposed system to the conventional ones as points of view of compatibility and interoperability to prove the improved performance of our system.

In this paper, we present a structure of personalized e-Learning system to study for a test formalized by uniform multiple-choice using on/off-line mixed estimations as is the case of Driver’s License Test in Korea. Using the system a candidate can study toward the license through the Internet (and/or mobile instruments) within the personalized concept based on IRT(item response theory). The system accurately estimates user’s ability parameter and dynamically offers optimal evaluation problems and learning contents according to the estimated ability so that the user can take possession of the license in shorter time. In order to establish the personalized e-Learning concepts, we build up 3 databases and 2 agents in this system. Content DB maintains learning contents for studying toward the license as the shape of objects separated by concept-unit. Item-bank DB manages items with their parameters such as difficulties, discriminations, and guessing factors, which are firmly related to the learning contents in Content DB through the concept of object parameters. User profile DB maintains users’ status information, item responses, and ability parameters. With these DB formations, Interface agent processes user ID, password, status information, and various queries generated by learners. In addition, it hooks up user’s item response with Selection & Feedback agent. On the other hand, Selection & Feedback agent offers problems and content objects according to the corresponding user’s ability parameter, and re-estimates the ability parameter to activate dynamic personalized learning situation and so forth.

This paper presents a novel method to construct a personalized e-Learning system based on dynamic estimations of item parameters and learners' abilities, where the learning content objects are of the same intrinsic quality or homogeneously distributed and the estimations are carried out using IRT(Item Response Theory). The system dynamically connects the test and the corresponding learning procedures. Test results are directly applied to estimate examinee's ability and are used to modify the item parameters and the difficulties of learning content objects during the learning procedure is being operated. We define the learning unit 'Node' as an amount of learning objects operated so that new parameters can be re-estimated. There are various content objects in a Node and the parameters estimated at the end of current Node are directly applied to the next Node. We offer the most appropriate learning Node for a person's ability throughout the estimation processes of IRT. As a result, this scheme improves learning efficiency in web-base e-Learning environments offering the most appropriate learning objects and items to the individual students according to their estimated abilities. This scheme can be applied to any e-Learning subject having homogeneous learning objects and unidimensional test items. In order to construct the system, we present an operation scenario using the proposed system architecture with the essential databases and agents.

Internet connection through mobile web has been abruptly increased with the recent universalities of smart phone and tablet PC. On the other hand, it might be more difficult to have free surfing internet, smoothly running mobile web and/or easily approaching various mobile sites because there are a lot of domestic web sites that do not keep the web standard. They just seem to obey various performing capabilities and outfit design. This will be the main reason of decreasing usability and accessibility when tablet PCs and mobile terminals are connecting to the Internet. In this paper, we propose a novel method of mobile web interface to improve its usability and accessibility optimized for mobile environment. Our interface tool can be easily used by industrial or individual users to access various web sites through tablet PC's or other mobile communication media. Applying the proposed interface to a company web site, which is the final focus of this paper, we prove its advanced performance and increased usability. And then we offer this new direction of user interface design to the developers of industrial or individual mobile web sites.