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This research aims to identify students’ ability to complete the TIMSS test of light content. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data were obtained from 95 students in 3 different classes. The TIMSS test that was given to the student consisted of 5 multiple choices and 2 essay. The results of this research show that the student’s ability are good in completing the TIMSS test of light content with the right answer of multiple choice percentage is higher that the percentage of either wrong answer or not answer. The result of essay also shows the percentage of the appropriate answer, appropriate and complete answer are higher that student’s inappropriate answer, not quite appropriate or not answer

Science literacy shows that students should be familiar with the most basic principles of science, one of which is Newton's Law. The purpose of this research is to determine the ability of high school students in Newton's Law of science literacy using a test based on Nature Of Science (NOS). The NOS-based instrument consists of 25 multiple-choice test items with 4 alternative options modified by Nature of Science Literacy Test (NOSLiT) and is specifically developed on Newton's Law. The subjects of this study are 110 high school students of the IPA program. Data collection techniques were performed using tests based on NOS-based instruments and interviews using questionnaires. The method of his research used descriptive qualitative. The results show that the average percentage of students who answered correctly was 38.73% of 110 students. The highest average percentage was shown in the scientific disposition framework is 53.33% of students answered correctly, and the lowest in the major misconception about science framework is 23.93%. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that students who can't answer correctly about the NOS are the students who are less able to understand the language of the questions presented in the instrument NOS. Other factors that influence student performance in answering questions on the NOS are knowledge of science that is still less widespread, low student understanding and still many misconceptions on Newton's law. It can be said that the student has a low literacy ability in science.

Nature of Science Literacy Test (NOSLiT) is an instrument to measure students' understanding on scientific facts so they fulfilled the success of science literacy in high school students. The purpose of this research was to find out students' science literacy based on NOSLiT instruments. The method used for this research is descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative. This research samples were 29 students of 10st grade drawn from one public school in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The result showed that majority of the students have reached the science literacy while few of them have not fulfilled the requirements yet. Students have fulfilled frameworks such as science nomenclature, experimental ability and basic observation, scientific postulate, and rules of scientific evidence in such a large number. While frameworks such as scientific disposition and major misconception about science were still in small number. Science literacy values familiarity as well. Students taken as samples for this research were not really familiar with the type of questions asked during the science literacy test. Thus, their result was still below the average students in United States. The average of science literacy for student in X Science 4 with NOSLiT instrument is 57.14%.

Momentum and impulse are one of the material that often experienced difficulties by students. This happens because students' ability to understanding the concept is different. Conceptual understanding is very important for students, as the basis of scientific literacy. The aims of this research were to analyze students' understanding level and scientific literacy competencies on momentum and impulse. This research used the descriptive survey method. The subjects of this research were 28 students of physics education program from Universitas PGRI Madiun. Subjects consist of 1st semester (9 students) and 3rd semester (19 students) who have received the Basic Physics course previously. Subjects determined by using random sampling techniques. Data collected using test and interview. The results showed that 40.18% students categorized in misunderstanding and 27.68% students have scientific literacy competencies. Some students do not understand the concept correctly, even though the material has been taught before. Misunderstanding can arise because the material that has been taught not associated with its application in daily life and not presented in various form of representation. The results of this research can be used as a reference for lecturers to determine the appropriate strategies that improve students' understanding of momentum and impulse.

This research is aimed to analyze the effect of students' conception toward science process skill. This is a descriptive research with subjects of the research were 10th-grade students in Surakarta from high, medium and low categorized school. The sample selection uses purposive sampling technique based on physics score in national examination four latest years. Data in this research collecting from essay test, two-tier multiple choice test, and interview. Two-tier multiple choice test consists of 30 question that contains an indicator of science process skill. Based on the result of the research and analysis, it shows that students' conception of heat and temperature affect science process skill of students. The students' conception that still contains the wrong concept can emerge misconception. For the future research, it is suggested to improve students' conceptual understanding and students' science process skill with appropriate learning method and assessment instrument because heat and temperature is one of physics material that closely related with students' daily life.