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Savvy social orders have an expanding interest for quality-arranged administrations and framework in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) worldview. Savvy urbanization faces various difficulties. Among them, made sure about vitality Demand Side Management (DSM) is of specific concern. The IIoT renders the mechanical frameworks to malware, digital assaults, and other security chances. The IIoT with the mixture of Big Data investigation can give effective answers for such difficulties. This paper proposes a made sure about and trusted multi-layered DSM motor for a shrewd social society utilizing IIoT-based Big Data examination. The proposed motor uses an incorporated way to deal with accomplish ideal DSM over a Home Area Network (HAN). To upgrade the security of this motor, a payload-based confirmation conspire is used that depends on a lightweight handshake component. Our proposed strategy uses the lightweight highlights of Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) to encourage the customers in observing different assets dwelling over the worker in a vitality productive way. Likewise, information streams are handled utilizing Big Data examination with MapReduce equal preparing. The proposed confirmation approach is assessed utilizing NetDuino Plus 2 loads up that yield a lower association overhead, memory utilization, reaction time and a vigorous safeguard against different vindictive assaults.

Internet of Things (IoT) devices have connected millions of houses around the globe via the internet. In the recent past, threats due to hardware Trojan (HT) in the integrated circuits (IC) have become a serious concern, which affects IoT edge devices (IoT-ED). In this paper, the possibility of the IoT-ED with embedded HT that can cause serious security, privacy, and availability problems to the IoT based Home Area Network (HAN) has been discussed. Conventional network attack detection techniques work at the network protocol layers, whereas IoT-ED with HT can lead to the peculiar manifestation of attack at the physical and/or firmware level. On the other hand, in the IC design, most of the HT-based attack detection techniques require design time intervention, which is expensive for many of the IoT-ED and cannot guarantee 100% immunity. The argument in this paper is that the health of modern IoT-ED requires a final line of defense against possible HT-based attacks that goes undetected during IC design and test. The approach is to utilize power profiling (PP) and network traffic (NT) data without intervening into the IC design to detect malicious activity in HAN. The proposed technique is to effectively identify multiple attacks concurrently and to differentiate between different types of attacks. The IoT-ED behaviors for five different types of random attacks have been studied, including covert channel, DoS, ARQ, power depletion, and impersonation attacks. Data fusion has been leveraged by combining the PP and NT data and is able to detect, without design time intervention, each of the five attacks individually with up to 99% accuracy. Moreover, the proposed technique can also detect all the attacks concurrently with 92% accuracy. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first work where multiple HT based attacks are concurrently detected in IoT-ED without requiring any design time intervention.

Smart grid is an intelligent power distribution system that employs dual communication between the energy devices and the substation. Dual communication helps to overseer the internet access points, energy meters, and power demand of the entire grid. Deployment of advanced communication and control technologies makes smart grid system efficient for energy availability and low-cost maintenance. Appropriate algorithms are analyzed first for the convenient grid to have proper routing and security with a high-level of power transmission and distribution. Information and Communication Technology plays a significant role in monitoring, demand response, and control of the energy distribution. This paper presents a broad review of communication and network technologies with regard to Internet of Things, Machine to Machine Communication, and Cognitive radio terminologies which comprises 5G technology. Networks suitable for future smart-grid are compared with respect to standard protocols, data rate, throughput, delay, security, and routing. Approaches adopted for the smart-grid system has been commended based on the performance and the parameters observed. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Because traditional electronics cannot directly use the alternating output voltage and current provided by electric field energy harvesters, harvesting systems require additional regulating and conditioning circuits. In this field, this work presents a conditioning circuit, called serial switch-only rectifier (SSOR) for low-voltage electric field energy harvesting (EFEH) applications. The proposed approach consists of a tubular topology harvester mounted on the outer jacket of a 230 V three-wires electrical cable (neutral, ground, and phase), in which terminals are connected to SSOR. We compare SSOR performance with classic electronic approaches, such as a full-bridge rectifier and voltage doubler. Experimental findings showed that the gathered energy by a 1 m cylindrical harvester increased in approximately 73.3% using the SSOR as a power management circuit. Experimental findings showed that the gathered energy by a 1 m cylindrical harvester increase in approximately 73.3% using the SSOR as a power management circuit. This increase is principally due to the fact that a serial bidirectional switch disconnects the harvester from the rest of the management circuit, enhancing the charge collection process. Although simulated results disclosed that SSOR increased collected energy for smaller-scale harvesters (experimental tests obtained using a 10 cm cylindrical harvester), additional losses in bidirectional switch reduced its performance. In addition, we introduce a comprehensive analysis of EFEH systems based on SSOR according to the mains frequency for future power systems.

The 5G technology has raised new security issues in the new communication paradigm as there are more devices in the network. Internet-of-Things devices, including smart home devices, will be allowed to connect, communicate, and share data faster than ever. In the context of a Home Area Network (HAN) where smart home appliances are monitored and controlled in real-time, the explosive growth of networked devices poses an elevated security threat to data provenance. This paper focuses on data provenance issues in a HAN within a smart metering infrastructure. We propose a comprehensive yet efficient solution to guarantee that the reported energy usage is collected from the real appliance as claimed, at the designated location, and that it reflects the real consumption by the appliance.

Smart societies have an increasing demand for quality-oriented services and infrastructure in an industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) paradigm. Smart urbanization faces numerous challenges. Among them, secured energy demand-side management (DSM) is of particular concern. The IIoT renders the industrial systems to malware, cyberattacks, and other security risks. The IIoT with the amalgamation of big data analytics can provide efficient solutions to such challenges. This paper proposes a secured and trusted multi-layered DSM engine for a smart social society using IIoT-based big data analytics. The major objective is to provide a generic secured solution for smart societies in IIoT environment. The proposed engine uses a centralized approach to achieve optimum DSM over a home area network. To enhance the security of this engine, a payload-based authentication scheme is utilized that relies on a lightweight handshake mechanism. Our proposed method utilizes the lightweight features of the constrained application protocol to facilitate the clients in monitoring various resources residing over the server in an energy-efficient manner. In addition, data streams are processed using big data analytics with MapReduce parallel processing. The proposed authentication approach is evaluated using NetDuino Plus 2 boards that yield a lower connection overhead, memory consumption, response time, and a robust defense against various malicious attacks. On the other hand, our data processing approach is tested on reliable datasets using Apache Hadoop with Apache Spark to verify the proposed DMS engine. The test results reveal that the proposed architecture offers valuable insights into the smart social societies in the context of IIoT.

The Internet of Things is rapidly becoming reality. Currently, a variety of technologies co-exist in large-scale deployments yet pervasive connectivity between things is still an open issue. Several IP capable protocol stacks are emerging to address these issues; however, no systematic evaluations regarding integration and scalability exists in the literature. This work looks to analyze the performance of one of the latest protocol stacks focusing on home area networks: the Thread stack.

In this paper, we present a secure system to control devices at home through the web, which we implement based on the Do It Yourself (DIY) culture. We use a model based on the Goal Question Metric approach to evaluate the quality of our system. Given that we are now in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), security must be at the same level or even in a higher priority than other aspects such as speed, size, and power consumption. The objective of this work is to verify that acceptable levels of confidentiality, integrity, availability, access control, authentication and non-repudiation can be guaranteed in open platforms such as Arduino, Galileo, Energia, Tiva C, among others. Taking into account these platforms, we developed a system with access control that implements motion detection, light control, and generates a power consumption record. The results show a comparison between our security implementation and other authors’ implementation. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. We would like to thank the anonymous WEA reviewers for their comments and feedback on the ideas in this paper and Tecnologica de Bolivar University for their support.

Smart meters (SMs) are key components of the smart grid (SG) which gather electricity usage data from residences and businesses. Home area networks (HANs) are used to support two-way communications between SMs and devices within a building such as appliances. This can be implemented using power line communications (PLCs) via home wiring topologies. In this paper, a bottom-up approach is designed and a HAN-PLC channel model is obtained for a split-phase power system which includes branch circuits, an electric panel with circuit breakers and bars, a secondary transformer and the wiring of neighboring residences. A cell division (CD) method is proposed to construct the channel model. Furthermore, arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) and ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) circuit breaker models are developed. Several HAN-PLC channels are presented and compared with those obtained using existing models.

In this paper we present an approach to transform Home Area Network (HAN) model, described in SDL (Specification and Description Language), into DTPromela (Discrete-Time Promela) model. The aim is to prepare the DTPromela model in order to verify and validate our system and to check some of its properties, using the model checking techniques with Discrete-Time SPIN. Firstly, we translate manually the SDL model into an intermediate format IF. Then we use the if2pml tool to get the DTPromela model. This work presents the main steps of this translation, and focuses especially on the SDL constructs which cannot be represented trivially in DTPromela.

Among the principals for securing smart grid infrastructure, accountability is one with lesser addressed concepts in smart grid literature. Even further, studies in the home area network are lacking in enforcement of accountable mechanisms as assigning responsibilities for devices’ actions are generally made the responsibility of the utility. This paper addresses accountability of devices in the home area network by providing a witness-based method for more accurate monitoring and estimation of the energy usage for devices whose power consumption varies while these devices are powered on. Algorithm analysis and simulation results show that the method is effective, and the method is well within the acceptable rate of error based on today's standards of estimation without need of previous knowledge of device profiles. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This paper proposes a redundancy optimization method for smart grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to realize economy and reliability targets. AMI is a crucial part of the smart grid to measure, collect, and analyze data about energy usage and power quality from customer premises. From the communication perspective, the AMI consists of smart meters, Home Area Network (HAN) gateways and data concentrators; in particular, the redundancy optimization problem focus on deciding which data concentrator needs redundancy. In order to solve the problem, we first develop a quantitative analysis model for the network economic loss caused by the data concentrator failures. Then, we establish a complete redundancy optimization model, which comprehensively consider the factors of reliability and economy. Finally, an advanced redundancy deployment method based on genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to solve the proposed problem. The simulation results testify that the proposed redundancy optimization method is capable to build a reliable and economic smart grid communication network.

Four Wireless-Sensors-Network channels were transmitted over 50m GI-POF and 12m wireless together with a WLAN signal, 9 64-QAM LTE-A bands with reduced PAPR, and 1.66Gb/s 4-PAM baseband signal for multi-standard wired-wireless smart-home and in-home networks.

There are emerging opportunities for distributed, composite services, based on the combination of smart homes, networked consumer devices, third-party services, and social, geographical or commercial collaborations. However, current home automation technology tends to focus on the single-home solution, rather than enabling home users to securely share and easily manage the resources and services of their home area network. This article describes a new federated home architecture that addresses these needs, reports on prototyping to date, and provides an overview of several important technologies for the next generation of federated homes. Our vision is to support a future of user-centric device and service sharing from home to home across the Internet, in a way that does not rely on centralized authority but supports a web of secure, peer-wise trusted relationships between consumers.

Securing the network communication for the smart grid, it is important that a secure key distribution and management scheme is needed. Advanced metering Infrastructure (AMI) is considered as integral part of the smart grid that collects and analyzes the information of energy consumption using the communication network. In order to achieve data confidentiality, privacy, and authentication in AMI, various crypto algorithms are used, such as demand key distribution and management schemes. Investigation on properly designed key distribution and management scheme for securely gathering both individual and aggregated meter’s readings is one of the critical requirements. In this paper, we propose a secure key distribution for Home Area Network (HAN) in smart grid. In this paper, we propose a new key distribution and management scheme, which uses identification scheme of Wu – Hsu and tailored to smart grid. We also give the scheme for key update/freshness and key revocation. Specifically, a group ID based mechanism is proposed to establish the keys for a large amount of users with small overload.

International audience; Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) serve as a key enabling technology for various smart initiatives, such as Smart Power Grids, by virtue of providing a self-organized wireless communication superhighway that is capable of monitoring the health and performance of system assets as well as enabling efficient trouble shooting notifications. Despite this promise, the current routing protocols in WMNs are fairly limited, particularly in the context of smart initiatives. Additionally, managing and upgrading these protocols is a difficult and error-prone task since the configuration must be enforced individually at each router. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) shows promise in this regard since it enables creating a customizable and programmable network data plane. However, SDN research to date has focused predominantly on wired networks, e.g., in cloud computing, but seldom on wireless communications and specifically WMNs. This paper addresses the limitations in SDN for WMNs by allowing the refactoring of the wireless protocol stack so as to provide modular and flexible routing decisions as well as fine-grained flow control. To that end, we describe an intelligent network architecture comprising a three-stage routing approach suitable for WMNs in uses cases, such as Smart Grids, that provides an efficient and affordable coverage as well as scalable high bandwidth capacity. Experimental results evaluating our approach for various QoS metrics like latency and bandwidth utilization show that our solution is suitable for the requirements of mission-critical WMNs.

Electricity transmission and distribution in most of the countries are needed to be improved by the construction of new networks. These improvements are not that much cost effective and if cost is tried to be reduced then the quality and efficiency of the system is compromised which is not suitable at all for the current system. In addition obtaining planning permission and carrying out construction is so much difficult in busy cities. The main objective of this research is to monitor and control frequency deviation. A simple MATLAB controlling and monitoring system is being developed and the ARDUINO DAQ card is used to calculate the frequency deviation. The purpose of respective research is basically based on a dummy load which is used to show the usage of particular equipment’s used in a home such as fridge, freezer ,oven , lighting system, and domestic wet appliances such as washer dryer which are attached these to a DAQ and then to a controlling and monitoring GUI MATLAB based. However, this research is focused on the monitoring and controlling of the frequency deviation.

This paper describes the current home networking technologies, some background to their origins, a brief review of how they work and what benefits they bring to the home. Each review concludes with the advantages and disadvantages of the particular networking technology. The role of residential gateways is described, along with example architectures. Finally, some of the Internet-aware devices which are available today are discussed.

In the smart grid infrastructure based power systems, it is necessary to consider the demand side management to enhance the energy reduction and system control. In many countries the resources are very less so the available resources have to be used in an efficient manner without any loss. The total loss cannot be avoided but it can be reduced. In the proposed system, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to distribute the power in the smart grid. Here, the grids are arranged in such a way that the losses in it are reduced. The load connected to the grid is rearranged according to their use. It uses a new and stochastic scheduling technique to handle the uncertainties in the power system. Solar and wind power are taken in account for twenty four hours and the values are given to the PSO algorithm. The experiment was conducted by MATLAB and the results show that the efficiency level of wind and solar power systems was increased by an appreciable level. The proposed technique is compared with the normal system without using Demand Side Management (DSM) and it shows that the proposed system gives better results than the existing systems.

This article introduces the concept of the ATM Warren. The Warren is an arbitrary mesh subnetwork of very simple ATM switches and end stations connected to the wide-area B-ISDN at one or more points. The Warren differs from other ATM networks in that both switches and end stations are designed to be implemented entirely in hardware with all control software banished to external computers.

This paper presents GRiNGA, a middleware based on service-oriented grids to support the development of interactive TV applications. The nodes of GRiNGA are typically personal devices of a Home Area Network (HAN), such as notebooks and mobile phones, which can be accessed by a settop box with Ginga middleware, the standard component of the Brazilian Digital Television System (SBTVD). GRiNGA (Grid + Ginga) takes advantages of idle resources from HAN devices, in order to improve the execution of more demanding interactive applications.

The electricity industry is entering a new era, which adds powerful and innovative features to the current power grid. Home area networks (HAN) are integral in the operation of this cyber-physical infrastructure and has generally been considered one of the most insecure and vulnerable areas of the smart grid. Literature in the area is lacking and accountability in the HAN is seldom discussed. In this paper, accountability in the HAN is studied. We propose a method, which provides for grouping and inspection of the devices in a HAN in order to pinpoint malicious devices efficiently therein. With this, a higher level of fine-grained accountability can be achieved in the smart grid HAN. The experimental results show that the method is effective in its efficiency and scheme.

The machine to machine communication in Home Area Network (HAN) having a great impact on building a powerful smart grid. With recent advances in M2M technologies, SG smart meters are not only collecting the information about the energy consumed, but also detailed energy consumption pattern and also used for analyzing future demand of utilities. Information and communication technology is playing very important role in transforming Power grids to Smart grid. However, there are many challenges in the design of the Smart grid communications network whereby the electrical appliances and smart meters are able to exchange information pertaining to varying power requirements. Furthermore, different types of M2M gateways are required at different points of the SG communication network. This article surveys a number of existing communication technologies that can be adopted for M2M communication in HAN for SG and also explained the various challenges that the M2M communication in HAN for Smart Grid is facing. Furthermore, a possible solution to deal with these challenges and to improve Machine to machine communication in HAN for Smart Grid is also presented.

60GHz radio coverage is extended using low-cost multipoint-to-multipoint RoF architectures based on optical or electrical splitter. These infrastructures are compared in terms of EVM and real-time signals transmissions between commercial devices working at 3Gbit/s. Finally, improvements based on innovative SiGe photoreceptors are proposed.

Advances in Home Area Network (HAN) technologies have afforded end users increased convenience in performing everyday activities. However, even seemingly trivial issues can cause great annoyance for the novice user who lacks domain expertise of often complex HANs that underpin these advances. A key challenge lies in assisting novice users in understanding and monitoring of the obscure and complex HAN. This research proposes a framework to leverage domain expert knowledge to enable real time semantic up-lift in supporting novice end-users to understand and monitor the home area network. This presents a significant opportunity to increase user satisfaction and reduce associated support costs. This semantic approach has been designed and implemented in an early prototype of our Home Area Network Monitoring System (HANMS). This paper presents a detailed description of the current state of the research, an initial evaluation, and future work.

With the advance of home networking technologies, people now enjoy increased communications convenience whilst occasionally suffering annoyance from trivial issues. The automated application of appropriate expertise can support ordinary users in managing and diagnosing their own network, despite being unfamiliar with the basic technologies. This presents a significant opportunity to increase user satisfaction and reduce support costs. As a part of my PhD research, this paper proposes an expert knowledge derived approach to manage, diagnose and resolve network problems in real time through a user-friendly visual interface derived from semantically annotated heterogeneous raw network monitoring data. This approach has been implemented in an early prototype - Home Area Network Monitoring System (HANMS). A detailed description of the current stage of this research and future work is addressed in this paper.

Smart Grid (SG) technology aims at bringing the world's aging electric grids into the twenty first century. To this end, the current power grids require to be overlayed with a robust communications system. Home Area Network (HAN) is an important part of the SG communications framework through which the end-users are able to communicate with the electricity provider. In a HAN, there is typically a smart-meter and a number of electric appliances. Most of the proposals to-date have agreed upon using IEEE 802.15.4 wireless technology dubbed as ZigBee for the HAN communications amongst the smart meter and the various electric appliances. Although ZigBee provides few security features, the technology still suffers from a number of security vulnerabilities, particularly in case of SG HAN. In this paper, we describe a HANIdentifier (HANId) conflict attack against ZigBee for HAN communications and demonstrate the impact of the attack on SG communications through computer simulations. Finally, we also envision an appropriate framework to prevent the attack.

As the Home Area Network (HAN) evolves, there is an increase in both the number and diversity of device deployment. This includes embedded devices whose resource constraints do not permit the efficient performance of high level middleware functionality. We herein present the functionality and knowledge representations required to enable such “simpleware” devices to be dynamically represented by proxy within our Nexus middleware framework. We also present a use case to illustrate the proposed solution.

Home NodeB is a technology defined by 3GPP organization to realize a home area network. In the traditional structure of Home NodeB technology, one Home NodeB just has one single gateway to transmit each session, and hasn’t taken the transmission quality into account. By improving the traditional structure of Home NodeB, this article proposes a new structure based on policy. This structure adds a new device which is created based on traditional policy server. Before each transmission from Home NodeB to gateway, Home NodeB needs send request to the policy server firstly, according to which Home NodeB can finish self-management and self-configuration ability. Thus ensure the whole network runs in a steady and affluent environment. Policy arithmetic is the key that applying policy server. This passage use arithmetic of Load Balancing as policy arithmetic’s leader. Combining Load Balancing into the policy based Home NodeB structure, policy arithmetic can have a steady running environment.

This paper analyzes the security concerns of IEEE 802.11 WLAN based mesh networking for the home scenario. The paper also provides a novel solution to setup the wireless home area network (WHAN) with minimal user intervention. The proposed solution makes use of the concept of resurrecting duckling. Once the network is setup the proposed solution takes care that not only data but also management and control/signaling are secured. The paper also presents a security analysis of the novel solution.

The cost of asynchronous transfer mode technology is falling while its deployment is growing. Once regarded as a technology strictly for rates above 100 Mbps, ATM may now be considered for any networking scenario where multimedia and real-time are important. We look at a possible deployment path for ATM technology in the home and explain some of our practical work. These are both based on dumb ATM devices which can be built for low cost. The style of operation and method of control of these dumb devices uses the approach of the ATM Warren. The Warren is a method of building low cost ATM devices and switches where the cost savings are achieved by using fixed VCI values in end stations and by using proxy control from a single processor, rather than local control processors in each device or switch.