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Face-detection methods based on cascade architecture have demonstrated a fast and robust performance. In most of these methods, each node of the cascade employs the simple Haar-like features from the central eye-nose-mouth region using the boosting method. However, it can be empirically observed that, in the deeper nodes of the boosting process, the non-face examples collected by bootstrapping are in fact very similar to the face examples, and the error rate of those feature-based weak classifiers is very close to 50%. Consequently, the performance of the face detector is hardly further improved. In this paper, we propose a novel and simple solution to this problem by imitating the characteristics of the human visual system. The main idea of our solution is to boost the cascade based on a hierarchical strategy, which employs the information from the central and surrounding parts of the face regions step by step. We argue that the context information about a face can be advantageously used in the deeper nodes of the boosting process when the features derived from the central region of the face do not provide any further benefit. Furthermore, we also propose a simplified Gabor feature to extend the feature set for the training of deeper nodes. Experiments show that our proposed method can improve not only the detection performance, but also the detection speed, by about 10% when compared to the original AdaBoost face-detection method for our implementation.

For the dynamic topology and wireless channel features of mobile ad hoc networks, its security problem is always being a research focus. In the aspect of security routing protocol, the problem of how to enhance the security of mobile ad hoc networks was discussed in the paper. Based on the Ad Hoc networks structure and routing characters analysis, the requirements of Ad Hoc networks security routing protocol was brought forward. Then the insecure factors of current network routing protocol were analyzed in detail. To solve these insecure problems, corresponding solutions and material examples were proposed, meanwhile, an advanced strategy to optimizes the security route reconstruction was proposed.

The fast, efficient and reliable dynamic routing protocol is the basis to ensure highly reliable work of the Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). For the shortcomings, the traditional proactive, reactive and hybrid routing protocol can not meet the requirements of reliable work of MANET. To address the problem and combined with the application requirements of small-scale MANET, a dynamic adjacent matrix routing protocol (DAMRP) that using adjacent matrix to describe network dynamic topology was brought out in the paper. The research and practice indicates that DAMRP overcome the shortcomings of traditional routing protocols and reduce the overhead, which is an appropriate efficient routing protocol for small scale MANET.

A face detection method in color images using multi-resolution sub-images fusion combined with support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Firstly the skin images are obtained by two different color modes (HSI and YCbCr). Secondly, multi-resolution sub-image is gained by wavelet analysis of skin area image. Thirdly fusion image can be obtained by sub-image LH and HL according to pixel fusion criterion. Fusion images should be incorporated if necessary, candidate face area can be detected in fusion image. Finally face images can be validated by using SVM. Experiment result shows that, detection rate of faces in a complex background image achieves 95.8%. This method is not effected by gesture, expression and rotation but the distance of the faces in a group photo.

In the first, the paper analyzes the classical tree type analog fractance circuit for frac12 order fractional calculus. In the second, it puts forward and discusses our three new types analog fractance circuits for frac12 order fractional calculus. It compares the structure and function of our three new type's fractance with the classical one respectively. It is true that the frac12 order net-grid type analog fractance circuit is the best one of the four types. In the last, it studies some theoretical and engineering problems that need to be deeply researched in the area of the fractional calculus applications to electronic communication and information processing

In the first, the paper puts forward a frac12 order H type analog fractance circuit. In the second, it further puts forward any fractional order H type analog fractance circuit for any order fractional calculus. In the last, it is proved to performance correctly and efficiently by computer simulation and circuit analog. The result educing by the paper is the basis for further theoretic research and engineering implement to structure fractance circuit for any order fractional calculus

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This paper proposes a new way for ultrasound color flow velocity estimation and display. This method sets up a mapping table which directly relates to the dynamic range of the velocity display by using an inverse mapping instead of calculating the arctangent value directly. This method is ideal for software implementation and offers an interactive way to user for changing the dynamic range of flow velocity to increase the display resolution.