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Multiple layers block overlapped histogram equalization (MLBOHE) is a classic image enhancement method. However, median filter is used in it to reduce noises which cause the degeneration of the local information. Moreover, the hidden details are not revealed effectively during the image fusion processes. To solve these drawbacks, an adaptive image enhancement method using contrast limitation is proposed in this paper. Based on MLBOHE, the proposed method employs a contrast limited method to suppress noises before BOHE is performed in each layer sub-blocks. Then an improved image fusion mode is applied to adaptively merge the multilayered BOHE images. The way to obtain the fusion weights by this fusion mode is according to the entropy value of each layer sub-blocks. In addition, four Image Quality Measures (IQMs), namely peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), image clarity, contrast measure (EME) and feature similarity index metric (FSIM), are used to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high performance in suppressing noises and displaying more trustworthy details. Besides, this method outperforms the existing methods in weakening the excessive enhancement for low illumination and foggy images.

One method for three-dimensional (3D) measurement based on 23 binary structured light patterns is proposed for the medical electronic endoscope in the present study. The patterns are designed by using simple logical operations and tools from combinatorial mathematics. First, we project these patterns onto the objects in proper order, and all the modulated patterns are captured by a CMOS camera. Then, a series of preprocessing methods which contain projector-camera calibration, reflection detection and suppression, radial and tangential distortion correction are used to process these modulated patterns. Finally, we decode the patterns and reconstruct the shape of objects by structured light triangulation. An experimental prototype endoscope is built and the results of experiments on real pig stomach show that the proposed method is effective. The precise of depth measurement at the working distance of 80 mm is better than 0.5 mm.

Due to structural degradation, the performance of concrete bridges may degrade with time and result in catastrophic consequences. A novel approach is developed for evaluating the time-variant reliability of multi-girder concrete bridges considering the effects of the load-carrying mechanism and redundancy. By considering three failure modes at both the component and system levels, a new performance indicator is proposed for quantitatively evaluating the load elastic distribution and plastic redistribution among multiple girders. The adverse effects of material deterioration on the structural capacity, ductility, redundancy, load-carrying capacity, and failure mechanism are also investigated and incorporated into the analytical procedure, in which an incremental nonlinear finite element analysis of a 3D fiber beam element is used. Furthermore, the results associated with full-scale destructive tests of two in situ deteriorated bridges, a reinforced concrete (RC) and a prestressed RC (PRC) T-girder bridge, are adopted to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approach. The feasibility and satisfactory performance of the proposed framework are evaluated using these two real-world bridges. The results demonstrate that the load-carrying mechanism and redundancy significantly affect the structural ultimate load-carrying capacity and time-variant reliability of deteriorating structures.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a widely used experimental tool in psychological research. In this study, we used EEG to research the driving safety by measuring the dynamic changes of drivers' emotions in a long tunnel. Through the study whether there was a tunnel, and whether there was a large amount of traffic flow in the tunnel, we found a long tunnel only makes a slight negative effect on driver's emotion, but a large amount of traffic flow could make an obvious negative effect on driver's emotion. As driver's negative emotions could lower the driving safety in the tunnel, we should control the traffic flow in the tunnel to reduce the possibility of congestion.

Based upon the synopsis of big data and electronic information system, this paper puts up the data framework, carries out practical analysis and systematic application of data collecting technology, data synchronization technology, data excavation technology, and data analysis technology, and describes the analysis model of system data flow. This will benefit the dynamic improvement of electronic information system.

DC/DC converters are known to exhibit bifurcations and chaos if switching actions are governed by feedback control. A dynamic controller based optimal control method is presented to control the chaos behavior and maximize the conversion efficiency of a zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) buck converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

The traditional intelligent tutoring system as a web-based education tools used for adaptive learning can’t solve the encountered question in time while the student is learning with the absence of nature language understanding system. In this paper, a web-based intelligent tutoring system is firstly introduced to solve the encountered question in real time. Secondly, a concept model representing the concept connotation, the extension and the relation between them is presented to support the nature language understanding system in order to extract the question’s meaning. Furthermore, a knowledge representation of verb and noun in impersonal mature domain is involved. Thirdly, the semantic processing arithmetic of the verb phase is given. Finally, the result of experiment and application of arithmetic are shown.

Since the 21 century, the office mode of enterprise or business institution has rapidly developed toward digitization, informatization and network. At the same time the office efficiency is enhanced, the information security hidden danger has been a serious problem. This paper analyzes frame the structure and safety requirements of information network of the small and medium enterprise or business institution, designs and realizes network security management system (FDA-NSMS) based on fuzzy dynamic evaluation. FDA-NSMS collects data utilizing man-machine way, Delphi (Delphi) method is introduced for fuzzy dynamic assessment of the security degrees of network systems, and considering security measures of the management system, safety domain and the technology protection, information network are uniformly planned and realizing the multi-layer safety guarantee of the system.

In today's society, as town roads and construction infrastructure has been improved gradually, the noise pollution has effected the environment more and more seriously. The noising map which has unique way to show the distribution of noise in the real-time and can monitor the situation of the noise effectively, it can let user master the situation of noise pollution clearly, and the application of noising map has become a main research direction of denoising work in recent years. This paper mainly analyzed the domestic and foreign research of the noising map and the main noise prediction method, selected the RLS90 model to develop the software. In the development, we used the ArcGIS Engine setups and Visual Studio programming environment, using the object-oriented development method and the GIS component second development function to develop a relatively perfect function noise prediction and noising map generation system based on the geographic information system.

Mode decision process in multi-view video coding (MVC) consumes a large amount of coding time. To reduce the mode decision complexity, an adaptive early termination (AET) algorithm of fast mode decision based on mode correlation within temporal and inter-view frames is proposed in this paper. Experimental result demonstrates that, compared with TZ-fast-search (TZFS) scheme adopted by JMVC7.2, the proposed algorithm reduces the coding time consumption by over 80% with acceptable video quality degradation.

By analyzing spectral characteristics of MODIS remote sensing data in Sanjiang Plain, we extract the wetland in this area based on a set of multi-temporal and multi-spectral MODIS data. We first transform the selected data by a Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) rotation and take the first two components of the transformed data as the experimental data. To improve the accuracy of classification of wetland, we use a Self-organization Feature Map (SOM) neural network model. SOM has a good performance in resisting noise and can be implemented with parallel processing technique. It is capable of keeping the topological structure of the original data. As a result, it may achieve a better classification compared with other clustering models. After clustering, we perform a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to smooth the data and eliminate noise from the data. The result shows that the SOM model is effective and the clustering result has been improved.

In this paper, a novel spatial and scale weighted GIST (SSWGIST) descriptor is proposed for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image retrieval. Motivated by GIST features, images are represented by the mean values of adjacent and non-overlapped blocks of the Gabor filters response. Beyond that, our methods give those values different weights on different spatial and scale sites. The spatial weights are obtained adaptively by counting the ratio and significance of edges detected in the blocks. The scale weights obey the Gaussian distribution with special parameters toward given image datasets. Thus, the prominent identity of each block of filtering response can be reflected adaptively. A retrieval scheme experiment is carried on the Brodatz and SAR image datasets. The results reveal our algorithmpsilas efficient performances and superiorities.

Achromatic retarder is an important optical device. Because of its important applied value, modern polarization technology and optical modulation demand high precision for the design and measurement of achromatic retarder. Based on the principle of polarizing modulation, this paper presented an autocontrol experiment system to measure the phase retardation for high precision achromatic retarder, whose shape is rhomb. The experimental results indicate that the principle of high precision achromatic retarder is correct and the measurement error is less than 1%, Since the autocontrol experiment system is convenient to operation, it can satisfy the demand of application.