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To describe the impact of the retracted publications on the scientific community more comprehensively, this paper introduces the impact of retracted publications on technology. It establishes a multi-dimensional observation framework for retracted publications from four dimensions, including scientific impact, technological impact, funding impact and Altmetric impact, and proposes the use of a novel multidimensional bubble diagram to illustrate the multidimensional data. This study also proposes a two-dimensional classification of retraction reasons to help sort retracted papers, the results of which show the correlated features of those papers. This paper takes all the retracted publications from two top biomedical journals as a sample, uses the observation framework to analyze them and describes the impact of these papers from multiple dimensions. The results show that compared with one-dimensional analysis, this observation framework reveals the impact characteristics of retracted publications more comprehensively.

On the basis of the present development of the book evaluation research, the article develop an informative and comprehensive evaluation system by combining with the feature of real data, such as the traditional paper books, e-books and network book reviews, so as to evaluate the academic influence of the books in the medical field. The empirical analysis showed that Sci-Tech books present the long-tailed distribution, and that foreign language translated books are highly influential. The results also showed the effectiveness of evaluation system.

In this paper, we analyzed data relating to the language of papers written by winners of Nobel Prizes in physics before they won the prize and their journals of publication, and we identified the change in scientific language corresponding with shifts of the center of the scientific world. Using the science citation index as the main data source, we also collected information on the distribution of prize-winning scientists by country, by each scientist’s number of published papers, and by language. We then analyzed their papers in terms of the different journals based in different countries. The results are presented in three parts: (1) the main languages used in the papers are English and German. The proportion of papers in English is gradually increasing, while that of papers in German is decreasing. (2) The prize winning scientists’ papers have been published mainly in journals in their own nation and in the United States. (3) Journals based in their own countries are very helpful to these scientists early in their careers.

This paper studies how missing data in the PageRank algorithm influences the result of papers ranking and proposes PrestigeRank algorithm on that basis. We make use of PrestigeRank to give the ranking of all papers in physics in the Chinese Scientific and Technology Papers and Citation Database (CSTPCD) published between 2004 and 2006. We compared PrestigeRank result with PageRank and citation ranking. We found PrestigeRank is significantly correlated with PageRank and citation counts. We also used paper citation networks to rank journals, and compared the result with that of journal citation networks. We proposed PRsum, PRave, and compared both of them with citation counts and impact factor. It indicates PRsum, PRave can reflect journal's authority favorably. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages, application scope and application prospects of PrestigeRank in the evaluation of papers and journals.

Although the rough set theory can be deal with uncertain and incomplete knowledge with knowledge reasoning, but for complex systems and some new technology fields, simply rely on the machines learning, the results is not reliable. Absorb the expert knowledge, will help us to grasp the development of this field more accurately. This paper divided expert knowledge into two categories: the decisive expert knowledge and the experts’ knowledge for reference, then proposed a novel man-machine cooperative intelligent reduction algorithm (RAEK) to search the minimum reduction based on the different status of expert knowledge. Finally, the empirical analysis result on the Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS) field shows that the RAEK algorithm is feasible and efficient.

For complex systems and some new technology fields, simply rely on machines learning, the results are not reliable. Absorb the expert knowledge, will help us to more accurately grasp the status and the development of the complex or new fields. This paper presents a novel reduction algorithm that takes into account the knowledge of experts. The attributes set is divided into two subset according to the scores of the expert knowledge: the set of attributes with decisive expert knowledge and the set of attributes with experts' knowledge for reference, then a novel man-machine cooperative intelligent reduction algorithm (IRAEK, Intelligent Reduction Algorithm based on Expert Knowledge) is proposed to find the minimum reduction based on the different scores of expert knowledge. Finally, the empirical analysis result on the Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS) field shows that the IRAEK algorithm is feasible and efficient.

Being based on the concept hierarchy, the paper has introduced a new kind of knowledge representation into the system of data mining which can help transfer the concept hierarchy into a range of decision tables. While taking into account the relationship among the nodes at different levels of a concept hierarchy, the paper further proposed a hierarchical reduction algorithm which can be used for the reduction of both attributes and values in the decision tables. At the same time to theoretically prove the rationality of the algorithm, the paper has furthermore proved its efficiency and reliability with an empirical study of the micro-electromechanical system

Equilibrium programming (EP) is an active topic in mathematical programming. For the EP problem with the fuzzy optimal membership function in objectives and the penalty function in constraints, we propose a new fuzzy approach with simulated annealing algorithm to get the fuzzy optimal solution. The approach provides the decision-makers with a group of fuzzy optimal solutions on similarly fuzzy optimal grade, so that the equilibrium decision can be obtained easily and more reasonably. The numerical simulation of example demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach.