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The present work put forward the research strategy of speech sound perception by the mismatch negativity (MMN). Why, what and how the MMN was employed for study on speech sound perception was discussed. MMN reflects sensory memory functioning and can be used to study the temporal-discrimination accuracy in the auditory system. Based on the analysis of the speech perception model and the character of MMN, it proves that MMN is suitable for the research of speech sound perception. A reasonable and step-by-step research strategy is proposed to study the encoding of acoustics and phonetics information in the central auditory cortex by MMN. In order to obtain reliable and remarkable MMN, the recording technology and some parameters in the experiment are discussed. Proper data analysis methods and the perspectives for application are discussed briefly.