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Aim: Integrated species distribution modelling has emerged as a useful tool for ecologists to exploit the range of information available on where species occur. In particular, the ability to combine large numbers of ad hoc or presence‐only (PO) records with more structured presence–absence (PA) data can allow ecologists to account for biases in PO data which often confound modelling efforts. A range of modelling techniques have been suggested to implement integrated species distribution models (IDMs) including joint likelihood models, including one dataset as a covariate or informative prior, and fitting a correlation structure between datasets. We aim to investigate the performance of different types of integrated models under realistic ecological data scenarios. Innovation: We use a virtual ecologist approach to investigate which integrated model is most advantageous under varying levels of spatial bias in PO data, sample size of PA data and spatial overlap between datasets. Main conclusions: Joint likelihood models were the best performing models when spatial bias in PO data was low, or could be modelled, but gave poor estimates when there were unknown biases in the data. Correlation models provided good model estimates even when there were unknown biases and when good quality PA data were spatially limited. Including PO data via an informative prior provided little improvement over modelling PA data alone and was inferior to using either the joint likelihood or correlation approach. Our results suggest that correlation models provide a robust alternative to joint likelihood models when covariates related to effort or detection in PO data are not available. Ecologists should be aware of the limitations of each approach and consider how well biases in the data can be modelled when deciding which type of IDM to use.

The DeLone and McLean (D&M) information systems (IS) success model seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of IS success by identifying and explaining the relationships among their most critical dimensions of success. Many studies have offered important insights into this model. Nevertheless, regarding the e-learning body of knowledge, D&M research remains to be systematically reviewed comprehensively. E-learning refers to the use of information technology to disseminate knowledge for education and training. With today’s e-learning boom necessitated for the most part by COVID-19, its adoption has become increasingly mandatory. Thus, a systematic review should help focus and accelerate future research. This study systematically reviews, compiles, analyzes, and synthesizes the D&M model studies in the e-learning context. This review adopts automatic and manual search methods to collect related studies from 2010 to 2020. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 92 primary studies are identified. The findings show that most of reviewed studies were conducted in the education field. The success category was the most highly investigated area from among the selected studies. Most studies developed a hybrid/extended model. Additionally, this study also identified gaps in the literature and recommends seven potential future areas requiring further investigation, such as conducting studies to examine the net benefits at the organizational level of analysis. To that end, the findings of this systematic review study provide an impactful contribution through offering a holistic review of the current state of D&M model studies in an e-learning context, providing an essential reference for scholars in this field.

Nowadays, the advancement of technology makes the life easier and convenience. Smart home is one of the technology provide a better life environment for the residents. The purpose of this study is to make a systematic and empirical study on the factors and model that influencing the intention to adopt smart home in Malaysia. Clear interface, consistency, attractiveness, information accuracy, information completeness, perceived security and perceived privacy used as the variables to investigate the intention to adopt the smart home. The quantitative method was used in this research. The sample size of this research is 102 respondents. The questionnaire was used for data collection. From the statistical analysis, the result verify that clear interface, consistency, attractiveness, information accuracy, perceived security and perceived privacy have positive impact on the Malaysian householder’s intention to adopt smart home. Besides that, the result from clustering analysis shows that, the younger generation or higher education respondents have higher intention to adopt smart home system. By referring this, the practitioner can refer and focus on those variables to develop the smart home that suitable for Malaysian.

The Industrialised Building System (IBS) has been implemented by the government as an alternative effort in reducing foreign workers in Malaysia. IBS advantages can be seen in its higher product quality, reduced waste of building materials, cost-effective, and faster construction times than conventional construction methods. The Construction Industry Standard (CIS 18: 2010) has been introduced as a guideline manual to assist the industry on calculating the IBS score. The aims of this study is to identify the relevancy of the content used in the manual computation of existing IBS system in CIS 18:2010. Focus groups and interview sessions has been carried out for data collection. As a result from the industry feedback, there are several weightage changes in the usage of IBS components and the improvement of utilisation of standardized components based on MS 1064 for the IBS systems and also it has been suggested that these manuals need to be reviewed since it has been last updated in 2013. Overall, the finding from this study suggest that further improvement of the manual calculation in the existing IBS system content need to carry out to meet the needs of the construction industry in this country. Keywords: Industrialized building system (IBS); Construction industry standard (CIS); IBS score.

Web-Based Management Information System (WBMIS) is mainly concerned with supporting management functions including decision making, performance management and cost reduction in order to provide an effective management for organizations at different levels. For this reason the assessment of WBMIS is highly needed to justify the IT investment in terms of its impacts on performance, and especially on the employee performance. It is important to highlight that a very little research has been conducted to assess the influence of the two critical factors including information and service quality on the employee performance. For this purpose, this study focuses on the assessment of the mediation effects of satisfaction on the relationship between quality factors and performance. A sample of a total of 128 respondents was gathered in a reasonable scale study in order to test the validity and reliability of the adapted instrument as well as test the significance of the mediation effect of user satisfaction. The results of multiple regression showed that there are significant relationships between study factors (information quality, service quality, user satisfaction and task performance). Furthermore, hierarchical regression test indicated that user satisfaction has a high significant mediation role between information, service quality and effectiveness in terms of performance (Sig. < 0.01). Therefore, as the quality of information and e-services increased, the satisfaction with WBMIS increased which in turn leads to increase in the employee performance.

Recently, the multidisciplinary research has been highly considered by the computer sciences researchers as it contributes to the innovation in terms of concepts and practices. This paper keeps special focus on the employment of belief network including influence and Bayesian nets models in modeling the uncertainties and decision making process. It attempts to model and optimizes one of the most important functions of the human resources called Competency Based Evaluation (CBE). Consequently, the present study is concerned with modeling the uncertainties of the CBE through AI modeling approaches as well as developing a new optimization algorithm towards decreasing the evaluation features of the employee performance. The developed algorithm aims at finding the decision regarding the performance based on Pearl’s algorithms, where the conditional probabilistic is employed in order to decide regarding the employee performance based on his competencies. MATLAB is actually used for the implementation and empirical analysis purposes. The encouraging results of the study provide empirical evidence on the efficiency of the proposed algorithm as this algorithm minimizes the evaluation features. Thus, it would contribute to the enhancement of the competency based evaluation.

Vehicle servicing and breakdown assistance are two major services for automotive industry. Breakdown cases could cause traffic congestion in urban areas where it may lead to undesirable situations for vehicle drivers. In order to overcome this problem, the challenges depend on the efficiency of the vendors to address the emergency cases quickly. We intend to introduce Automotive Servicing and Breakdown Assistance System (ASBAS) to solve the problems that are currently encountered by both vendors and consumers. This system is designed to overcome the hassle and to help both the consumers and vendors to reach out each other quickly and systematically. A survey was conducted to understand the impact of vendor factors on vendors’ intention to adopt ASBAS by piloting questionnaire to several vendors. The research proposed model has outlined four different independent variables. The variables were chosen based on the previous study on technology acceptance criteria. This independent variable has vital decision factors that lead to the system adoption rate. Based on the result of data analysis, it shows that Vehicle Breakdown Servicing Necessity (VBSN) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) have a positive impact on vendor’s intention to adopt the system. PEOU and VBSN factors become critical contribution in designing the system interface. The results of this study are related to other studies in case of important factors for intention to adopt IT systems. The findings of this study help IT enterprises to come out with innovative ASBAS to satisfy IT market.

SOSE is a novel software development paradigm that results in flexible, loose-coupled and end-to-end applications. However, the adoption of this innovation is slowed by security challenge. Apparently, the use of only TLS (transport layer security) security technique for SOSE systems is inappropriate because it provides only point-to-point security support to the communicating parties. While, an end-to-end security mechanism is necessary to effectively secure SOSE applications. Consequently, this paper provides SNSM framework, a solution to SOSE security challenge by integrating many technologies including OASIS's web service security standard, W3C's XML digital signature and XML encryption standards into SOAP envelope to ensure end-to-end security at the message level. In the implementation of the framework, proxy service, a virtual service hosted in the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) was used to enforce security services as a Quality of service (QOS) requirement. The results show that SNSM framework recorded 10 millisecond average response time above unsecured service, whereas, the TLS secured service has the largest average response time.

The growing number of radio frequency identification (RFID) applications in various industrial fields makes the development of strategic information systems planning (SISP) for the implementation process is essential. Hajj (pilgrimage) sector is one of sectors that would benefit from RFID system implementation through several applications. Without a good plan for the implementation process, it would be difficult to reap a lot of benefits expected from the use of this technology. For this reason, this study proposed a model of SISP for RFID implementation in Hajj management systems. This model assists Hajj management authorities and any related Hajj organization wishing to implement RFID system to better understand and prepare for RFID implementation. It provides guidelines for RFID implementation in Hajj management systems with an emphasis on implementation issues that are needed to be considered such as RFID implementation scenario and RFID data sharing. We hope that the proposed model will provide Hajj organizers with knowledge needed for the implementation of RFID technology in Hajj management.

Millions of Muslims go to Mecca every year to perform their Hajj (Pilgrimage). Managing of Hajj activities is a very complex task on Saudi Arabian authorities and Hajj organizers due to the large number of pilgrims, the specific geographical area for the movement of pilgrims and the short period of Hajj. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can be used in various applications during Hajj season to provide good solutions for many problems and contribute in overcoming many difficulties. This paper describes the potential applications of this new emerging technology in new field like Hajj and then proposes architecture for RFID-based Hajj management systems and communication network for data sharing.