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It was difficult to measure the dynamic position for large rotary parts accurately and the cost of measurement was high. However, to avoid these problems, according to the law of actual motion of large rotary parts, this paper presented a novel real-time detection method, which built constant velocity model and "current" statistical model, and then established interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm based on the two models. Every dynamic position variable detected by multi-grating sensors was computed by the IMM algorithm to get the final fusion value, and the final fusion values were weighted estimated by using filtering error covariance matrix. The method based on IMM algorithm and optimal weighted estimation algorithm had a small position error, which was demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulation. And the method was also used to measure the angular position of the hollow shaft of a rocket fairing horizontal riveting apparatus. The experimental result shows that the method has a high position detection accuracy and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]