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Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize novel star-shaped poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid)s via chain-transfer radical polymerization technique, use these polyacids to formulate the resin-modified glass–ionomer cements, and evaluate the mechanical strengths of the formed cements Materials and methods: The star-shaped poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid)s were synthesized via a chain-transfer radical polymerization reaction using a newly synthesized star-shaped chain-transfer agent. The effects of MW, GM-tethering ratio, P/L ratio and aging on the compressive properties of the formed experimental cements were studied. Compressive, diametral tensile as well as flexural strengths were evaluated and compared to those of Fuji II and Fuji II LC cements. Results: The star-shaped polyacids showed significantly lower viscosities in water as compared to their linear counterparts. The cements formulated with these novel polyacids showed significantly improved mechanical strengths i.e., 49% in yield strength, 41% in modulus, 25% in CS, 20% in DTS and 36% in FS, higher than commercial Fuji II LC. After aging in water for 30 days, the compressive strengths of the experimental cements were significantly changed with an increase of 29% in YS, 19% in modulus as well as 23% in CS and a decrease of 5% in toughness, indicating that aging in water enhances the salt-bridge formation and increases brittleness. Conclusions: A novel light-cured glass–ionomer cement system composed of the star-shaped poly(carboxylic acid)s has been developed via a cost-effective and time-efficient chain-transfer radical polymerization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A novel furanone derivative and a polyacid constructed from it were synthesized, characterized and formulated into experimental high strength cements. The compressive strength (CS) and Streptococcus mutans viability were used to evaluate the mechanical strength and antibacterial activity of the cements. The effect of human saliva and aging were investigated. The antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus sp. and cytotoxicity to human pulp cells were also evaluated. The results show that all the formulated furanone-containing cements showed antibacterial activity, with an initial reduction in CS. The effect of the furanone derivative loading was significant. Increasing loading enhanced the antibacterial activity but reduced the initial CS of the formed cements. The derivative showed antibacterial activity against both S. mutans and Lactobacillus sp. Human saliva did not affect the antibacterial activity of the cement. The cytotoxicity study with human dental pulp cells shows that the furanone-modified cement was biocompatible. A 30day aging study indicated that the cements may have long-lasting antibacterial activity. Within the limitations of this study it appears that the experimental cement could be a clinically attractive dental restorative due to its high mechanical strength and antibacterial function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We have developed a novel glass-ionomer cement system composed of multi-arm poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid)s. These polyacids were synthesized via a chain-transfer polymerization reaction using newly synthesized multi-arm chain-transfer agents. The cements formulated with the multiarm polyacids showed significantly lower viscosities in water as compared to those formulated with the linear polyacids. Due to the lower viscosities, the MW of the polyacids can be significantly increased for enhanced mechanical strengths, while keeping the ease of mixing and handling. The experimental cements showed significantly improved compressive strengths as compared to Fuji II after aged in water for 3 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a novel bioactive resin-modified glass–ionomer cement system with therapeutic function to dentin capping mineralization. In the system, the newly synthesized star-shape poly(acrylic acid) was formulated with water, Fuji II LC filler, and bioactive glass S53P4 to form resin-modified glass–ionomer cement. Compressive strength (CS) was used as a screening tool for evaluation. The commercial glass–ionomer cement Fuji II LC was used as a control. All the specimens were conditioned in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C prior to testing. The effect of aging in SBF on CS and microhardness of the cements was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the in vitro dentin surface changes caused by the incorporation of bioactive glass. The results show that the system not only provided strengths comparable to original commercial Fuji II LC cement but also allowed the cement to help mineralize the dentin in the presence of SBF. It appears that this bioactive glass–ionomer cement system has direct therapeutic impact on dental restorations that require root surface fillings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]