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1. Applying a Typology to Vocational Aspirations.

Author

Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD. Center for the Study of Social Organization of Schools., Holland, John L., and Gottfredson, Gary D.

Abstract

The psychological meaning and predictive value of a person's vocational aspirations were examined by applying Holland's typology to the vocational aspirations of high school juniors (N=1,005), college juniors (N=692), employed adults (N=140), and a second sample of college students studied over a 1 year interval (N=624). The aspirational data were obtained from the Daydreams section of the Self-Directed Search (Holland, 1972). Categorical and correctional analyses show that a person's retrospective vocational aspirations have coherence and yield efficient predictions. In addition, the degree of coherence or similarity among a person's vocational aspirations provides a potentially useful index of a person's decision-making ability. Vocational aspirations were also found to be more predictive of future vocational status than were interest inventories, suggesting that these aspirations can serve as a validity check on the Self-Directed Search itself. (Author/PC)

Published
1974

2. Vocational Choices of Men and Women: A Comparison of Predictors from the SDS.

Author

Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD. Center for the Study of Social Organization of Schools. and Holland, John L.

Abstract

Several predictors of occupational choice derived from a theory of careers (Holland, 1973) were examined. Hypotheses that a person's competencies, activities, self-estimates, interests, and vocational choices can be organized by a six-category typology to understand and predict subsequent choice were tested. Samples of 894 men and 989 women took the Self-directed Search (SDS) at entry into two colleges and reported their occupational choices one or three years later. All hypotheses received support, although the predictions varied in efficiency. Other analyses indicated that current vocational choice is the best predictor of later choice, and that scores based on sex-specific norms are less efficient predictors than raw scores. The findings support both the theory and the validity of the SDS assessment for men and women. Extrapolations from these conclusions are limited by the nature of the criteria and the population tested (College students). (Author/PC)

Published
1974

3. PREDICTING A STUDENT'S VOCATIONAL CHOICE.

Author

American Coll. Testing Program, Iowa City, IA., HOLLAND, JOHN L., and LUTZ, SANDRA W.

Abstract

THE PREDICTIVE VALIDITY OF A STUDENT'S EXPRESSED VOCATIONAL CHOICE WAS COMPARED WITH THE PREDICTIVE VALIDITY OF HIS SCORES ON A VOCATIONAL PREFERENCE INVENTORY. THE DATA FOR THE STUDY WAS FURNISHED BY TWO AMERICAN COLLEGE SURVEYS. STUDENTS FROM TWO NATIONWIDE SAMPLES OF 28 COLLEGES WERE POLLED FOR THEIR VOCATIONAL CHOICES AND WERE GIVEN THE SIXTH REVISION OF THE VOCATIONAL PREFERENCE INVENTORY. EIGHT MONTHS OR A YEAR LATER, THEY WERE POLLED AGAIN FOR THEIR VOCATIONAL CHOICES. VOCATIONAL CHOICES WERE CATEGORIZED ACCORDING TO A SIX CATEGORY CLASSIFICATION SCHEME WHICH CODED 99 VOCATIONS INTO THESE CLASSES--REALISTIC, INTELLECTUAL, SOCIAL, CONVENTIONAL, ENTERPRISING, AND ARTISTIC. RESULTS INDICATE THAT ASKING THE STUDENT ABOUT HIS VOCATIONAL CHOICES OR ASKING HIM ABOUT HIS VOCATIONAL INTENTIONS AND ROLE ARE ALMOST TWICE AS EFFICIENT AS THE VOCATIONAL PREFERENCE INVENTORY IN PREDICTING VOCATIONAL CHOICE. THE STUDY SUGGESTS THAT INTEREST INVENTORIES SHOULD BE USED WITH GREATER DISCRIMINATION. (WR)

Published
1967

4. The Virtues of the SDS and Its Associated Typology: A Second Response to Prediger and Hanson

Author

Holland, John L.

Abstract

The author reviews the evidence for the beneficial effects of the Self-Directed Search (SDS), indicates that Hanson and Prediger have misinterpreted the theory, that their evidence is misleading, and that other evidence indicates that males and females of the same type are similar. The virtues of raw scores are summarized. (Author)

Published
1976

5. Vocational Indecision: More Evidence and Speculation

Author

Holland, John L. and Holland, Joan E.

Abstract

Samples of 1,005 high school juniors and 692 college juniors were assessed with measures of personality, decision-making ability, interests, and vocational attitude. Comparisons of undecided and decided students indicate they are alike on most measures, but substantial and significant differences were found for the Identity and Vocational Attitude scales. (Author)

Published
1977

6. Vocational Choices of Men and Women: A Comparison of Predictors From the Self-Directed Search

Author

Gottfredson, Gary D. and Holland, John L.

Abstract

Several Predictors of occupational choice derived from a theory of careers were examined. Hypotheses that a person's competencies, activities, self-estimates, interests, and vocational choices can be organized to understand and predict subsequent choice were tested. Findings support both the theory and the validity of the Self-Directed Search. (Author)

Published
1975

7. Distributions of Personalities Within Occupations and Fields of Study

Author

Holland, John L. and Holland, Joan E.

Abstract

Self Directed Search (SDS) and Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) results occupations and fields of study were organized to show the distributions of personalities within an occupation or field of study. The results show that single fields tolerate several types, but some types occur only infrequently. (Author)

Published
1977

8. Social Foundations of Education

Author

Holland, John

Abstract

Eight texts are reviewed. All focus on educational Problems, ranging from the narrower ones of urban education and career choice to broader concerns such as the social order and socialization. (DB)

Published
1970

19. The Predictive Value of a Student's Choice of Vocation.

Author

Holland, John L. and Lutz, Sandra W.

Subjects
VOCATION, CHOICE (Psychology), COLLEGE students, COUNSELORS, FORECASTING, VALUE (Economics)
Abstract

Using large samples of college students, this study compares the forecasting value of a student's initial report of his vocational choice with the Vocational Preference Inventory. Student vocational choices were categorized according to a 6-category classification scheme for men and an 8-category scheme for women, The relationships between initial and final vocational choices, and between VPI high-point codes and final vocational choices over 8- and 12-month intervals, were examined. The results indicate that the predictive efficiency of a student's expressed choice is about twice that of the Vocational Preference Inventory. The results suggest that researchers and counselors should make greater use of a person's expressed choices and that interest Inventories should be used with more discrimination. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1968
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20. Explorations of a Theory of Vocation a! Choice: III. A Longitudinal Study of Change in Major Field of Study.

Author

Holland, John L. and Nichols, Robertc.

Subjects
VOCATIONAL guidance, LONGITUDINAL method, SOCIAL science research, STUDENT attitudes, HIGH school students, COLLEGE students
Abstract

A theory of vocational choice was examined by testing some of its general, hypotheses in a longitudinal study. Changes in major field plans for a one- year period (high school senior year to end of freshman year in college) were studied by assessing a sample of National Merit Finalists (832 boys and 181 girls) in high school with interest, personality, originality, self.-ratings; achievement, and aptitude measures. Students were reassessed in college and pre- and post-college freshman year plans were compared. Remaining in a given field appears to be associated with having personal attitudes commonly associated with the typical student while leaving a field is related to dissimilarity between a student's attributes and those of the typical student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1964
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