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Although the relationship between religion and football has gained considerable interest during the last twenty years, scant attention has been paid to the relationship between pilgrimage and football. This paper seeks to advance the study of this relationship through an exploration of collective memory about football disasters that throws fresh light on central themes within pilgrimage studies—pilgrimage as both a journey to a sacred place and the performance of diverse rituals at such places. The paper explores, in particular, the ways in which three different tragedies involving English football clubs have been commemorated through journeys to and ritual performance at places seen as sacred to those involved in commemoration—football stadiums and urban spaces, and cathedrals and pilgrimage shrines in England, Germany and Italy. Through this analysis, we seek to show how the commemoration of football disaster is linked to pilgrimage as a process where people seek healing and reconciliation through the public performance of rituals that link the local to the global. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the role of collective memory in the protection of "traditional" sociocultural and symbolic aspects of football vis-à-vis the processes of commodification and globalization. Empirical evidence that underpins the analysis is drawn from a multisite ethnographic study of football fan activism in the Czech Republic, Italy, and England, as well as at the European level. The authors argue that collective memory represents a significant component of the supporters' mobilization and is related to the protection of specific football sites of memory, including club names, logos, colors, places, heroes, tragedies, and histories. The authors further explain that collective memory operates through three interconnected dimensions: embedded collective memory, transcendent collective memory, and the collective memory of contentious politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the Cultural Memory Conference, Centre of Language and Cultural Theory at the University of Southampton from April 7 to 9, 1995. The topic of this timely conference was to explore the connections and distinctions within cultural memory as a site of the complex of cultural production and reproduction. This conference depicts a comradely flexibility in the delivery and discussion of papers, encouraged by arrangements for interactive panels of speakers.

This paper analyses the myth of the Blitz spirit in British newspaper discourses of the City and economy after the London bombings on 7 July 2005. The Blitz spirit is a popular story of Britain during the Second World War, uniting together with defiance and resilience to overcome the threat of invasion from Nazi Germany. Through Barthes’ model of myth, this paper discusses the myth of the Blitz spirit in memories of wartime London. A critical discourse analysis then explores the ideological impact of Blitz spirit discourses in hyperbolised coverage of City traders and the economy in 2005. I argue that the ideological complexities of Western economics and the free market were suppressed by a myth that sought to bind social classes together through evocations of British, wartime solidarity and defiance. But, this paper also argues that Blitz spirit evocations among City traders were contradicted by discourses that discussed British citizens as consumers through anxieties about the economy after the bombings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The COVID-19 pandemic offers an historic precedent to review and challenge the values of social, economic, environmental, and cultural belief systems. The concept of the "New Normal" and the experience of the global pandemic provide points of transition in thinking about our relationship to our planet and to each other. These include the fragility of contemporary economics, dependency on industrialized urban infrastructures, and reliance on top-down governance, vulnerability to climate disasters, dislocation from the natural world, societal inequalities, and the loss of cultural memory. The paper considers the potential role of systems thinking in attempting to manage societies' responses to the pandemic. To provide the methodological context in which some systems thinking can be applied to alleviate the pandemic, we conduct a focused literature review of systemic frameworks, and using examples from Brazil and England, the paper questions the validity of existing disaster management systems and proposes an integrated critical systems approach. Reflecting on these experiences, questions of systems criticality are further developed and considered in relation to critical recovery from disasters and as integral critical systems (ICS) to interrogate the intention of systems. Finally, the paper reflects upon the value of systems and the values embedded in systems that may or may not promote equitable well-being in recovery from disasters such as COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent scholarship has highlighted the heterogeneity of second-generation Irish identities in Great Britain, yet the varieties of self-identification espoused by the English-raised children of Northern Irish parents remain almost wholly unexplored. This article redresses this neglect by examining the relationship between parentally transmitted memories of the Northern Ireland Troubles (c.1969–1998) and the forms of identity and self-understanding that such children develop during their lives in England. Drawing on original oral history testimony and using the concepts of narrative inheritance and postmemory as interpretive tools, it demonstrates the complex correlation that exists between parents' diverse approaches to memory-sharing and their children's negotiation of inherited conflict memory as they position themselves discursively within contemporary English society. Based on a close reading of five oral history interviews, the analysis reveals a spectrum of creative postmemory practices and identity enactments, whereby narrators agentively define themselves in relation to the meanings they attribute to inherited memories, or the dearth thereof, as they navigate their tangled transnational affinities and allegiances. The article also explores how these practices and enactments are subtly responsive to narrators' changing relationships to their narrative inheritances as their experience and awareness of their own and their parents' lives deepen over the life course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Antípoda is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores collective memory in Newham, East London. It addresses how remembering East London as the home of whiteness and traditional forms of community entails powerful forms of forgetting. Newham's formation through migration – its ‘great time’ – has ensured that myths of indigeneity and whiteness have never stood still. Through engaging with young people's and youth workers' memory practices, the paper explores how phantasms of whiteness and class loss are traced over, and how this tracing reveals ambivalence and porosity, at the same time as it highlights the continued allure of race. It explores how whiteness and class loss are appropriated across ethnic boundaries and how they are mobilized to produce new forms of racial hierarchy in a ‘super-diverse’ place. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper takes key insights from social psychologists and interrogates them as methodological tools for historians, applying these theories to a large-scale uprising that occurred in southern England in 1549. In a social order based on notions of paternalism and deference, a diverse band of rebels were able to forge an alliance strong enough to pose a serious threat to local authorities in Norwich. Social psychological approaches to collective memory and evolving social representations are deployed to highlight contested memories of rebellion as central to Tudor state formation, and to understand how a rebel group with many competing interests was able to sustain their alliance. I argue that the imperative to understand individual behaviour in a collective context illuminates the way that this group could form a vision of the world which contradicted deferential social ideals without ranging themselves against central government. The article also suggests ways in which historical approaches can inform social psychological concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Alderley Sandhills Project (ASP) was designed to archaeologically explore the transformative roles of industrialization and de-industrialization on the working communities of rural England. Collection of oral histories was an intrinsic element of fieldwork, with project participants including elderly former residents and neighbors of the excavated cottages. Their narratives provided a crucial source for understanding social meanings of the archaeological objects and places within this study site, particularly over the inter-war decades of the early twentieth century. Drawing from elements of this multi-year project, this paper will explore the dynamic maintenance of community life through the composition of social memories, and the materiality of social belonging, to illuminate the inner world of the Hagg Cottages of Alderley Edge, Cheshire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the use of the figure of 'Troynovant' in seventeenth-century London's mayoral pageants. The connection made in the pageants between the ancient city of Troy and London-as-New-Troy extended well into the century, and stood in apparent defiance of prevailing historiography. In the present paper I argue that the image is knowingly used as a stand-in, drawing attention to areas of civic discourse which might not be overtly stated within the context of the mayoral pageant itself. As one of early modern London's most popular and most public entertainments, the mayoral pageants' depiction of the city rewards investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay reads Stuart Maconie's travelogue Long Road from Jarrow: A Journey through Britain Then and Now (2017) through the lens of memory studies to contextualize Maconie's peregrination as his way of contemplating and grappling with Brexit. Maconie retraces the iconic Jarrow March on the occasion of its eightieth anniversary, revisiting the past in order to gain a perspective on the social and political state of presentday Britain. This essay introduces the public persona of Maconie and provides background information on the Jarrow workers' 1936 protest march, drawing on the concept of cultural memory both to determine what the Jarrow March signifies today and how the book functions as a product of cultural memory. As Maconie revisits the route of the Jarrow protest march shortly after the Brexit vote in June 2016, the two historical events become intertwined through his account. Approaching both the journey and the book as cultural memory projects highlights how the Jarrow March retains its mythical resonance in the present. Consequently, Maconie's social snapshot of the current condition of England is analysed as his personal narrative negotiation of the reasons for the referendum, and of Brexit as a pivotal socio-political event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focuses on England, England (1998), a late twentieth-century novel about memory and nostalgia. Centering on Englishness, the novel plays with traditional ideas of national identity and stereotypes that construct collective memory. Moreover, Barnes's novel addresses the circulation of these stereotypes, the commodification of the nation and the relationship between personal and national identities. The novel provides an example analysis of the construction of national identity and a satirical portrayal of the artificial invention of nationhood; yet, it gives the idea that despite its inauthenticity, there is a human need to construct a collective memory whose stability is held by history. The theme park in the novel, as a nostalgic project, is an assembly of working cultural motifs. There, the nation is commodified and represented as a marketable, reified object and thereby converted into a series of saleable symbols. Svetlana Boym (2001) defines two kinds of nostalgia: the restorative and the reflective. Restorative nostalgia stresses nostos ("to return home") and "attempts a trans-historical reconstruction of the lost home." As she defines (Boym 2001, 41) it, "restorative nostalgia manifests itself in total reconstruction of monuments of the past, while reflective nostalgia lingers on ruins, the patina of time and history, in the dreams of another place and time." Though nostalgia has many different explanations for different disciplines, the shared feeling is defined as a yearning for the past. With modernity, the pathological paradigm of nostalgia faded away and became connected to the sentimentalization of the past, to feelings of loss and attachment. Modernity accused nostalgia of being repressing and resisting critique and change. In postmodern world and literature, nostalgia appeared as a defence to discuss and critisize the rapid pace of modern life. This article proposes that, similarly, Barnes's novel, England, England, laments the fact that it is not possible to identify an authentic place of origin for the nation or for personal memory. In this nostalgic version of England, the traces of the past are curiously hollow. Ironically, in the attempt to invent a national identity, elusive memories and distorted views of history come together to trace Englishness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how secondary school pupils in England are integrated into the First World War centenary practices of remembrance with a particular focus on education. It discusses which narratives of the war are included in and excluded from secondary-level classroom history teaching and raises important concerns relating to the "memory messages" that are being communicated via history teaching of the First World War and the consequences of such narratives regarding the replication of power relations, a continued inability to deal with Britain's colonial legacy, and an uncritical normalizing of the military in the minds of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wave of interest in the Great Famine generated by the 150th anniversary commemorations in Ireland and across the diaspora indicates that public memory of the catastrophe remains vital to the formulation of Irish identities. The sesquicentennial not only focused popular, official, and scholarly attention on narrating the Famine, it also initiated ongoing debate over whether public acts of Famine remembrance produced meaningful or contrived connections to this painful past. In much of the commentary produced in the two decades since the sesquicentennial, sceptics and supporters alike have described Famine commemoration as a new cultural phenomenon – one that broke public memorial silence on the subject. Yet, there were various memorial practices and commemorative narratives long before the mid-1990s, most notably the acts of remembrance of Irish diasporic communities around the time of the Famine's 50th anniversary. This article addresses this issue in relation to Liverpool and Montreal – the busiest British and Canadian urban ports of entry during the Famine migration. Both cities were flooded with destitute and often ailing Famine migrants in the summer of 1847 when officials and residents struggled to contain a typhus epidemic that killed thousands despite quarantine measures. Though many of the Irish newcomers to Montreal and Liverpool out-migrated subsequently, Irish Catholic groups in both cities kept its memory alive through political rhetoric, religious rituals, and historical commemoration, often recalling it as the traumatic genesis of Irish emigration, and periodically mobilizing its remembrance in support of various forms of Irish nationalism. This article considers how public memorial sites and commemorative narratives were constructed in Montreal and Liverpool at the turn of the twentieth century to entrench local ethnic solidarity in the context of sectarian strains and fraught socioeconomic circumstances, and to reinforce Irish national and diasporic connections amidst political contestations over Home Rule. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article examines the organization, nature and content of historical pageants in twentieth-century Britain. Focusing on four pageants at St Albans, Hertfordshire – in 1907, 1948, 1953 and 1968 – it considers the selection of historical episodes that were depicted, the role that pageants played in the life of the community, and the ways in which the relationship between past and present was presented. Pageants functioned as both education and entertainment, and were significant events in the creation of the public image of the city, although they could also provoke local controversy and dissent. They promoted a strongly local sense of identity, and civic pride was perhaps even more important to the post-war pageants than to those staged in the Edwardian period, as communities such as St Albans negotiated a period of rapid development and change in the 1940s and 1950s. However, the large-scale civic pageant that characterized the first half of the twentieth century rapidly declined in the late 1950s and early 1960s, proving less adaptable in the context of the cultural upheavals of the period. Subsequent pageants were on a much smaller scale than those that were staged before the mid-1950s, and adopted a different attitude to the national and local past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on an oral history project between the Royal Armouries Museum and a class of year nine history students at the Co-operative Academy in Leeds, England. The aims of the project was to create a curricular, transnational methodology for introducing the concept of historical memory into secondary history teaching. Following their research and interviews with veterans, the students explored how the history and memory of World War II has been created and re-interpreted.

This article is a revised and expanded version of my inaugural lecture as Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge, delivered on 20 Oct. 2011. It explores how the religious upheavals of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries reshaped perceptions of the past, stimulated shifts in historical method, and transformed the culture of memory, before turning to the interrelated question of when and why contemporaries began to remember the English Reformation as a decisive juncture and critical turning point in history. Investigating the interaction between personal recollection and social memory, it traces the manner in which remembrance of the events of the 1530s, 1540s, and 1550s evolved and splintered between 1530 and 1700. A further theme is the role of religious and intellectual developments in the early modern period in forging prevailing models of historical periodization and teleological paradigms of interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

'No Diving' was a site-specific oral history and moving image installation funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund that examined the lido at Hilsea, Portsmouth as a locus for memories and recollections by the local community. The project set out to recover archive film of the building and record oral history interviews contextualising this found material, which would eventually be re-projected on to the building as a site-specific event. The project brought the artist to a personal, and the community to a collective moment of catharsis as the images and voices played over the lido superstructure. For the artist: a moment where personal and family history colludes with the sense of belonging embodied within an architectural space. For the community: a moment of reflection and re-projection of collective memories in which archive films and oral histories relocate the past within the present. The project was designed as an experimental/experiential documentary system that would engage with the community as producers of their own historical identity. The project questioned the nature of documentary since the real documentary could only be shown at the lido as a live performance event in which the audience participated as observers and the observed. In this way, the building served as a bi-directional apparatus, which simultaneously captures and re-projects historical identities through the camera lens of the project process. This project model is transferable and can be pointed at any building or architectural location. It turns a building into a living museum; a site of community practice that produces history and re-circulates identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author expresses his views on non-religious peace memorial rituals being conducted worldwide. He offers information on a ritual conducted in Leeds, England on annual basis wherein the locals would sail memorial lights at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park. The author also talks about the exhibition "Kokeshi: Stand Up, Speak Out, Make a Difference!," featuring an organization formed by the classmates of atom bomb victim Sadako Sasaki. There are several peace memorials in Bradford, England including an independent peace library, a university Peace Studies Department, and a Peace Museum.

This article describes the work undertaken by the public authorities of Bristol to construct, for this old slaving port, a collective memory of the trade in Africans. It shows how the use of urban space is necessary to resurrect that past and implies a visual model to inform a new gaze on the city. Through intensive action on the memory of slavery, the author suggests, from the work of Paul Ricoeur, the passage from silence to 'too much memory'. This excess can be viewed as the result of a political instrumentalization linked to the requirements of the British multicutural model. Further, these actions on memory reveal distinctly divergent intentions for the different communities of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the one-day seminar held at the University of Warwick titled "Challenging Dominant Discourses of the Past: 1968 and the Value of Oral History" on February 23, 2011. Articles presented during the event explored the challenging nexus between individual and collective memories. The importance of studying specific contexts in order to problematize traditional accounts of 1968 was tackled by the first two articles.