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International cooperation in science and technology is an important part of addressing major global issues like climate change, infectious disease, food security and natural disasters. Research infrastructures (RIs) are organizations that enable scientists to use specific facilities, resources and services in order to accelerate scientific achievements, break boundaries and promote sustainable research. Fostering RI partnerships across borders has the potential to improve the efficiency and quality of research to tackle the many challenges faced by society today. RI-VIS is a Horizon 2020-funded project to increase the visibility and raise awareness of European RIs to new communities in Europe and beyond. This report, as part of RI-VIS, focuses on ways to increase collaboration between Australian and European RIs. It collates the insights of experts from Australian RIs, European RIs and policymakers into sections that cover examples of successful collaboration, lessons learned and possible challenges/bottlenecks., {"references":["Abecasis, R. C., & Pintar, B. (2020). RI-VIS Communication Toolkit for European Research Infrastructures. RI-VIS.","Butrous, G. (2015). International research collaboration: the key to combating pulmonary vascular diseases in the developing world. Pulmonary Circulation, 413-414.","Chambers, S., Daems, J., & Raciti, M. (2019). Organise three international DARIAH workshops. Gand, Belgique: DARIAH ERIC.","Cherry, A., Haselip, J., Ralphs, G., & Wagner, I. E. (2018). Africa-Europe Research and Innovation Cooperation. Palgrave Macmillan.","Coccia, M., & Wang, L. (2016). Evolution and convergence of the patterns of international scientific collaboration. PNAS, 2057-2061.","Confined field trial of transgenic cassava is completely safe, says IITA scientist. (2018, April 29). Retrieved from IITA: http://bulletin.iita.org/index.php/2018/04/29/confined-field-trial-transgenic-cassava-safe/","Daenke, S., & Owens, R. (2017). Instruct comes of age. European Journal of Immunology, 1854-1856.","DARIAH Beyond Europe. (2019). Retrieved from Australia: https://dbe.hypotheses.org/workshops/australia","Data from South African survey now available. (2017, January 25). Retrieved from European Social Survey: https://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/about/singlenew.html?a=/about/news/essnews0018.html","DESIR. (2017). Retrieved from DARIAH-EU: https://www.dariah.eu/activities/projects-and-affiliations/desir/","Ebrecht, A. C., van der Bergh, N., Harrison, S. T., Smit, M. S., Sewell, B. T., & Opperman, D. J. (2019). Biochemical and structural insights into the cytochrome P450 reductase from Candida tropicalis. Scientific Reports.","e-IRG secretariat. (2017). Guide to e-Infrastructure Requirements for European Research Infrastructures.","ELIXIR. (2020, April 9). ELIXIR News. Retrieved from New collaboration strategy with the Australian BioCommons: https://elixir-europe.org/news/new-collaboration-strategy-australian-biocommons","EU expands its research cooperation with Brazil and South Africa. (2017, July 13). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/index.cfm?pg=newsalert&year=2017&na=na-130717","European Commission. (2017, October). Horizon 2020. Retrieved from Australia Country Page - European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/other/hi/h2020_localsupp_australia_en.pdf","European Commission. (2018). Roadmap for EU-Australia S&T Cooperation.","European Council. (2020, September 29). Council finalises its position on the Horizon Europe package. Retrieved from European Council News: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2020/09/29/council-finalises-its-position-on-the-horizon-europe-package/","European Research Infrastructures. (2020). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/strategy/european-research-infrastructures_en","European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures. (2018). Strategy report on research infrastructures.","Expert Working Group. (2016). 2016 National Research Infrastructure Roadmap. Australian Government.","21 Florio, M., Forte, S., Pancotti, C., Sirtori, E., & Vignetti, S. (2016). Exploring Cost-Benefit Analysis of Research, Development and Innovation Infrastructures: An Evaluation Framework. Working Papers, CSIL Centre for Industrial Studies.","Gastrow, M., & Oppelt, T. (2018). Big science and human development – what is the connection? South African Journal of Science, 1-7.","Global partnerships revealed. (2019, September 4). Retrieved from European Social Survey: europeansocialsurvey.org/about/news/essnews0072.html","Horizon 2020: Africa and the EU strengthen their cooperation in research and innovation. (2019, April 12). Retrieved from The Africa-EU Partnership: https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/en/stay-informed/news/horizon-2020-africa-and-eu-strengthen-their-cooperation-research-and-innovation","Horlings, E., Gurney, T., Somers, A., & van den Besselaar, P. (2013). The society footprint of big science. Rathenau Instituut.","IITA commences confined field trials of transgenic cassava. (2017, December 17). Retrieved from IITA: https://www.iita.org/news-item/commencement-confined-field-trials-transgenic-cassava/","(2019). International Research Infrastructure Landscape 2019: A European Perspective. RISCAPE. Low, H. A. (2013). Return on Investment in Large Scale Research Infrastructure. National Research Council Canada.","National Research Council. (2008). International Collaborations in Behavioral and Social Sciences: Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.","NCRIS. (2019). National Research Infrastructure Census (2017-18). Wallis Market and Social Research.","Obata, T., Klemens, P. A., Rosado-Souza, L., Schlereth, A., Gisel, A., Stavolone, L., . . . Neuhaus, H. E. (2020). Metabolic profiles of six African cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) highlight bottlenecks of root yield. The Plant Journal, 1-18.","Our Contribution to Society. (2020). Retrieved from CERN: https://home.cern/about/what-we-do/our-impact","PAERIP. (2012). Considerations for African-European partnerships in Research Infrastructure.","Pieruschka, R., & Schurr, U. (2019). Plant Phenotyping: Past, Present, and Future. Plant Phenomics.","Project launched with Africa to develop new energy and healthcare research. (2019, March 27). Retrieved from U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council: https://stfc.ukri.org/news/project-launched-with-africa-to-develop-new-energy-and-healthcare-research/","Ramoutar-Prieschl, R., & Hachigonta, S. (2020). Management of Research Infrastructures: A South African Funding Perspective. Springer.","Rebecca N. Johnson, D. O. (2018). Adaptation and conservation insights from the koala genome. Nature Genetics, 1102-1111.","Researching innovative opportunities with Australia. (2020, March 6). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/index.cfm?pg=australia","RI-VIS. (2020). Retrieved from RI-VIS: https://ri-vis.eu/","Schubert, T., & Sooryamoorthy, R. (2010). Can the centre–periphery model explain patterns of international scientific collaboration among threshold and industrialised countries? The case of South Africa and Germany. Scientometrics, 181-203.","(2016). South African Research Infrastructure Roadmap. Department of Science and Technology.","Stumpe, B., & Sutton, C. (2010, March 31). The first capacitative touch screens at CERN. Retrieved from CERN Courier: https://cerncourier.com/a/the-first-capacitative-touch-screens-at-cern/","Sustainable Development Goals. (2015). Retrieved from United Nations: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/","The birth of the Web. (2020). Retrieved from CERN: https://home.cern/science/computing/birth-web","The history of the ESS ERIC. (2020). Retrieved from European Social Survey: https://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/about/history.html","U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. (1995). International Partnerships in Large Science Projects. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office."]}

International cooperation in science and technology is an important part of addressing major global issues like climate change, infectious disease, food security and natural disasters. Research infrastructures (RIs) are organizations that enable scientists to use specific facilities, resources and services in order to accelerate scientific achievements, break boundaries and promote sustainable research. Fostering RI partnerships across borders has the potential to improve the efficiency and quality of research to tackle the many challenges faced by society today. The RI-VIS project is a Horizon 2020-funded project to increase the visibility and raise awareness of European RIs to new communities beyond Europe. This report, as part of RI-VIS, focuses on ways to increase collaboration between African and European RIs. It collates the insights of experts from African RIs, European RIs and policymakers into sections that cover examples of successful collaboration, lessons learned and possible challenges/bottlenecks.

International cooperation in science and technology is an important part of addressing major global issues like climate change, infectious diseases, food security and natural disasters. Research infrastructures (RIs) are organizations that enable scientists to use specific facilities, resources and services in order to accelerate scientific achievements, break boundaries and promote sustainable research. Fostering RI partnerships across borders has the potential to improve the efficiency and quality of research to tackle the many challenges faced by society today. RI-VIS is a Horizon 2020-funded project to increase the visibility and raise awareness of European RIs to new communities in Europe and beyond. This report, as part of RI-VIS, focuses on ways to increase collaboration between Latin American and European RIs. It collates the insights of experts from Latin American RIs, European RIs and policy makers into sections that cover examples of successful collaboration, lessons learned and possible challenges/bottlenecks., {"references":["Abecasis, R. C., & Pintar, B. (2020). RI-VIS Communication Toolkit for European Research Infrastructures. RI-VIS.","Barandiaran, J. (2015). Reaching for the Stars? Astronomy and Growth in Chile. Minerva, 141-164.","Belli, S., & Baltà, J. (2019). Stocktaking scientific publication on bi‐regional collaboration between Europe 28 and Latin America and the Caribbean. Scientometrics, 1447-1480.","Butrous, G. (2015). International research collaboration: the key to combating pulmonary vascular diseases in the developing world. Pulmonary Circulation, 413-414.","Catanzaro, M. (2014). South American science: Big players. Nature, 204-206.","Cherry, A., Haselip, J., Ralphs, G., & Wagner, I. E. (2018). Africa-Europe Research and Innovation Cooperation. Palgrave Macmillan.","Coccia, M., & Wang, L. (2016). Evolution and convergence of the patterns of international scientific collaboration. PNAS, 2057-2061.","CONACYT. (2006, August 31). CONACYT. Retrieved from COMPLEMENTARY SUPPORT FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL LABORATORIES FOR SCIENTIFIC INFRASTRUCTURE OR TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 2006: http://2006-2012.conacyt.gob.mx/fondos/institucionales/Ciencia/LaboratoriosNacionales/Paginas/default.aspx","Confined field trial of transgenic cassava is completely safe, says IITA scientist. (2018, April 29). Retrieved from IITA: http://bulletin.iita.org/index.php/2018/04/29/confined-field-trial-transgenic-cassava-safe/","Daenke, S., & Owens, R. (2017). Instruct comes of age. European Journal of Immunology, 1854-1856.","DARIAH Beyond Europe. (2019). Retrieved from Australia: https://dbe.hypotheses.org/workshops/australia","Data from South African survey now available. (2017, January 25). Retrieved from European Social Survey: https://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/about/singlenew.html?a=/about/news/essnews0018.html","De Negri, F., & de Holanda Schmidt Squeff, F. (2016). SISTEMAS SETORIAIS DE INOVAÇÃO E INFRAESTRUTURA DE PESQUISA NO BRASIL. Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada.","DESIR. (2017). Retrieved from DARIAH-EU: https://www.dariah.eu/activities/projects-and-affiliations/desir/","Dutra, R. C., Campos, M. M., Santos, A. R., & Calixto, J. B. (2016). Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. Pharmacological Research, 4-29.","Ebrecht, A. C., van der Bergh, N., Harrison, S. T., Smit, M. S., Sewell, B. T., & Opperman, D. J. (2019). Biochemical and structural insights into the cytochrome P450 reductase from Candida tropicalis. Scientific Reports.","e-IRG secretariat. (2017). Guide to e-Infrastructure Requirements for European Research Infrastructures.","ELIXIR. (2020, April 9). ELIXIR News. Retrieved from New collaboration strategy with the Australian BioCommons: https://elixir-europe.org/news/new-collaboration-strategy-australian-biocommons","ESF Member Organisation Forum on Research Infrastructures. (2013). Research Infrastructures in the European Research Area. European Science Foundation (ESF).","EU expands its research cooperation with Brazil and South Africa. (2017, July 13). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/index.cfm?pg=newsalert&year=2017&na=na-130717","EULAC PerMed. (2019). EULAC PerMed. Retrieved from https://www.eulac-permed.eu/","EU-LAC ResInfra. (2019, January 12). Retrieved from About the Project: https://resinfra-eulac.eu/about/","EU-LAC ResInfra. (2020). Report on the criteria, scientific areas and methodology to develop the LAC RI landscape. EU-LAC ResInfra.","EU-LAC WORKING GROUP ON RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES. (2017, March). Retrieved from The EU-CELAC Platform: https://www.eucelac-platform.eu/research-infrastructures","European Commission. (2017, October). Horizon 2020. Retrieved from Australia Country Page - European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/other/hi/h2020_localsupp_australia_en.pdf","European Commission. (2018). Roadmap for EU-Australia S&T Cooperation.","European Commission. (2018). Roadmap for EU-CELAC S&T cooperation.","European Council. (2020, September 29). Council finalises its position on the Horizon Europe package. Retrieved from European Council News: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2020/09/29/council-finalises-its-position-on-the-horizon-europe-package/","European Research Infrastructures. (2020). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/strategy/european-research-infrastructures_en","European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures. (2018). Strategy report on research infrastructures.","European Union External Action Service. (2018, July 16). EU-CELAC relations. Retrieved from EU in the World: https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage_en/13042/EU-CELAC%20relations","Expert Working Group. (2016). 2016 National Research Infrastructure Roadmap. Australian Government.","Florio, M., Forte, S., Pancotti, C., Sirtori, E., & Vignetti, S. (2016). Exploring Cost-Benefit Analysis of Research, Development and Innovation Infrastructures: An Evaluation Framework. Working Papers, CSIL Centre for Industrial Studies.","Gaillard, J., & Arvanitis, R. (2013). Research Collaborations between Europe and Latin America: Mapping and Understanding Partnership . Paris, France: Éditions des archives contemporaines.","Gastrow, M., & Oppelt, T. (2018). Big science and human development – what is the connection? South African Journal of Science, 1-7.","Global partnerships revealed. (2019, September 4). Retrieved from European Social Survey: europeansocialsurvey.org/about/news/essnews0072.html","HHMI Janelia Research Campus. (2017, December). Frontiers in Microscopy Technologies and Strategies for Bioimaging Centers Network. Retrieved from HHMI Janelia Research Campus: https://www.janelia.org/you-janelia/conferences/frontiers-in-microscopy-technologies-and-strategies-for-bioimaging-centers","Horizon 2020: Africa and the EU strengthen their cooperation in research and innovation. (2019, April 12). Retrieved from The Africa-EU Partnership: https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/en/stay-informed/news/horizon-2020-africa-and-eu-strengthen-their-cooperation-research-and-innovation","Horlings, E., Gurney, T., Somers, A., & van den Besselaar, P. (2013). The society footprint of big science. Rathenau Instituut.","IITA commences confined field trials of transgenic cassava. (2017, December 17). Retrieved from IITA: https://www.iita.org/news-item/commencement-confined-field-trials-transgenic-cassava/","(2019). International Research Infrastructure Landscape 2019: A European Perspective. RISCAPE.","Low, H. A. (2013). Return on Investment in Large Scale Research Infrastructure. National Research Council Canada.","Ministro de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. (2020). INFORME SOBRE INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN ARGENTINA. Argentina.","National Research Council. (2008). International Collaborations in Behavioral and Social Sciences: Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.","NCRIS. (2019). National Research Infrastructure Census (2017-18). Wallis Market and Social Research.","Obata, T., Klemens, P. A., Rosado-Souza, L., Schlereth, A., Gisel, A., Stavolone, L., . . . Neuhaus, H. E. (2020). Metabolic profiles of six African cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) highlight bottlenecks of root yield. The Plant Journal, 1-18.","Ordóñez-Matamoros, G., Cozzens, S. E., & García-Luque, M. (2010). International Co-Authorship and Research Team Performance in Colombia. Review of Policy Research, 415-431.","Our Contribution to Society. (2020). Retrieved from CERN: https://home.cern/about/what-we-do/our-impact","PAERIP. (2012). Considerations for African-European partnerships in Research Infrastructure.","Pieruschka, R., & Schurr, U. (2019). Plant Phenotyping: Past, Present, and Future. Plant Phenomics.","Project launched with Africa to develop new energy and healthcare research. (2019, March 27). Retrieved from U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council: https://stfc.ukri.org/news/project-launched-with-africa-to-develop-new-energy-and-healthcare-research/","Ramoutar-Prieschl, R., & Hachigonta, S. (2020). Management of Research Infrastructures: A South African Funding Perspective. Springer.","Rebecca N. Johnson, D. O. (2018). Adaptation and conservation insights from the koala genome. Nature Genetics, 1102-1111.","Researching innovative opportunities with Australia. (2020, March 6). Retrieved from European Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/index.cfm?pg=australia","RI-VIS. (2020). Retrieved from RI-VIS: https://ri-vis.eu/","Schubert, T., & Sooryamoorthy, R. (2010). Can the centre–periphery model explain patterns of international scientific collaboration among threshold and industrialised countries? The case of South Africa and Germany. Scientometrics, 181-203.","Senior Officials Meeting. (October 2020). 2021-2023 Strategic Roadmap for the implementation of the Brussels Declaration and EU-CELAC Action Plan on Science, Technology and Innovation. European Commission.","(2016). South African Research Infrastructure Roadmap. Department of Science and Technology.","Stumpe, B., & Sutton, C. (2010, March 31). The first capacitative touch screens at CERN. Retrieved from CERN Courier: https://cerncourier.com/a/the-first-capacitative-touch-screens-at-cern/","Sustainable Development Goals. (2015). Retrieved from United Nations: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/","The birth of the Web. (2020). Retrieved from CERN: https://home.cern/science/computing/birth-web","The history of the ESS ERIC. (2020). Retrieved from European Social Survey: https://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/about/history.html","U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. (1995). International Partnerships in Large Science Projects. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office."]}