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Objective: To explore the cognition of COVID-19 among different population in Henan province.Methods: With the Social Questionnaire for COVID-19(SQC), a self-made questionnaire, the cognition of the COVID-19 epidemic in Henan residents was investigated by online survey. Totally 13 541 valid questionnaires were obtained.Results: The proportion of the subjects who had a clear understanding of COVID-19’s general characteristics, incubation period, main symptoms, route of transmission, and the differences with a common influenza were 95.4%, 93.0%, 93.9%, 93.7% and 75.6%, respectively.The proportion with a clear understanding of the status of the epidemic and research progress were 94.2% and 69.5%, respectively.The proportion of subjects who judged COVID-19 to be highly infectious, low fatality rate and high cure rate were 82.2%, 23.0% and 32.1%, respectively.In Henan province, 59.9%, 84.4% and 84.2% of residents knew how to wear masks, wash hands properly and avoid gatherings with relatives and friends, 96.2% of the subjects wore masks outside.Conclusion: It suggests that the general cognition of COVID-19 among Henan Residents is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]