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Coal is an important fossil fuel energy that occupies a high position in the energy use of China and even the world. However, gas explosions are still the deadliest coal mine accident in China, which has long plagued the safety of energy mining. Only through accident cause analysis can we know the exact cause of the accident so as to make targeted policies, safety trainings, etc. However, the lack of detailed accident cause classification in current coal mine gas explosion accidents affects the comprehensiveness and accuracy of energy mining safety strategies. Therefore, in this study, a classification method for coal mine gas explosion accident causes based on the sixth edition 24Model and the three-element classification of gas explosions was proposed. Then, the consistency and validity of the newly established classification system were evaluated based on the three indicators, i.e., observer consistency, content validity, and criterion validity, and the performance of the classification system was verified. The results showed that the classification method exhibits good consistency and validity, and, compared with other classification methods, it can significantly improve the comprehensiveness of accident cause analysis results so as to obtain a more scientific energy mining safety strategy. In addition, the process used in this study to construct the classification and evaluate the performance of the classification is transferable, and it can provide a reference for the construction and evaluation of accident cause classifications in other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal is an important energy resource internationally. However, accidents have severely restricted the clean and safe production of coal resources. Among such accidents, coal and gas outburst accidents are a kind of coalmine disaster with high destructive power. Previous research on coal and gas outburst accidents mainly focused on gas factors but ignored the role of human factors. This paper analyses the coal and gas outburst accidents in China from 2008 to 2018 and studies its macroscopic laws. To better understand the causes of coal and gas outbursts, this paper uses the 24modelel to analyse coal and gas accidents and suggest measures for accident prevention from the two aspects 'gas' (risk control) and 'humans' (behavioural safety). Macroscopic law research found the following: (1) March, May, July, and August are the predominant months for accidents. (2) The second to fourth hours of the working hours and the first hour before the end of work are the peak periods for accidents. (3) Guizhou, Hunan, Henan, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Chongqing are the provinces with the most coal and gas outburst accidents. (4) An overall 75.82 % of accidents occurred in the driving face, and 81.08 % of accidents occurred in coal and gas outburst mines. (5) Blasting, drilling, driving, and coal falling are the main inducing factors. Case analysis of accidents found the following: (1) Human error is the leading cause of accidents. Among the errors, the lack of strict enforcement of outburst prevention measures, illegal command, and the illegal operation of miners are the main unsafe acts. (2) Safety knowledge and awareness of miners is not generally high, and serious habitual violations and unsafe psychologies exist. (3) The gas comprehensive prevention system and supervision system in the coal mine safety management system (SMS) can be easily operated improperly, and the safety training system and emergency management system can be absent. (4) Coalmine enterprises seriously lack safety culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]