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Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between pre‐ and postoperative joint line convergence angle (JLCA) changes and patient‐reported outcome measures related to medial open‐wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). Methods: Sixty‐one patients (71 knees) who underwent MOWHTO were examined. Preoperative and 2‐year postoperative radiographic parameters (hip–knee–ankle angle, weight‐bearing line ratio, medial proximal tibial angle and JLCA) were measured, and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS) were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups: group D (decreased JLCA compared with preoperative status) included 44 knees with a ΔJLCA < 0° and group I (increased JLCA and no‐change JLCA compared with preoperative status) included 27 knees with a ΔJLCA ≥ 0°. KOOS sub‐scores and the proportion of patients whose improvement exceeded the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) were compared between both groups using Student's t tests, Mann–Whitney U tests and chi‐square tests. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factor that had an influential effect on the postoperative KOOS total. Results: Significant differences in 2‐year postoperative KOOS were observed between the two groups, including total, symptom, pain and activities of daily living scores. Group D had significantly more patients who achieved MCID for both KOOS symptoms and pain scores than group I did. Multivariate analysis indicated that JLCA change and body mass index were significantly associated with the postoperative KOOS total. Conclusion: Patients with decreased JLCA had better 2‐year post‐MOWHTO KOOS and better symptom and pain improvements. Therefore, strategies that reduce JLCA are crucial to improving clinical outcomes, and efforts should be made to improve JLCA in surgical techniques. Level of Evidence: Level Ⅳ, Case series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Although both anti-PD-1 antibody and treatments using anti-PD-L1 antibody are currently in clinical use, their therapeutic effects vary according to cancer type. One of the factors accounting for this variability is the expression level of the immune checkpoint molecule that differs between cancer types; thus, it is important to clarify the relationship between clinical outcomes and immune checkpoint molecules for all types of human cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma in relation to PD-L1, PRF, GZMB, and IFNγ expression. Methods: Using 19 clinical specimens of osteosarcoma, we examined the expression of PD-L1, PRF, GZMB, and IFNγ in relation to their clinical outcomes. Results: PD-L1 expression correlated with early metastatic formation in clinical specimens of osteosarcoma, and the group with highly expressed functional markers for T cells such as PRF and GZMB resulted in a long overall survival time. Conclusion: This is the first study to elucidate the clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma in relation to PD-L1, PRF, GZMB, and IFNγ expression. This study provides valuable information regarding the clinical indication and prediction of effect for anti-PD-1 antibody in osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]