Search

This research investigates the intricate relationships between economic variables and how they affect South Asian nation's ability to develop sustainably. Given the growing concerns about climate change and global warming brought on by emissions of greenhouse gases, this study looks into the connection between emissions of CO 2 , green energy, industrialization, foreign direct investment, economic globalization, and financial development from 1995 to 2022. Second-generation panel techniques were employed in this study to look at the relationship between variables because of the potential of residual cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity. The empirical outcomes display that green energy, economic globalization, and financial development reduce CO 2 emissions by 1.839%, 1.223%, and 3.902% respectively. Industrialization and foreign direct investment degrade the environment by 4.302% and 1.893% respectively. A bidirectional causality link between green energy, industrialization, economic globalization, and CO 2 emissions was found by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (D-H). Based on our findings, we recommend legislative support for renewable energy, cleaner technologies, and strict environmental regulations, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Encouraging FDI, sustainable practices, and financial development can drive economic growth while preserving the environment. As we approach COP28, this holistic approach to sustainable development becomes increasingly vital for South Asian countries to achieve their SDG targets and combat climate change., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has made us wonder what led to its occurrence and what can be done to avoid such events in the future. As we document, one changing circumstance that is resulting in the emergence and changing the expression of viral diseases in both plants and animals is climate change. Of note, the rapidly changing environment and weather conditions such as excessive flooding, droughts, and forest fires have raised concerns about the global ecosystem's security, sustainability, and balance. In this review, we discuss the main consequences of climate change and link these to how they impact the appearance of new viral pathogens, how they may facilitate transmission between usual and novel hosts, and how they may also affect the host's ability to manage the infection. We emphasize how changes in temperature and humidity and other events associated with climate change influence the reservoirs of viral infections, their transmission by insects and other intermediates, their survival outside the host as well the success of infection in plants and animals. We conclude that climate change has mainly detrimental consequences for the emergence, transmission, and outcome of viral infections and plead the case for halting and hopefully reversing this dangerous event.

Cluster policies have been implemented for many years across Europe. Within an evolutionary perspective, industrial development policies need to be updated, and adapted to respond to new changing scenarios, challenges and demands of the social and economic community. It is the case of the challenges raised by climate change and the recent international summits and agreements (e.g. 2016 Paris Agreement or the recent COP27 in Sharm-el-Sheikh) or by exogenous shocks to supply and demand due to present international crises. This is the focus of this paper that analyses the evolution of cluster policies and identifies a specific gap that could and should be addressed soon. The policy literature thoroughly examines several areas that cluster policy should target to respond to the afore-mentioned challenges. However, one component is not adequately considered. This is the social capital linked to the important migration waves that have modified the social spectrum of European economies and have produced a strong impact on the way industry clusters function. Specific actions are required to address these important transformations and to restore the 'social embeddedness of economic action' and the social capital that ignites the competitive capacity of clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In August 2023, a collective of arts and humanities scholars undertook a mobile residency on the Far West Coast of South Australia, along the Great Australian Bight. Moving through deeply storied country that is largely marginal and neglected in the cultural and political imaginary, and negotiating our relation to this displacement as settler-colonial scholars with the privilege of mobility, the residency sought creative and critical approaches to self, place and others that might build capacity for shared reparative futures. Encounter, embodiment and entanglement – modes of staying with shadows cast by global forces of capitalism, industrialization, colonization and climate change and, just as importantly, staying clear of research methods that rehearse epistemic violence – formed the core of our intentionally indeterminate methodology. In keeping with a framework that accepts the contingency of knowledge and knowledge production, we offer not findings but seekings: invitations to engage in pursuing new collaborations, methods and politics for expanding imaginaries of materiality and connection, resistant to the dematerialization, dissociation and disregard inherent to the contemporary global order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ilex latifolia Thunb., a plant of significant economic and medicinal value, is both edible and medicinal. Assessing the climate suitability for I. latifolia has profound implications for advancing medical progress and enhancing the quality of human life. This study comprehensively utilized data on the field distribution of I. Latifolia, as well as corresponding climatic, topographical, and soil data at these distribution points, with the aid of future climate data predicted by global climate models, and employed the MaxEnt model to predict and analyze the climate suitability areas of I. latifolia under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585). The research covers the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, suitable growth range, and influencing factors from the present to the end of the 21st century (2041–2100). The predictive results of the MaxEnt model indicate that, under current climatic conditions, the main suitable growth areas for I. latifolia are concentrated in the southeastern part of China, especially in the provinces of Fujian and Zhejiang. However, facing the challenges of future climate change, it is expected that the moderately high suitable growth areas for I. latifolia will show a trend of gradual reduction. The primary climatic factors crucial for I. latifolia's growth are annual precipitation (1469.05 to 4499.50 mm), the lowest temperature in the coldest month (−18.72 to 3.88 °C), seasonal precipitation changes (11.94 to 64.69 mm), and topographic slope (0.37 to 3.00°), with annual precipitation being the most influential. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for the introduction of I. latifolia and offer important reference information for the artificial cultivation, resource development, and achievement of sustainable industrial development of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a context marked by an upsurge in the scale of climate change and its consequences in Africa, this article explores ways to increase the resilience of African economies. It aims to analyze the effect of industrialization on the continent's vulnerability to climate change (VCC). The sample used for this purpose consists of 41 African countries from 2010 to 2021. A dynamic panel model is estimated using the system generalized method of moments. Results show that industrialization reduces the VCC in African countries. It reduces their sensitivity to climate change while increasing their adaptive capacity. Furthermore, results show that industrialization is more likely to reduce the VCC in sectors such as ecosystems, habitat, health, and infrastructures whereas it increases vulnerability to climate change in the food and water sectors. The results, however, reject the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis between industrialization and VCC. These results are robust to the change in industrialization measures. Therefore, African countries would benefit from pursuing their industrial development through greater use of renewable energy. This can help them to sustainably reduce their VCC. In addition, they need to implement specific measures to adapt to climate change in the food and water sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global climate change (GCC) is defined as a process that is considered the most crucial problem of the current century and will affect all living things and ecosystems in the world. In order to specify the potential impacts of this phenomenon, which does not seem possible to stop, it is necessary first to predict the change in climate types. Therefore, the current study aimed to define the shift of climate classifications (according to De Martonne, Erinç, and Emberger climate category) in 2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100 for Bursa, one of the largest cities in Türkiye, according to the SSPs 245 and SSPs585 scenarios, and compare it with its current situation. As a result, it was determined that the climate types in Bursa province would change significantly and primarily manifest as a shift into arid climate types. It is recommended to take precautions on a sectoral basis to avoid the devastating effects of GCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate crisis continue to animate environmental policy debate and remains a fundamental global concern. While natural resources use and industrialization are main drivers of climate change especially in developing countries like Africa, previous empirical studies have failed to analyze the simultaneous effect of both on climate change. To close this gap, the current study investigates the relationship between natural resources use, industrialization and climate change in Africa. Specifically, this study analyzes the effect of natural resources rents and value added in manufacturing on carbon dioxide emissions. Addressing these issues is important, as the implications of natural resources extraction and industrial development on environmental sustainability cannot be underestimated. This paper is very relevant because of the limited research on comprehensive frameworks that integrate natural resources use with industrialization policies specific to Africa. Using data from 2005 to 2022 for 45 African countries obtained from the African Infrastructural and World Bank databases, and employing the Cross-Sectional Feasible Generalized Least Squares, Driscoll-Kraay effects, Dynamic Driscoll-Kraay effects and Panel Quantile on Quantile regression techniques, the empirical findings revealed that natural resources rents and industrialization adversely contribute to climate change in Africa. Quantitative results show that a 1% increase in natural resource rents increased carbon dioxide emissions by 0.000103% for both Feasible Generalized Least Squares and Driscoll-Kraay estimates and by 0.00813% for the Dynamic Driscoll-Kraay estimates. Furthermore, a 1% increase in value added in manufacturing led to a 0.377% increase in carbon dioxide emissions for both Feasible Generalized Least Squares and Driscoll-Kraay estimates and a 0.157% increase for Dynamic Driscoll-Kraay estimates. The result also shows that the effect of natural resource extraction and industrialization on climate change become negative at both the 25% quantile and 50% quantile. However, this turning point becomes nullified at the 75% and at 90% quantiles. Africa should adopt a green path to natural resource use and industrialization.

Despite their promises of wealth creation, productivity increase, and improved living circumstances in Africa, industrialization, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows have the potential to endanger the continent's climate, particularly given the nature of energy intensity and associated emissions connected with their expansion. Thus, this study empirically examined the extent to which industrialization and FDI inflows contribute to the predictability of climate change in Africa, focusing on the top 10 greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting countries on the continent with data spanning from 1990 to 2023. Employing a bias-adjusted ordinary least square estimation technique, we considered both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts that include several scenario analyses. We reveal both industrialization and FDI inflows as significant predictors of climate change in Africa but with varying degrees of environmental threats. This provides the foundation for, among other things, the suggestion that African continental and sub-regional bodies consider the need for differences in climate commitment strategies across the region based on the varying nature and magnitude of manufacturing intensity and FDI inflows, as well as associated GHG emissions and the nature of climate change vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual alienation, which began in the previous century with the industrialization revolution, has now progressed to the level of ecosystem alienation. Catastrophic destruction that occurs with the disruption of natural ecosystem functions proceeds insidiously. The main objective of this study is to make paraecological approaches more understandable, and aid efforts to make nature conservation and environmental ethics a way of life in the solution of environmental problems caused by ecosystemic alienation. With the magic of hedonism, an alienated person becomes lonely and robotic. Today, modernity is the main activator of alienation. Weak living things, which constitute the basic paradigm of modernity, must constantly feed this system. However, maintaining modernity tends to destroy the system by exploiting it. Ecological destruction, such as climate change, drought, and desertification have reached a global threat level. Living things are unaware that they are preparing to perish under the threat of alienation, along with their systems. Ecosystemic alienation, a latent virus that has existed for over a century, is the highest level of alienation. Selling or bartering these functions by calculating the financial value of the services and functions of natural ecosystems is another indicator of alienation. The solution is not to destroy the alienated humans (aliens) responsible for the degradation of ecosystems, but to push them to the limits and neutralize them. Efforts to create virtuous people who will solve ecological problems and adopt living as a part of nature cannot be realized with utopian principles. Adoption of global nature conservation ethics is possible with lifelong education for all ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following global warming and climate change issues, environmental policies are receiving renewed interest in the context of the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Using a panel of 17 African countries over the period 2000–2019 and based on ordinary least squared, Driscoll and Kraay standard error and generalized method of moment, this paper empirically analyses the effect of environmental tax regulation on industrialization. Our results establish a negative and significant effect of environmental regulation through green tax scheme on industrialization. These findings are consistent and robust to the use of an alternative dependent variable (Manufacturing) and other estimation methods. Also, by splitting the sample into monetary zone, the initial result is found to be consistently significant only in Non FCFA zone. Moreover, Quantile analysis reveals some heterogeneity across the industrialization distribution. Indeed, there is a threshold discrepancy between lower (0.25)–median (0,50) income countries in which the effects of environmental tax on industrialization is confirmed to be significantly negative and upper-income countries (0.75) where the effect is positive but not significant. These findings suggest that green tax regulations in our sample of selected African countries, destroy more industries than they could create. We therefore recommend that environmental tax policies should be moderate on African countries at least in the short run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy demand in Australia is increasing with the industrialization and rapid economic growth. This study analyzed the relationships among the economic growth, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade openness, urbanization, and energy usage in Australia based on the data from World Development Indicators (WDI) from 1972 to 2021. The results indicated that there is a cointegration among economic growth, FDI, trade openness, urbanization, and energy usage, which was traced through the autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL). The Zivot-Andrews unit root test reveals that energy usage, economic growth, FDI, urbanization, and trade openness show significant structural breaks in 1993, 1996, 1982, 2008, and 1994, respectively. The ARDL model shows that economic growth has a positive and significant effect on energy usage in the long-run (0.814) and short-run (0.809). Moreover, the results also show that FDI (0.028) and trade openness (0.043) have positive impacts on energy usage in the long-run. However, urbanization shows a negative and significant influence on energy usage in the long-run (=0.965). Then, the research demonstrates a unidirectional causation between energy usage and trade openness, with energy usage significantly causing trade openness. The current study endorses energy consumption policies and investment strategies for a paradigm shifting from a reliance on fossil fuels as the primary energy source to renewable energy sources. These findings have profound implications for sustainable energy usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial reception spaces (IRSs) are receptacles for a large part of the national socioeconomic activity in Morocco. They contribute substantially to sustaining economic growth and national dynamics of industrialization. These areas are increasingly faced with several constraints, notably deficient infrastructure, competitiveness, and compliance with the new environmental legislation. These constraints stem from the proven and potential impacts of CC on both individual industrial units and the IRS as a common space. There is an urgent need to make these spaces environment-friendly and more resilient to current and future climate risks through appropriate methodological approaches, leading to effective climate risk management and implementation of proactive CC adaptation strategies. This was the context in which this study was conducted. As a case study, the industrial area (IA) of Aït Melloul, located near the city of Agadir in Morocco, was based on a participatory approach of climate risk assessment involving a task force representing the main socio-economic and state operators concerned by this IA. This was accomplished by analyzing the risks and vulnerabilities of the IRS and the agri-food units within it. The analysis provides key elements for a future strategy for business sector resilience and energy transition. The new project to requalify Ait Melloul IA would provide an opportunity to incorporate these elements as well as to capitalize on lessons learned from programs at the local level, particularly about energy efficiency and building the adaptive capacity of businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite their promises of wealth creation, productivity increase, and improved living circumstances in Africa, industrialization, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows have the potential to endanger the continent’s climate, particularly given the nature of energy intensity and associated emissions connected with their expansion. Thus, this study empirically examined the extent to which industrialization and FDI inflows contribute to the predictability of climate change in Africa, focusing on the top 10 greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting countries on the continent with data spanning from 1990 to 2023. Employing a bias-adjusted ordinary least square estimation technique, we considered both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts that include several scenario analyses. We reveal both industrialization and FDI inflows as significant predictors of climate change in Africa but with varying degrees of environmental threats. This provides the foundation for, among other things, the suggestion that African continental and sub-regional bodies consider the need for differences in climate commitment strategies across the region based on the varying nature and magnitude of manufacturing intensity and FDI inflows, as well as associated GHG emissions and the nature of climate change vulnerability.

This editorial discusses the impact of global industrial manufacturing on carbon emissions and the development of new energy and technologies to reduce carbon. It highlights the importance of reducing carbon emissions to address the challenges of climate change and rising global temperatures. The article presents data on carbon emission trends by country and emphasizes the need for international cooperation to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. It also includes studies on the correlation between greenhouse gas emissions and financial expenditures, as well as the factors influencing carbon emissions in various industries. The editorial concludes by discussing the contribution of the research topic in exploring the transition to low carbon and providing insights from different perspectives. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the ongoing green re-industrialization in the northern parts of Sweden in response to the climate crisis. The investment of up to SEK 1.1 billion aims to develop basic industries like mining and steel production to reduce carbon emissions and achieve fossil-free operations. However, this transition also presents challenges such as the need for a larger workforce, population growth, and its impact on indigenous Sami communities. The study focuses on analyzing media discourses and the role of news media in shaping narratives and understanding the ongoing transition towards more sustainable and just communities in the Swedish North. [Extracted from the article]

This article presents the results of research on the changes and variability of snow cover in Kraków in the 100-year period 1921/22–2020/21 and in its two sub-periods covering the years of the slow and rapid territorial, urban and industrial development of Kraków (respectively, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21). The long-term variability of the number of days with snow cover, the maximum depth of the snow layer, the dates of the beginning and end of snow cover duration in the winter season, the potential snow cover duration and the index of snow cover stability were analysed. The directions of changes in the snow cover in the last 100 winter seasons in Kraków correspond to the global changes in air temperature presented in the latest IPCC reports: until the end of the 1950s there were no significant trends, or only small trends were observed, whereas from the beginning of the 1960s faster changes in the snow cover duration and maximum seasonal snow depth have been visible. In the last 60 years (1961/62–2020/21), the impact of global changes in Kraków has been joined by the impact of territorial, demographic and industrial development of the city, causing significant negative trends in snow cover with relative values of less than −9% · 10 years−1, both in the case of snow cover duration and its maximum depth in the winter season; these changes are statistically significant. Throughout the whole 100-year period (1921/22–2020/21) and in its second part (1961/62–2020/21), a decrease in snow cover stability has also been observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ASEAN are struggling due to gigantic challenges related to climate complexities and energy scarcity. In this regard, this is the prime concern of region that how low carbon energy transition can be embraced when there is a high consumption of non-renewable ratio in energy mix. Hence, the study examines the role of carbon finance, carbon taxes, sustainable energy technologies (solar and hydroelectric), industrialization, and population growth on the low-carbon energy transition by following MMQR approach. Outcomes indicate that carbon finance, carbon taxes, sustainable energy technologies (solar and hydroelectric), industrialization, and population growth are positively linked with low-carbon energy transition in ASEAN countries. Based on the evidences, it implies that in order to accelerate renewable shares, clean technologies adoption and green investment in climate friendly methods are needed to achieve zero-carbon goal. • Carbon finance and carbon tax are positively linked to clean energy transitions. • Carbon finance enhances the business operations without causing carbon emissions. • Carbon tax and finance help replacing carbon-emitting energy with low-carbon energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-standing development pattern dominated by international circulation makes China face the risk of "low-end lock-in" and "being decoupling". In addition, the current global climate change and environmental crisis are becoming increasingly severe, coupled with the COVID-19 impact. Chinese enterprises must actively build a green development system for domestic industries in a mutually reinforcing manner in the context of the domestic general circulation, in order to adapt to the new dual circulation environment as soon as possible. This paper analyzes the specific coupling and coordination relationship between the two systems based on the relevant data of China's three major industries from 2008–2014 using Index DEA, entropy value method, gray correlation analysis and coupling coordination model. The results of the study show that: the two systems of dual circulation pattern and industrial green development have a strong correlation and basically present a coupling relationship, but within the industry, there is a problem of the collapse of the tertiary industry. In terms of the type of coupling, the domestic and international circulation in general gradually present the green development leading state, except for the primary industrial segment of the international circulation. On the whole, the coupling quality of the two systems needs to be further improved. Based on this, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: (1) coordinate the internal and external development of the industry; (2) take innovation as the driving force to promote the green transformation of industries; (3) take green sharing as the goal to strengthen the policy orientation of green development; (4) take the opportunity of mutual promotion of dual circulation to stabilize the steady state of green development coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal oceans host 40% of the world population and amount to $1.5 trillion of the global economy. Studying, managing, and developing the coastal regions require decades-long information about their environment. Long-term ocean measurements are, however, lacking for most coastal regions and often global reanalyses are used instead. These are, however, coarse in nature and tuned for the global circulations. The Red Sea (RS) is a narrow basin connected to the Indian Ocean through the Bab-al-Mandab Strait. Despite being the busiest commercial crossroad and hosting the world's third largest coral reef system, the RS lacks long-term observations. A recent increase in population and an unprecedented acceleration in governmental and industrial developments further emphasized the need for long-term datasets to support its development and the sustainability of its habitats, and to understand its response to a changing climate. Toward this end, we have generated a 20-yr high-resolution reanalysis for the RS (RSRA) using a state-of-the-art ensemble data assimilation system incorporating available observations. Compared to global reanalyses, RSRA provides a markedly better description of the RS general and mesoscale circulation features, their variability, and trends. In particular, RSRA accurately captures the three-layer summer transport through the Bab-al-Mandab, simulated as two-layer transport by some global reanalyses. It further reproduces the seasonal anomalies, whereas global reanalyses misidentify some seasons as anomalous. Global reanalyses further overestimate the interannual variations in salinity, misrepresent the trend in temperature, and underestimate the trend in sea level. Our study clearly emphasizes the importance of generating dedicated high-resolution regional ocean reanalyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives a comprehensive review of how human activities influence normal hydrological forms by clarifying the diverse impacts on the accessibility, quality, and conveyance of water. The paper revealed the complex exchange between data and natural morals that are reconfiguring the worldwide water scene through conflicting facts of major causes like urbanization, deforestation, industrialization, and climate change. The natural areas are all disturbed by human activities and pollution and by these changes the impact is on run-off patterns, infiltration rates, and groundwater recharge processes. In metropolitan cities, there are more impermeable spaces which leads to more runoffs. In these areas, the water filtration rate and groundwater recharge are very low. Dams and other hydropower and water system processes that disturb the natural stream of waterways in addition to their aquatic habitat division have too changed stream morphology. Urban stormwater, industrial and farming runoff, are among numerous other sources contaminate freshwater systems with pathogens heavy metals, chemicals supplements, etc hence risking both human life and natural maintainability. Changes in precipitation and temperature impact the timing of snow melt, patterns of river flow, and restoration of groundwater; changes in disaster patterns together with sea level rise worsen coastal flooding and fresh-water salinization. These adjustments to common hydrologic processes have significant suggestions for biological systems, communities, and economies consisting of water accessibility for farming, industry, and domestic purposes, energy generation, and human well being. Among procedures aimed at reacting to these challenges is the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) which contends for comprehensive approaches that accommodate competing requests over water resources while guaranteeing their supportability as well as adaptability to hydrological unpredictability of availability. Feasible water administration requires an extend of activities such as water preservation and proficiency measures, contamination control, watershed management, and climate alteration adjustment. As it may, social orders can explore these exceedingly complicated interconnected issues on their water assets by adopting administrative systems, innovative advancements, and shifts in social conduct that will be pointed at economical water utilization for the eras to come.

Waste management is a worldwide issue other than climate change and global warming. In the ASEAN, there is an extraordinary increase in solid waste traced to urbanization, industrial development, and economic growth. While the Philippines enacted the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act, local governments passed the Environment Code. This study determined the extent of implementation of the city ordinance on solid waste management of communities in terms of the variables assessed by a sample size of 67 implementers and 384 residents identified by stratified random sampling. It also investigated the challenges encountered by the respondents in the implementation. Likewise, the differences were determined according to the geographical location of coastal, upland, and lowlands and when respondents were grouped according to designation. Using descriptive analysis, the results revealed that, as a whole, implementation of the provisions of the city ordinance is, to a great extent, with waste generation as the highest while handling and on-site storage the lowest, but several challenges were encountered. The comparative analysis revealed no significant difference in the extent of implementation when respondents were grouped according to designation in all areas except waste disposal. However, there was a significant difference when communities were grouped by geographical location, with lowland residents rating higher than the rest. Three groups of challenges emerged from the study: administrative, procedural, and policy issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global climate crisis and its social ramifications are pushing us to rethink the current industrial system grounded on the paradigm take-make-discard. Designers started looking at nature not only as a model but as a collaborator in the design process, envisioning possible circular alternatives for our production-consumption systems. The research illustrates a diffuse micro-factory operating model for microbial nanocellulose fabrication and retail, grounded on bottom-up and co-design approaches. The aim is to bypass the long lead times which usually characterise the industrial development of new materials, making biomaterials available through everyday products favouring a familiarisation and demystification process. In order to bring structural changes rather than symptomatic solutions, we need indeed to match the techno-scientific biofabrication revolution to a cultural revolution, integrating the scopes of design and science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy crisis that has taken place in 2022 as a consequence of Ukraine's Russian invasion has meant a turning point for the energy system, especially for the Europe's energy system. The long-time established model developed since the soviet times in which Russia played a central role has collapsed. The European Union not only has drastically diminished its import dependency from the Russian gas, but has also set up the basic foundation for a renewed energy model. Its main elements are analysed in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Korunk is the property of Korunk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The transition to climate neutrality requires cost reductions in existing clean technologies to enable rapid deployment on a large scale, as well as the development of emerging technologies such as green hydrogen. This policy paper argues that science, technology, innovation, and industrial (STI&I) policies focusing on developing and deploying low-carbon technologies are crucial to achieving carbon neutrality. It notes however that the current level of innovation is insufficient to meet the net-zero challenge due to a policy emphasis on deployment rather than research and development (R&D) support. The paper explores the rationale for more ambitious STI&I policies targeted at R&D for climate neutrality and provides policy recommendations for an effective innovation policy for net-zero, including its interaction with the broader climate policy package. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic relationship between economic activity (economic growth) and environmental impact (carbon dioxide emissions) is the most debated topic in the present world. The global world is intended to curb environmental impact up to a threshold level of the 1990s while maintaining the same pace of economic growth. This study analyzes the decoupling of economic activity from environmental impact and its main driving forces from 1980 to 2018 for Pakistan. The decoupling status is examined using Tapio decoupling elasticity analysis. The cointegration and Impulse Response Function (IRF) are employed to explore the role of main decoupling drivers. The Tapio decoupling results exhibit that Pakistan experienced Expensive Negative Decoupling (END) for multiple years. Similarly, the Johanson Juselius (JJ) Cointegration assures the presence of a long-term relationship between the selected variables. The long-term regression estimates show that carbon intensity and urbanization are the main decoupling drivers. The industrialization and economic growth also weaken the decoupling progress in Pakistan. The value addition of the paper is that it exposes industrialization and urbanization as the two prominent factors of both economic growth and carbon emissions. Further, the industrial sector of Pakistan operates on polluted industrial stock, which needs to be replaced with energy-efficient technological stock. The study also added that renewable energy needs to be indulged in the industrial and urban sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comprehensive perspective of transformative regional development is pertinent considering complex present and future challenges such as the climate crisis. Particularly in face of ecological boundaries which manifest themselves in limited resources and result in social disputes, a realistic grip on transformative regional development is of utmost importance. To advance this field, we propose a research agenda that draws on the debates on regional industrial path development and sustainability transitions. We define two core dimensions: interrelations between several industrial paths and interrelations between regions and between spatial scales. We argue that both dimensions need to be considered against ecological boundaries and as embedded in social dynamics. We combine specific questions on these interrelations into a research agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the monitoring results of the content of chemical elements (As, Cr, B, Ba, Li, Mo, Pb, Sb, Sr, U, and Cr) in the water of transboundary rivers of Kazakhstan (Shagan, Ural (kaz. Zhayik), Ilek, Tobol, Ayat, Irtysh (kaz. Yertys), Emel, Ili (kaz. Ile), Tekes, Shu, Kara-Balta, Talas, and Syr Darya) conducted in 2020. The toxic element concentrations underwent comparison with background levels (Clark[e] numbers) and maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), with sub-sequent calculation of the total toxicity index (KHL). The study showed that practically all the inves-tigated rivers were subject to contamination, with uranium and lithium as the greatest contributors to surface water toxicity. The rivers in Southern and South-Eastern Kazakhstan - namely, the Kara-Balta, Syr Darya and Shu - were found to be most exposed. For instance, the KHL of the Kara-Balta River water exceeded the permissible threshold by over 5.9 times. The lowest KHL value (<1) corre-sponded to the Yertys and Ile Rivers. The research made it possible to identify the toxicity of trans-boundary waters flowing into the territory of Kazakhstan, as well as provided basis for further in-vestigation to identify pollution sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B I [A] successful, reinvigorated national industrial policy depends on a humane and inclusionary immigration policy. i b Can the labor movement and the left organize for a green industrial policy I and i an inclusionary immigration policy bold enough to stop climate change? Keywords: capitalism; climate change; environmental movement; green economy; immigrant workers; industrialization; labor; neoliberalism; populism; racism EN capitalism climate change environmental movement green economy immigrant workers industrialization labor neoliberalism populism racism 50 58 9 02/07/23 20230101 NES 230101 Graph: The Climate Strike and march in Pittsburgh on September 24, 2021.Mark Dixon, Flickr After years of sidelining and irrelevance in the market-dominated climate policy world, the American left struck green gold with the Green New Deal (GND) - substantially expanding the horizon of political possibility in green industrial policy. The GND framework, if not affirmatively messaged, can reproduce the exclusionary logics of the original New Deal.[29] A GND with Immigrants at the Center The degrowth movement has been a complementary, sometimes opposing parallel framework to the GND. [Extracted from the article]

Human social life is deeply embedded in ecological processes, and as Johan Goudsblom has stressed, the interdependencies between humans and their “natural” environment have changed in the course of history. According to Goudsblom, three great ecological transformations can be observed in the course of the civilising process: the control of fire, the transition from gathering and hunting to producing food by agriculture and animal husbandry, and industrialisation. In recent years, both scientists and the public of Western societies have become increasingly aware that a fourth ecological transformation (towards more sustainable consumption and lifestyles) is necessary in order to minimise the effects of climate change. However, although most people are aware of the need for more sustainable consumption, very little seems to change, and even consumers desperately struggling to change their lifestyle, seem to fail in their efforts. Using the example of the Berlin food market, I argue that the causes for this lack of change cannot be understood without understanding the structure and power balances in global value chains which are deeply rooted in history, which have evolved in the course of centuries, and which in the course of the third ecological transformation (industrialisation and urbanisation) not only became the keystone of modern capitalism but since then are also deeply engrained in material urban, transport routes and production infrastructures. These spatial arrangements not only stabilise a specific mode of production by forcing social processes into path-dependence. They also hide power balances and drive human social life to an unsustainable lifestyle. Knowledge plays a key role in maintaining both circulation along the commodity chain and the existing power balances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid raising ecological concerns, the role of sustainable financial system and emerging technologies have gained significant attention. And a relatively less attention has been given to these factors in emerging economies. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effects of financial development and technology innovation on climate change (CO2 emissions) in Emerging Seven countries over the period 1980–2020. In doing so, we have adopted a dynamic panel data model, that is, generalized method of moments, where climate change is given as an endogenous function of financial development and technology innovation by controlling the effects of economic growth, trade openness, population, industrialization, and urbanization. The overall results exhibit that the direct effect of financial development on climate change is adverse; however, the indirect effect through moderation of technology innovation is significantly positive. These outcomes imply that technology innovation is imperative to neutralize the negative consequences of financial development on climate change. These findings advocate financial reforms that effectively encourage and incentivize firms to embrace efficient and environmental friendly technologies in the financial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to examine the climate change in Bangladesh as a cause of industrialization. Over the last few decades, pollution of the environment has become a significant concern in the case of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative data were utilized to write this article. Primary and secondary data on the environment, national policy, and technology have been gathered. Research results show that rapid and unplanned industrialization has turned into the main cause of the endangered environment. The toxic waste materials of industries are dumped into water and ground, causing air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. As a result, the people of the riverbank are suffering a lot. Though industrial development is very much required for a country’s development, it is also undermining the environment which will destroy the natural balance and impose a long-term effect on climate in near future. In Bangladesh, industries are developed in an unplanned and centralized way without following any particular guidelines. The poor waste management system of industries are polluting rivers and toxic emission is polluting the air as well. Natural resources are used by the industries, causing an imbalance in nature. Forests are cut down massively, which increases the chance of various natural disasters. Industrialization has a long-term effect on climate change which also increases the average temperature of the earth known as global warming. Climate change also increases the chance of various natural disasters, unemployment, food scarcity, diseases, and extinction of wildlife.

Rivers are critical to human life because they are strategically significant in the world, providing primary water supplies for various purposes. Rivers are the prime importance of any country as most of the cities are settled near the river. Due to developmental activities and increase in population, it will result in huge waste generation. Surface water quality is affected because of increasing urbanization and industrialization. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of climate change and industrialization on the water quality of the Sabarmati river using a mathematical model. For this study, four important towns along the lower Sabarmati River have been considered and water quality data was considered from 2005 to 2015. In this study, different water quality parameters were considered to derive a water quality model. Results show the water quality downstream after Ahmedabad city is worse compared to the other location where the Maximum WQI is 0.71 at Rasikapur and average WQI is 0.50 for the same location for the last 15 years. It has been observed that the effect of the monsoon and also by comparing time scale water quality model the role of regulations for industrialization also plays an important role in the quality of Sabarmati river. HIGHLIGHTS Water quality modelling by using fuzzy logic approach for Sabarmati river.; Calculate and analyze the WQI for Sabarmati River for the last 15-year time period.; Analyze the impact of climate change and industrialization on river water quality.; Comparison of the WQI mathematical model for the Sabarmati river.; Analysis of self purification capacity of river using strength of Sabarmati river.;

Steadily increasing R&D activities in the field of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters are committed to growing global threats from climate change, aggravating plastic pollution, and the shortage of fossil resources. These prevailing issues paved the way to launch the third Special Issue of Bioengineering dedicated to future-oriented biomaterials, characterized by their versatile plastic-like properties. Fifteen individual contributions to the Special Issue, written by renowned groups of researchers from all over the world, perfectly mirror the current research directions in the PHA sector: inexpensive feedstock like carbon-rich waste from agriculture, mitigation of CO2 for PHA biosynthesis by cyanobacteria or wild type and engineered "knallgas" bacteria, powerful extremophilic PHA production strains, novel tools for rapid in situ determination of PHA in photobioreactors, modelling of the dynamics of PHA production by mixed microbial cultures from inexpensive raw materials, enhanced bioreactor design for high-throughput PHA production by sophisticated cell retention systems, sustainable and efficient PHA recovery from biomass assisted by supercritical water, enhanced processing of PHA by application of novel antioxidant additives, and the development of compatible biopolymer blends. Moreover, elastomeric medium chain length PHA (mcl-PHA) are covered in-depth, inter alia, by introduction of a novel class of bioactive mcl-PHA-based networks, in addition to the first presentation of the new rubber-like polythioester poly(3-mercapto-2-methylpropionate). Finally, the present Special Issue is concluded by a critical essay on past, ongoing, and announced global endeavors for PHA commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water resources in Algeria are scarce, often low quality, fragile, and unequally dispersed over time and space. The pressure on water resources can be associated with industrial development, a steady population growth, and demanding land irrigation measures. These conditions create a tense competition for managing water resources and sharing them between agricultural development, drinking water supply, industrial activities etc. Water treatment and reuse for agriculture is common in some countries. For example, in Spain, 71% of wastewater is used for the agricultural industry. In addition, the effect of climate change has brought national policies focused on the water-energy-food nexus (WEF) to the forefront. Within this context, desalination membrane technologies could play an increasing role for supporting segments of the Algerian economy that are heavily water dependent. In addition, by using renewable energies, such as solar energy in desalination, we would be taking advantage of Algeria's great potential, estimated at 13.9 TWh/y. By implementing water reuse and desalination strategies together in the agricultural sector, there is an opportunity to expand the access to healthy food and clean water, thereby keeping the WEF nexus effects under control. As well, effective use of energy potential for food use will be a step forward for economic growth in Algeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater, the world's largest and most exploited freshwater resource is a crucial ingredient for global socio-economic development. However, the domination of human-induced drivers such as climate change, rapid demographic escalation, alteration in land use, industrialisation, and an increase in water demand has further stressed the unfrozen freshwater resources. This review provides a comprehensive literature-based analysis on different assessment methodologies for groundwater governance, and critically analysed the applicability and knowledge gaps in the assessment methodologies for evaluating groundwater governance under climatic and nonclimatic stresses. Furthermore, in the absence of a designated groundwater governance framework under stress, the study emphasized the need for developing a ready-to-use groundwater governance framework to assess the existing state of governance, tackling the prevailing knowledge gaps. A multidimensional framework consisting of key groundwater governance elements, the inclusion of the vulnerable and marginalised groups, current and future stressors, and an approach for aggregating multiple elements would overcome the limitations in previous assessment methodologies. Additionally, this framework would contribute to understanding current governance provisions and the capacity to manage those provisions, realise the strengths, gaps, and areas for improvement, and quantitatively visualise the prevailing state of groundwater governance for planning multiple strategies to possible threats and conflicts from the stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a context of climate change and global warming, the literature paid more and more attention to the determinants of energy consumption. This article aims at examining the influences of the financial development and the institutional quality on the energy consumption in a global sample of 112 countries between 2002 and 2014. Our analysis is based on dynamic two-step system GMM estimations for three different energy consumption indicators—our findings are interesting. First, the financial development induces a higher energy consumption per capita; a higher energy consumption per output, and a lower renewable energy consumption. Second, the institutions have an insignificant positive influence on the energy use per capita and the energy use per output. Third, and this is our major contribution, the institutional quality can actually reverse the effect of the financial development. In other words, the effect of financial development on the energy use per capita is positive in weak institutional environment but it is negative when the latter is well developed. This article discusses these finding and their implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass casualty events occur on a regular although unpredictable basis within the contexts of both Mèdecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) activities. The frequency of both natural disasters and other mass casualty incidents is increasing with urbanisation and industrialisation, compounded by climate change and conflict. Both organisations have recognised that the historical training focus on full-scale mass casualty simulations has not always been followed through to the resolution of action points and dissemination of learning. Staff training for mass casualty management has been variable. This led MSF and ICRC to develop a multimodal approach to assist development of mass casualty plans and preparedness. Capitalising on our presence in these contexts we are incorporating our experience of quality improvement and change management to complement simulation to 'stress and test' systems. We examine the challenges and share our efforts to improve training of staff in field projects across both MSF and ICRC and discussing future innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As human activities on the world's oceans intensify, mapping human pressure is essential to develop appropriate conservation strategies and prioritize investments with limited resources. Here, we map six human (nonclimatic) pressures on coral reefs using the latest quantitative data on fishing, water pollution (nitrogen and sediments), coastal population, industrial development, and tourism. Using a percentile approach to rank different stressors, we identify the top‐ranked local pressure and estimate a cumulative pressure index for 54,596 global coral reef pixels at 0.05° (∼5 km) resolution. We find that coral reefs are exposed to multiple intense local pressures: fishing and water pollution (nutrients and sediments) are the most common top‐ranked pressures worldwide (in 30.8% and 32.3% of reef cells, respectively), although each pressure was ranked as a top pressure in some locations. We also find that local pressures are similar inside and outside a proposed global portfolio of coral reef climate refugia, suggesting that even potential climate refugia have high levels of local human pressure that require effective management. Our findings and datasets provide the best available information that can ensure local pressures are effectively managed across the world's coral reefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most recent division of geological time is based on climate events caused by variations in the Earth’s orbit and axis of rotation on a scale of thousands of years. However, the magnitude of geological change caused by humankind through its still young technosphere, particularly since the mid-20th century, is negatively affecting the other classical spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere). This is because of our increasing demand for raw materials and the incomplete recycling of its residues (e.g., greenhouse gases). The massive use of fossil fuels to power the recent boom in industrial development has turned humanity into the new agent of planetary-scale climate change. Some alterations associated with this new Anthropocene climate system are already irreversible and exceed the natural variability of the last few thousand years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]