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The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of different chemical activators along with 6-DMAP on in vitro matured caprine oocytes. From 4332 ovaries, 14235 cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected which were matured in TCM-199 medium containing follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (5 μg/ml), Leutinizing hormone (LH) (10 μg/ml), oestradiol-17β (1 μg/ml) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% follicular fluid and 3 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 38.5°C and 5% CO2 in an incubator under humidified air for 27 h. In group 1 (control), 3117 in vitro matured oocytes were co incubated with sperms for 18 h in ferttalp medium. In group 2, 3563 in vitro matured oocytes were activated with 7% ethanol for 5-7 min followed by treatment with 2.0 mM DMAP for 4 h in mCR2aa medium. In group 3, 3109 in vitro matured oocytes were activated with 5 μM ionomycin for 5-7 min followed by treatment with 2.0 mM DMAP for 4 h in mCR2aa medium. In group 4, 3455 in vitro matured oocytes were activated with 5 μM calcium ionophore for 5-7 min followed by treatment with 2.0 mM DMAP for 4 h in mCR2aa medium. Oocytes were cultured in 50 μL drops of research vitro cleave (RVCL) medium for embryo development. The cleavage rate, morula and blastocyst production in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 26.07 ± 2.37%, 14.91 ± 2.91 & 1.45 ± 0.71%, 49.57 ± 3.79%, 20.07 ± 2.38% & 5.29 ± 1.42%, 50.18 ± 3.59%, 15.26 ± 2.87% & 1.85 ± 0.72% and 80.26 ± 2.30%, 35.33 ± 2.67 & 7.10 ± 0.89%, respectively. These results indicated that the activation of in vitro matured oocytes by 5 μM calcium ionophore for 5-7 min followed by treatment with 2.0 mM DMAP for 4 h is most favorable for parthenogenetic caprine embryos production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which compares the effect of protein phosphorylation inhibitor and standardize the effective parthenogenetic activation protocol for caprine oocyte. Topics discussed include the collection of goat ovaries just after the slaughter in normal saline with antibiotics and the role of protein phosphorylation inhibitor in the production of viable parthenogenetic embryos.

The article explores the effects of slow freezing and vitrification on in-vitro matured oocytes of prepubertal goat. The percentage of oocytes that cleaved in vitro after vitrification tend to be lower than caprine and bovine. The ability of zygotes to adapt with vitrification and warming can promote stability to ooplasm membrane to cope with low temperature. About 85% of slow freeze matured oocytes had normal morphological characteristics.

The article presents a study of the effect of cryopreservation on in-vitro maturation and cleavage of immature prepubertal goat oocytes. The cellular dehydration process of cryopreservation prevents or reduces cell damage from ice crystal formation, thus preserves the fertility of mammals. The study compares the effect of conventional slow freezing and vitrification versus non-freezing. The test materials, methods and results are discussed in detail.

The article presents a study which examined the influence of culture media on in-vitro fertilization of goat oocytes. Ovaries were obtained from local abattoir and transported within four hours to the laboratory in warm saline containing 100 IU penicillin-G and 100 micrograms streptomycin sulphate/milliliter. Cumulus oocyte complexes retrieved by follicle puncture technique were chosen for in-vitro maturation of which 489 were subsequently utilized for in-vitro fertilization and culture. The study concluded that the utilization of modified Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate medium (mTALP) as fertilization medium have significantly increased the cleavage rate of in-vitro matured goat oocytes as compared to Brackett and Oliphant (BO) and modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF) medium.