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Over the course of a few decades, the concern of environmental damages of fossil fuels, an increase in CO 2 emission and a decrease of hydrogen have been growing more and more. Accordingly, hydrogen production is a crucial issue nowadays. Different polymers are applied to attain the purpose. Among all polymers, biodegradables polymers are the best choices to develop the main aim. Polysaccharides and proteins are biodegradable polymers with unique places and advantages with regards to their ecofriendly properties. There are different techniques to apply and achieve the foremost purpose. It is worthwhile to mention that green and facile methods are always attracting attention in different aspects and fields. The three non-polluting and economical techniques, that is, electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), photocatalytic technique, and hydrolysis of hydrides, are reviewed in this paper. This review helps researchers, who are environment supporters, to evaluate and choose the most ecological biopolymers and processes in their work. [Display omitted] • Developments in hydrogen evolution by biopolymer-derived (nano)catalysts have been described. • Summary of synthetic procedures to obtain biopolymer-derived (nano)catalysts. • Future challenges of hydrogen evolution using biopolymer-derived (nano)catalysts have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the increasing world population has led to increased consumption of fossil fuels for energy production, causing environmental problems. Hydrogen with high energy density can be used as a suitable alternative to fossil fuel sources. Hydrogen atoms can be stored on porous structures by physical interaction. Hence, simple and eco-friendly approaches have been taken to prepare bentonite/Pd nanocomposites for electrochemical hydrogen storage. Laser ablation in the deionized water medium was employed as a physical route for the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles (NPs). Bentonite, a porous substrate with a high surface area of 47 m2/g, was employed for the deposition of Pd NPs via physical mixing. The morphological study of nanocomposite indicated that the spherically shaped Pd NPs with a diameter of 20–27 nm are successfully deposited on the bentonite substrate. The as-prepared nanocomposites were loaded on stainless steel electrode through drop-casting and their hydrogen storage capacity was determined via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV measurement of the B/Pdx electrodes (x is laser ablation times of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min) in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte at the scan rate of 100 mV/s at room temperature demonstrated good hydrogen storage capacity (37 C/g) and stability during 200 scans. [Display omitted] • The LAL method was applied as an eco-friendly approach for preparation of Pd NPs. • Pd NPs were deposited on the bentonite via physical mixing. • Electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of B/Pd was evaluated by CV. • Electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity of B/Pd30 was obtained 37 C/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]