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Background: A total of four reef fish species: Amblyeleotris japonica, Halichoeres hartzfeldii, Canthigaster papua and a Parapriacanthus species, are reported for the first time in Hong Kong. Methods: The specimens were discovered during underwater reef fish surveys. About 20 individuals of one Parapricanthus species were found at Tai Chau. A single Amblyeleotris japonica and a single Halichoeres hartzfeldii were both observed at the west coast of north Ninepin Island. One individual of Canthigaster papua was found at Clearwater Bay. Results: The likelihood of these four species having been artificially introduced into Hong Kong waters is discussed and eliminated. Comparison of these four species is made against six other species previously encountered in Hong Kong waters that were not already documented in local records and suspected to be artificially introduced. Conclusions: Four reef fish species, including Amblyeleotris japonica, Halichoeres hartzfeldii, Canthigaster papua and a Parapriacanthus species, are reported for the first time in Hong Kong. Details on the sighting records, locations, habitats and behavior of the observed individuals are described. The validity of the natural origin of these fish is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study reports 15 new reef fish species records for Hong Kong. Methods: Studies were conducted from Jun to Oct in 2016 and 2017 and from Apr to Jul 2018, including 1841 man-hours of underwater visual surveys in day time using SCUBA in 54 sites in Hong Kong. Results: The validity of these 15 records, whether these fish might have been artificially released or naturally occurring, is discussed and this study confirms the natural presence of these 15 species in Hong Kong. Conclusions: Results from this study is fundamental to enhance understanding and documentation of Hong Kong's reef fishes, also to serve as key information during the action and planning of the implementation of Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Hong Kong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]