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Background: NCAPD3 is one of the three non-SMC subunits of condensin II complex, which plays an important role in the chromosome condensation and segregation during mitosis. Notably, elevated levels of NCAPD3 are found in many somatic cancers. However, the clinical role, biological functions of NCAPD3 in cancers especially in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. Methods: Clinical CRC and adjacent normal tissues were used to confirm the expression of NCAPD3. The association of NCAPD3 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcomes were analyzed by using online database. In vivo subcutaneous tumor xenograft model, NCAPD3 gene knockout following azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced tumor mouse model, Co-IP, western blot, qRT-PCR, IHC, ChIP assays and cell functional assays were used to investigate the biological functions of NCAPD3 in CRC and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results: NCAPD3 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and positively correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. NCAPD3 knockout suppressed CRC development in AOM/DSS induced and xenograft mice models. Moreover, we found that NCAPD3 promoted aerobic glycolysis in CRC. Mechanistically, NCAPD3 up-regulated the level of c-Myc and interacted with c-Myc to recruit more c-Myc to the gene promoter of its downstream glycolytic regulators GLUT1, HK2, ENO1, PKM2 and LDHA, and finally enhanced cellular aerobic glycolysis. Also, NCAPD3 increased the level of E2F1 and interacted with E2F1 to recruit more E2F1 to the promoter regions of PDK1 and PDK3 genes, which resulted in the inhibition of PDH activity and TCA cycle. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that NCAPD3 promoted glucose metabolism reprogramming and enhanced Warburg effect in colorectal tumorigenesis and CRC progression. These findings reveal a novel mechanism underlying NCAPD3 mediated CRC cell growth and provide new targets for CRC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NCAPD3 is one of the non-SMC regulatory subunits of Condensin II, which is mainly responsible for the condensation and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. However, its role in cancer especially in prostate cancer (PCa) and the molecular mechanism have not been clearly elucidated. Here, we find that NCAPD3 is high-expression and up-regulates the levels of EZH2 and MALAT1 in PCa. In detail, high expression of NCAPD3 increases the levels of transcription factor STAT3 and E2F1 and recruits more STAT3 and E2F1 to the promoter of EZH2 gene and more STAT3 to the promoter of MALAT1 gene, and then results in the increasing expression of both EZH2 and MALAT1 in PCa cells. In vitro and in vivo functional characterization reveals that overexpression of NCAPD3 enhances the growth of PCa cells, while knockdown of NCAPD3 impairs the growth of PCa cells. Together, our data demonstrate that NCAPD3 is a tumor-promoting factor which enhances the progression of PCa by up-regulating EZH2 and MALAT1. • Higher expression of NCAPD3 promotes PCa progression. • NCAPD3 promoted cell proliferation via the regulation of STAT3/E2F1-EZH2 and STAT3-MALAT1 axis both in vitro and in vivo. • NCAPD3 regulated AR activity via EZH2 in PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]