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The article deals with the results of experimental studies and clinical experience in the use of the plasma scalpel in 25 unbred dogs and 192 patients with diseases of the liver and gallbladder. Histological studies of the hepatic tissue after treatment with the laser scalpel allowed the conclusion that such manipulations are safe. The advantages of using the device for arresting bleeding and the flow of bile from the resected hepatic areas were revealed. The accumulated experience in operations on the liver and gallbladder with a plasma scalpel made it possible to develop optimal approaches to the use of the plasma flow in resections of the liver and to suggest three methods for removal of the gallbladder. Their introduction into practice improved the intraoperative possibilities of treatment of the gallbladder bed.

Available is pilot experience in the use of extracorporeal shock--wave lithotripsy for acute--stage management of calculous cholecystitis running with obturation of the cystic duct in the absence of complications. Crushing of the stones resulted in elimination of the duct obturation and compression of the gallbladder in 95% of the patients, the acute episode was arrested and 50% of those treated got free of the stones. These therapeutic results are promising and evidence extracorporeal lithotripsy efficiency in acute obstructive cholecystitis.