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Background: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications of general anesthesia, moreover opioid addiction increases the risk of PONV. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of administering dexmedetomidine infusion as an intraoperative analgesic on PONV in opium-addicted patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 100 opium-addicted patients who were candidates for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery under general anesthesia were studied in two groups of 50 participants. The intervention group received dexmedetomidine infusion 10 min after induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery. The placebo group received normal saline at the same time. The rate of PONV was compared between the two groups. Results: Both groups had no significant difference in terms of hemodynamic parameters during surgery, including pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and duration of anesthesia. In the dexmedetomidine group, patients had less PONV than the control group, and this difference was significant (p=0.0164). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine administration during laparoscopic surgery can reduce PONV, especially in patients addicted to opium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of analgesia of Ropivacaine and magnesium sulfate as subcutaneous infiltration at the site of surgical cutaneous cholecystectomy in the postoperative period. Materials and Methods: To achieve the research goals, 80 patients referred to Shohada Tajrish Hospital in Tehran in 2016, which were randomly divided into two groups: Ropivacaine and magnesium sulfate. Patients in both groups had similar anesthetic procedures and all of them were monitored standard were recorded within 24 hours of operation. Overall morphine dose was also recorded for postoperative pain. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the Ropivacaine group in the next hours despite the no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, duration of operation and pain scoring at first and third hours. In addition, the comparison of the number of requests for at least one dose of morphine in the Ropivacaine group is significantly lower. In addition, the comparison of the number of requests for at least one dose of morphine in the Ropivacaine group is significantly lower. The occurrence of PONV is also higher in the magnesium sulfate group, but this difference is not significant. Conclusion: Local injection of Ropivacaine reduced acute pain after open cholecystectomy surgery in comparison to local injection of magnesium sulfate. In addition, the use of Ropivacaine is associated with a significant reduction in the need for intravenous morphine for analgesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]