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Background: The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with the level of psychological distress reported by family carers of children with intellectual disability living in a large urban conurbation. Method: Information was collected by postal questionnaire (or interview for family carers who did not have English as their first language) from the family carers of 408 children with intellectual disability (31% of all children within the area administratively identified as having an intellectual disability). Results: Results indicated that 47% of primary carers scored above the threshold for psychological distress on the GHQ and that scoring above the threshold was strongly related to the emotional and behavioural needs of the index child and South-Asian ethnicity and moderately associated with the severity of the child's delay in communication. Conclusions: The rates of psychological distress (47% overall, 70% among South-Asian carers) were markedly higher than that found in previous studies of carers supporting a child with intellectual disabilities. It is suggested that these elevated rates of psychological distress may be mediated by socio-economic deprivation.

As a teacher, the author is always seeking the meaning behind her educational practice with children, colleagues, and the institution in which she works on a daily basis. Dr. Jonathon Silin's thinking around loss, collective memory and social amnesia resonate strongly with her (Silin, 2011). In this article, the possibilities of intentionally archiving events is explored as an extension of Dr Silin's discussion of loss, memory and social amnesia, from the perspective of a practitioner. The author suggests that if learning is a collective process, not a product, then using what are personal archives to challenge one's current thinking makes sense. It is more than recall; it is the re-invention of meaning. As an archivist, teacher and reflective thinker, the author knows that what she thinks today will be different from her thoughts tomorrow; something will be lost, or even forgotten, while other memories are embroidered and polished. Collectively remembering what is lost or erased, while generating other ideas, is the task ahead.

Researchers, health and social care workers often seek to understand the perspectives of children; but gathering views directly from children can present difficulties. Parents are often asked to provide accounts of children's feelings or opinions on the assumption that their proxy reports are accurate and unproblematic. This qualitative thematic analysis of open-question responses from 352 parents and 73 disabled children examines their accounts of the impact of short break services on disabled children. Participants' perspectives differed; children tended to describe immediate outcomes such as enjoying activities and participation; parents acknowledged these, but focused on longer term developmental outcomes for children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There has been a recent increase in interest in research into the emotional and behavioural needs of children and adolescents with intellectual disability. The field has tended to focus on the association between emotional and behavioural needs and child characteristics. Little attention has been paid to the potential importance of social context. Method: Cross-sectional survey of teacher-reported emotional and behavioural needs among 386 South Asian children and 118 Black children in a deprived urban conurbation. Results: The results suggested that: (i) teachers reported higher rates of emotional and behavioural needs among Black (when compared with South Asian) children; (ii) increased rates of emotional and behavioural needs were generally associated with older child age, lower child ability, the absence of sensory impairments and male gender; and (iii) neighbourhood deprivation was associated with variation in emotional and behavioural need differently for the two ethnic groups. For Black children, increased deprivation was associated with increased need. However, for South Asian children increased deprivation was associated with decreased need. Discussion Results are discussed in relation to ‘group density effects’ which may reflect the potentially moderating effects of social support on the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]