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Purpose: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience multiple barriers and discrimination in education, healthcare, and social settings, which influence their well-being, especially the transition to adulthood. This review aims to explore the types, factors affecting and impact of ableism on Asian children and youth with disabilities and their caregivers. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and a narrative synthesis whereby we searched the literature from six international databases, including Healthstar, Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in the review, and three themes were identified that related to ableism: (1) types and rates of ableism (i.e., stigma, bullying and victimization, and discrimination and inequalities); (2) factors affecting ableism (i.e. sociodemographic factors, familial factors, and societal factors); and (3) impacts of ableism (i.e. mental health, family impacts, and societal impacts). Conclusions: Our review highlights that ableism has various types and can be influenced by multiple factors, influencing social and health outcomes of Asian families with children and youth with disabilities. This review also emphasizes the importance of increasing the public's awareness regarding disabilities to reduce ableism among Asian families with children with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience bullying and victimization, therefore it is necessary to develop educational materials to raise awareness of disabilities. Healthcare providers should consider developing more educational programs for caregivers to reduce self-stigma and affiliate stigma and promote mental health. Healthcare service providers should consider creating and implementing more inclusive programs to reduce health disparities and the influence of socio-demographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience multiple barriers, stigmas and discrimination within and outside their families; yet less is understood about their lived experiences. This systematic review explored the experiences of ableism among Asian children and youth with disabilities and their families. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies and a qualitative meta-synthesis. We searched six databases including Ovid Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, Healthstar, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: Forty-two articles met our inclusion criteria involving 17 countries and regions over a 22-year period. The findings were synthesized into four themes: (1) individual- and family-level ableism (i.e., stigma, fears, concerns, stress and anxieties, physical abuse, bullying, reduced engagement in community activities); (2) institutional-level ableism (i.e., barriers to accessing and navigating supports, ableist attitudes among service providers, unavailable services); (3) societal-level ableism (i.e., cultural and religious stigma, social rejection, discrimination, environmental and policy barriers); and (4) coping strategies (i.e., self-care activities, supports from family, friends and people with similar conditions, religious beliefs). Conclusions: Our results highlight the ableist experiences that Asian children and youth with disabilities and their caregivers often encounter and the strong need for further supports to address ableism using culturally responsive strategies. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Asian children and youth with disabilities encounter multiple forms of ableism at the individual, family and institutional levels. It is important for healthcare providers to customize resources that are culturally appropriate and aligned with the cultural and language backgrounds of the clients they serve. Clinicians and service providers should engage in culturally sensitive training and education to understand the barriers faced by the clients they serve. Clinicians and service providers should continue to advocate for marginalized and equity-deserving groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible housing is a fundamental human right and yet many children and youth with disabilities live in inaccessible, insecure, unaffordable and poor quality housing. The aim of our study was to understand the barriers and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families. We conducted a scoping review involving seven international literature databases from 2000 to 2022 that identified 38 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies involved 10 countries over a 22-year period. Our review emphasized the following key trends: (1) barriers to obtaining accessible homes (i.e. common types of accessibility barriers, rates of inaccessible housing, factors affecting home accessibility), and negative impacts of inaccessible housing; and (2) rates and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing (i.e., common types of home modifications, enablers of home modifications) and positive impacts of accessible housing. Our findings highlight the barriers and enablers of obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families and the critical need to support them in securing appropriate housing. Evidence suggests that clinicians and community service providers should support youth with disabilities and their parents to make home modifications and secure accessible housing. Clinicians should consider advocating for accessible housing and help to remove barriers for children with disabilities and their families with particular attention to marginalized and equity-deserving groups. Clinicians and service providers should involve families in the process of making accessible home modifications and help them to connect with relevant housing stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children and youth with acquired brain injury (ABI) experience persistent discrimination and ableism. The purpose of this systematic review was to understand the experiences and impact of ableism among children and youth with ABI. Six international databases were systematically searched for articles from 2002–2022. Studies were screened independently by four researchers who performed the data extraction. Study quality was appraised using the Standard quality assessment criteria for evaluating primary research. Of the 2085 studies identified in the search, 15 met the inclusion criteria, which involved 1442 children and youth with brain injuries or caregivers representing them. Studies in the review showed the following key trends: (1) incidence of ableism among children and youth with ABI; (2) experiences of ableism at the individual and institutional levels, (3) impact of ableism (i.e., mental health, social relationships, quality of life) and (4) coping strategies (i.e., resources, supports). Our findings reveal the alarming incidence of ableism among youth with ABI. Therefore, there is a critical need for more research to explore youth's lived experiences of ableism, especially from their perspectives along with the co-development of solutions to help enhance their social inclusion and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children whose mothers display more positivity during interactions tend to have better mental health. Some studies investigating associations between fathers' positivity and children's mental health have found small-to-moderate negative associations, while others show weak or no effects. The current study presents a series of meta-analyses (N = 59 studies) examining the association between paternal positivity and children's emotional and behavioral functioning, both concurrently and longitudinally. The pooled effect sizes for concurrent internalizing problems (N = 30; r = −0.10), longitudinal internalizing problems (N = 8; r = −0.07), concurrent externalizing problems (N = 40; r = −0.15), and longitudinal externalizing problems (N = 19; r = −0.11) were all significant and small in magnitude. Moderator analyses revealed that the associations between fathers' positivity and children's concurrent internalizing problems and longitudinal externalizing problems were stronger among low and diverse socioeconomic samples compared to middle/upper income samples. Furthermore, associations with children's externalizing problems were stronger in studies in which a single reporter assessed the outcome compared to multiple reporters, when questionnaires were used to measure parenting compared to interview or observation, and—for longitudinal associations only—in samples that had a larger proportion of females or older children. Results suggest that programs and policies that support fathers to have more positive interactions with their children could benefit children's mental health. Highlights: Series of meta-analyses examining the association between paternal positivity and children's emotional and behavioral functioning. Significant and small effects were found across all analyses. Effect sizes were moderated by sample and measurement characteristics. Implications for programs and policies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]