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Background. In phthisiology, all recurrent respiratory tract infections are considered risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) in children. A differentiated assessment of the predictive value of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections will improve the effectiveness of selective TB screening.The aim. To carry out a differentiated assessment of the predictive value of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children with tuberculosis and HIV coinfection.Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study (2010–2020) of the anamnestic prevalence of recurrent respiratory tract infections in 249 children divided into 4 groups: 72 healthy children (HC); TB – 65 children with tuberculosis; TB/HIV – 56 children with HIV-associated TB; HIV – 65 children with HIV infection.Results. Recurrent lower respiratory tract infections were detected in the anamnesis of 15 (23 %) children of the TB group and in 3 (4 %) children of the HC group (p < 0.001; odds ratio (OR) – 8.6). Lower respiratory tract infections were most common during the year preceding TB disease (11 out of 15 cases), within 2 years before the inclusion of children in the study – in 4 out of 15 cases (p = 0.027; OR = 11.0). In the TB/HIV group, the prevalence of lower respiratory tract infections compared to the HIV group was established only during the year preceding TB – 24 out of 33 cases (73 %) versus 10 out of 34 cases (29 %) in the HIV group (χ2 = 10.9; p = 0.001; OR = 6.4). The occurrence of upper respiratory tract infections in pairs of HC group – TB group and HIV group – TB/HIV group had no statistical differences.Conclusion. The predictor of TB in children regardless of their HIV status is the recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, registered during the year preceding the TB disease. The recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract do not affect the realization of TB in children, regardless of their HIV status.

Follow-up observation of 44 patients who had cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) in the first months of life with the assessment of the health status of these children in terms was conducted during more than 7 years (control group consisted of healthy children). The study of course and outcomes of CMV infection of the first months of life showed that up to school period 43 % of patients had formed chronic pathology and 14,2 % of children at early age formed group of "children with disability". The structure formed chronic pathology up to school period in almost all parameters values. In main group central nervous system pathology occurred 4 times more often (р < 0,001), allergy - 3 times more often (p = 0,05), the pathology of the cardiovascular system - 3 times more often, endocrine pathology - 3 times more often, pathology of gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system - 5 times more often.