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The following study describes the emotional changes experienced by people who were orphaned during their childhood due to the armed conflict in Colombia. A research with a qualitative methodology was carried out, in which, through four in-depth interviews carried out with the victims, it was shown that children and adolescents must assume roles that do not correspond to them, such as the financial burden of their home, raising their siblings, and the abandonment of their education and childhood dreams. The interviewees narrated how they faced displacement and forced recruitment and how they had to get used to new family nuclei and institutions. Their descriptions reflect that they have assumed the development of a childhood, youth, and adulthood dealing with grief and unresolved losses, such as living emotionally mutilated for the rest of their lives, as they mentioned. Other relevant findings of the study are the behaviors of social isolation and physical consequences that the victims develop, even in adulthood, because of the emotional impact of the violent loss of their parents due to the conflict. This research highlights the importance of recognizing minors orphaned by the conflict as victims, and accompanying them in the process of mourning the death of their relatives, in times closer to the traumatic event, as well as providing tools, based on real experiences, that allow them to adapt to their new family and life dynamics with the support of mental health professionals and family counselors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marcelino pan y vino (1954) directed by Hungarian Ladislao Vajda, with the stellar participation of Pablito Calvo in the role of Marcelino is based on a popular religious story whose written version is authored by José María Sánchez Silva (1952). This study will focus on film analysis including: gender role inversion by which friars are feminized in their maternal role; temporal ellipsis situating the story in 1808-14; Marcelino and his mystery of origin, among some of the most salient aspects of the film. Moreover, the study argues that the religious and political prejudices are masked in order to render a mythological origin of an orphan child as a way to deal with the trauma of the Spanish Civil War in which hundreds of children were left orphans. Finally, it will conclude relating the film to the monument of the "Valle de los Caídos" as another religious symbolic act promoting social reconciliation about a fratricidal conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of children and orphans in Mexico City, Mexico from 1920 to 1937 with a special focus on juvenile delinquents. The author comments on social and economic conditions in Mexico City, the relationship between socioeconomic factors and juvenile delinquency, and families' conditions in Mexico. Street children, the social conditions of orphans and orphanages, as well as crime in Mexico City are explored. Other topics mentioned include abandoned homes and abandoned children.