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This article discusses the case of a 10-year-old child who presented with acute torticollis and walking difficulty. The child was diagnosed with atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation, which was confirmed through lateral cervical X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine. The MRI also revealed an incompletely ossified odontoid process and narrowing of the spinal canal, which required immediate surgical intervention. The article provides information on the classification and management of atlantoaxial dislocations, emphasizing the importance of considering this condition in pediatric patients with acute torticollis and neck pain, even in the absence of an obvious history of trauma or infection. [Extracted from the article]

Background/aim: Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a rare clinicoradiological syndrome that typically presents with central nervous system symptoms such as loss of consciousness, seizure, headache, and ophthalmoparesis. Materials and methods: Here, we highlight the characteristics of this syndrome together with the clinical and MRI findings of 6 pediatric patients with MERS. Results: Between January 2017 and October 2020, 6 patients with MERS (3 boys and 3 girls) presented to our center. The mean age was 122 ± 54.6 (min-max: 44-180) months. None of the patients had a chronic disease. In our study, infectious agents were detected in 4 patients (66.6%), while noninfectious causes (one seizure and the other hyponatremia) were detected in two patients. All of our cases were discharged without any sequelae after an average of 12.1 ± 7 (min-max: 4-20) days of hospitalization. In 1 patient (case 6), control MRI could not be performed, and the radiological recovery of our other patients was shown to be between 14 days and 2 months. Conclusion: MERS is an acute encephalopathy with good prognosis and should be considered by neurologists in differential diagnosis due to its variable clinical presentation and specific MRI findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]