1. Place-Based Child Opportunity at Birth and Child Development from Infancy to Age 4.
- Author
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Putnick DL, Bell EM, Tyris J, McAdam J, Ghassabian A, Mendola P, Sundaram R, and Yeung E
- Subjects
- Infant, Newborn, Female, Humans, Child, Infant, Child, Preschool, Surveys and Questionnaires, Ambulatory Care, Schools, Child Development, Mothers
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the children's neighborhood quality, as a measure of place-based social determinants of health, is associated with the odds of developmental delay and developmental performance up to the age of 4 years., Study Design: Mothers of 5702 children from the Upstate KIDS Study, a longitudinal population-based cohort of children born from 2008 through 2010, provided questionnaire data and a subset of 573 children participated in a clinic visit. The Child Opportunity Index 2.0 was linked to home census tract at birth. Probable developmental delays were assessed by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire up to 7 times between 4 and 36 months, and developmental performance was assessed via the Battelle Developmental Inventory at the age of 4 years., Results: In unadjusted models, higher neighborhood opportunity was protective against developmental delays and was associated with slightly higher development scores at age 4. After adjusting for family-level confounding variables, 10-point higher Child Opportunity Index (on a 100-point scale) remained associated with a lower odds of any developmental delay (OR = .966, 95% CI = .940-.992), and specifically delays in the personal-social domain (OR = .921, 95% CI = .886-.958), as well as better development performance in motor (B = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.11-1.48), personal-social (B = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.003-1.28), and adaptive (B = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.04-1.34) domains at age 4., Conclusions: Community-level opportunities are associated with some aspects of child development prior to school entry. Pediatric providers may find it helpful to use neighborhood quality as an indicator to inform targeted developmental screening., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (contracts #HHSN275201200005C, #HHSN267200700019C). The study sponsor had no role in the study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; or the decision to submit the paper for publication. The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
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