1. Development of postural control in infancy in cerebral palsy and cystic periventricular leukomalacia.
- Author
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Boxum AG, Dijkstra LJ, la Bastide-van Gemert S, Hamer EG, Hielkema T, Reinders-Messelink HA, and Hadders-Algra M
- Subjects
- Electromyography, Female, Humans, Infant, Linear Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk, Cerebral Palsy physiopathology, Child Development physiology, Leukomalacia, Periventricular physiopathology, Muscle, Skeletal physiopathology, Postural Balance physiology
- Abstract
Background: Development of postural problems in Cerebral Palsy (CP) is largely unknown. Postural muscle activity is organized into two levels: 1) direction-specificity; 2) fine-tuning of direction-specific activity., Aim: To study development of postural control until 21 months corrected age in subgroups of infants at very high-risk (VHR) of CP: a) with and without CP at 21 months; b) with and without cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL), the brain lesion with highest risk of CP., Methods and Procedures: Longitudinal electromyography recordings of postural muscles during reaching were made in 38 VHR-infants (severe brain lesion or clear neurological signs) between 4.7 and 22.6 months (18 CP, of which 8 with cPVL). Developmental trajectories were calculated using linear mixed effect models., Outcomes and Results: VHR-infants with and without CP showed virtually similar postural development throughout infancy. The subgroup of VHR-infants with cPVL improved performance in direction-specificity with increasing age, while they performed throughout infancy worse in fine-tuning of postural adjustments than infants without cPVL., Conclusions and Implications: VHR-infants with and without CP have a similar postural development that differs from published trajectories of typically developing infants. Infants with cPVL present from early age onwards dysfunctions in fine-tuning of postural adjustments; they focus on direction-specificity., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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