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The authors adapted the established Child-Adult Relationship Enhancement (CARE) interaction model for use in integrated behavioral health clinics. CARE was modified for delivery in the examination room, during routine primary care visits. Adopting a real-world implementation approach, clinical social workers were trained in the new model-IntegratedCARE-and provided the brief, 3-session treatment to 30 different parent-child dyads. Measurements included the Parental Stress Index-4 Short Form (PSI 4-SF), the Eyberg Childhood Behavior Inventory (ECBI), and the Therapy Attitude Inventory (TAI). There was a statistically significant mean score decrease on the both subscales of the ECBI at pre- and posttreatment. Scores on the TAI indicated that participants were satisfied with the treatment. Attrition rates were somewhat lower than similar studies. Findings indicate the IntegratedCARE model is feasible for sustainable delivery by trained behavioral health professionals in primary care.

In the past few decades, the study of the impact of trauma and disaster on children has grown; however, information about the effects on very young children is still scarce in the literature. In some regards, the characteristics of stress in young children are similar to those of older children and adults; in other ways, their reactions are unique. These characteristics, as well as mediating factors and interventions with young children, are discussed. Suggestions for future research are offered.