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Background: Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative enamel defect that is highly prevalent in children. It has been reported that patients with MIH have higher caries occurrence with an increased need and frequency of dental treatment compared to patients without MIH. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between MIH and a series of factors related to maternal health status during pregnancy and children´s medical history in early childhood. Methods: A retrospective study of cases (patients with MIH) and controls (patients without MIH) was designed between 2023 and 2024. A total of 280 children (cases = 140; controls = 140) aged 6 to 14 years (138 boys and 142 girls) were examined according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria for MIH. A survey was carried out with mothers regarding the potential exposure of their children to etiological factors of MIH. Possible prenatal and postnatal etiological factors were obtained through a personal interview with the patients' mothers. The statistical analysis was carried out with the contrast test and the chi-square test. Results: During pregnancy, folic acid consumption, alcohol intake, systemic viral and/or bacterial infections, and gestational diabetes were statistically significantly related to MIH, as were breastfeeding, asthma, and corticosteroid consumption during childhood. Conclusions: Although there are different factors that may have statistically significant relationships with MIH, they cannot be predicted. Therefore, longitudinal studies, with a large sample size, are needed to determine the influence of prenatal and postnatal factors on the prevalence and severity of MIH in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative enamel defect that is highly prevalent in children. It has been reported that patients with MIH have higher caries occurrence with an increased need and frequency of dental treatment compared to patients without MIH. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between MIH and a series of factors related to maternal health status during pregnancy and children´s medical history in early childhood. Methods: A retrospective study of cases (patients with MIH) and controls (patients without MIH) was designed between 2023 and 2024. A total of 280 children (cases = 140; controls = 140) aged 6 to 14 years (138 boys and 142 girls) were examined according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria for MIH. A survey was carried out with mothers regarding the potential exposure of their children to etiological factors of MIH. Possible prenatal and postnatal etiological factors were obtained through a personal interview with the patients' mothers. The statistical analysis was carried out with the contrast test and the chi-square test. Results: During pregnancy, folic acid consumption, alcohol intake, systemic viral and/or bacterial infections, and gestational diabetes were statistically significantly related to MIH, as were breastfeeding, asthma, and corticosteroid consumption during childhood. Conclusions: Although there are different factors that may have statistically significant relationships with MIH, they cannot be predicted. Therefore, longitudinal studies, with a large sample size, are needed to determine the influence of prenatal and postnatal factors on the prevalence and severity of MIH in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Malocclusions have a negative impact on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Posterior cross-bite is one of the most prevalent malocclusions in the preadolescent population. This study investigated the influence of posterior cross-bites (unilateral or bilateral) on OHRQoL in an 11- to 14-year-old population. Materials and Methods: A pilot case–control study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the University of Salamanca between 2021 and 2023. A consecutive sample of 120 preadolescent patients aged 11 to 14 years old was recruited. Three groups were analyzed: a control group (no posterior cross-bite) (n = 40), a group with unilateral posterior cross-bite (n = 40), and a group with bilateral posterior cross-bite (n = 40). To analyze the OHRQoL, the Spanish version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ-Esp11–14) was used. Results: The mean age of the sample was 12.2 years old (±0.96 years). The group of patients with a bilateral posterior cross-bite was shown to have higher scores in all dimensions of the CPQ-Esp11–14, as well as a higher total score. Sex only influenced the oral symptom dimension of the CPQ-Esp11–14 questionnaire; in this dimension, the girls described a greater impact. Age did not influence OHRQoL. Conclusion: The presence of a posterior cross-bite had a negative impact on OHRQoL in the preadolescent population that was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]