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The synthesis and structure activity relationship development of a pyrimidine series of heterocyclic Factor IXa inhibitors is described. Increased selectivity over Factor Xa inhibition was achieved through SAR expansion of the P1 element. Select compounds were evaluated in vivo to assess their plasma levels in rat.

We have synthesized several C7-spirocyclic analogues of vorapaxar and evaluated their in vitro activities against PAR-1 receptor. Some of these analogues showed activities and rat plasma levels comparable to vorapaxar. Compound 5c from this series showed excellent PAR-1 activity (K i = 5.1 nM). We also present a model of these spirocyclic compounds docked to the PAR-1 receptor based on the X-ray crystal structure of vorapaxar bound to PAR-1 receptor. This model explains some of the structure-activity relationships in this series.

We have synthesized several C7-aminomethyl analogues of vorapaxar that are potent PAR-1 antagonists. Many of these analogues showed excellent in vitro binding affinity and pharmacokinetics profile in rats. Compound 6a from this series showed excellent PAR-1 activity (K i = 5 nM). We have also synthesized a C9a-hydroxy analogue of vorapaxar, which showed very good PAR-1 affinity (K i = 19.5 nM) along with excellent rat pharmacokinetic profile and ex vivo efficacy in the cynomolgus monkey.

Discovery of a novel nor-seco himbacine analog as potent thrombin receptor (PAR-1) antagonist is described. Despite low plasma level, these new analogs showed excellent ex vivo efficacy in the monkey platelet aggregation assay. A potent hydroxy metabolite generated in vivo was identified as the agent responsible for the ex vivo efficacy. Following this discovery, the metabolite series was optimized to obtain analogs that showed very good ex vivo efficacy along with excellent pharmacokinetic profile in c. monkey.

Pursuing our earlier efforts in the himbacine-based thrombin receptor antagonist area, we have synthesized a series of compounds that incorporate heteroatoms in the C-ring of the tricyclic motif. This effort has resulted in the identification of several potent heterocyclic analogs with excellent affinity for the thrombin receptor. Several of these compounds demonstrated robust inhibition of platelet aggregation in an ex vivo model in cynomolgus monkeys following oral administration. A detailed profile of 28b, a benchmark compound in this series, with a Ki of 4.3 nM, is presented.

Areneruthenium chemistry was used to effect intramolecular SNAr reactions between phenoxide nucleophiles and chlorophenylalanine residues that are connected by a peptide chain, resulting in the construction of a bicyclic peptido aryl ether system that corresponds to the BCDF system of the glycopeptide antibiotics ristocetin A and teicoplanin. A facile and selective base-catalyzed complete inversion of configuration at the D ring arylglycine residue was observed when this unit is the carboxylate terminus on a 16-membered ring system corresponding to the DEF rings of the target molecules. The inversion appears to result from an overwhelming thermodynamic preference for the inverted system and is supported by molecular mechanics and semiempirical calculations on the minimized conformations of the epimeric molecules.

Areneruthenium chemistry was used to effect intramolecular SNAr reactions between phenoxide nucleophiles and chlorophenylalanine residues that are connected by a peptide chain, resulting in the construction of a bicyclic peptido aryl ether system that corresponds to the BCDF system of the glycopeptide antibiotics ristocetin A and teicoplanin. A facile and selective base-catalyzed complete inversion of configuration at the D ring arylglycine residue was observed when this unit is the carboxylate terminus on a 16-membered ring system corresponding to the DEF rings of the target molecules. The inversion appears to result from an overwhelming thermodynamic preference for the inverted system and is supported by molecular mechanics and semiempirical calculations on the minimized conformations of the epimeric molecules.

[12184-35-9] C13H17Co (MW 232.11) InChI = 1S/C8H12.C5H5.Co/c1-2-4-6-8-7-5-3-1;1-2-4-5-3-1;/h1-2,7-8H,3-6H2;1-5H;/b2-1-,8-7-;; InChIKey = XEKBXHWIYGIXNT-GCOBPYNFSA-N (catalyst for cyclotrimerization of alkynes and cotrimerization with nitriles to yield pyridine derivatives;1, 2 source of other cobalt complexes and of substituted cyclooctadienes15-17) Physical Data: mp 102–104 °C; subl 70 °C/0.1 mmHg. Solubility: readily sol common org solvents; insol H2O. Form Supplied in: golden-yellow cryst. Preparative Methods: of several effective synthetic routes the most efficient is the direct reaction of cobalt salts [conveniently Co(acac)3] with cyclopentadiene + cycloocta-1,5-diene + anthracene-activated magnesium metal.1 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: air sensitive; best stored at low temp (