1. Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging Readout of Single-Cell Immunoblotting
- Author
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Marc Bosse, Amy E. Herr, Michael Angelo, Gabriela Lomeli, and Sean C. Bendall
- Subjects
Materials science ,Lysis ,Ion beam ,Immunoblotting ,Polyacrylamide ,010402 general chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Multiplexing ,Article ,Mass Spectrometry ,Mass spectrometry imaging ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Confocal microscopy ,law ,Ions ,Chromatography ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Proteins ,Fluorescence ,0104 chemical sciences ,Time of flight ,chemistry ,Single-Cell Analysis - Abstract
Improvements in single-cell protein analysis are required to study the cell-to-cell variation inherent to diseases, including cancer. Single-cell immunoblotting (scIB) offers proteoform detection specificity, but often relies on fluorescence-based readout and is therefore limited in multiplexing capability. Among rising multiplexed imaging methods is multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight (MIBI-TOF), a mass spectrometry imaging technology. MIBI-TOF employs metal-tagged antibodies that do not suffer from spectra overlap to the same degree as fluorophore-tagged antibodies. We report for the first-time MIBI-TOF of single-cell immunoblotting (scIB-MIBI-TOF). The scIB assay subjects single-cell lysate to protein immunoblotting on a microscale device consisting of a 50- to 75-μm thick hydrated polyacrylamide (PA) gel matrix for protein immobilization prior to in-gel immunoprobing. We confirm antibody-protein binding in the PA gel with indirect fluorescence readout of metal-tagged antibodies. Since MIBI-TOF is a layer-by-layer imaging technique, and our protein target is immobilized within a 3D PA gel layer, we characterize the protein distribution throughout the PA gel depth by fluorescence confocal microscopy and find that the highest signal-to-noise ratio is achieved by imaging the entirety of the PA gel depth. Accordingly, we report the required MIBI-TOF ion dose strength needed to image varying PA gel depths. Lastly, by imaging ~42% of PA gel depth with MIBI-TOF, we detect two isoelectrically separated TurboGFP (tGFP) proteoforms from individual glioblastoma cells, demonstrating that highly multiplexed mass spectrometry-based readout is compatible with scIB.
- Published
- 2021