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The aerial parts of Artemisia judaica L. (A. judaica) and Artemisia monosperma (Delile) (A. monosperma) were collected from wild plant populations located in the eastern desert of Egypt. The essent...

Background Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) has anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties; its seeds were imported from Germany for cultivation and acclimatization under the Egyptian environmental conditions as a new source of natural products. Solutions of alga and banana peel waste considered as a source of plant nutrition; it contains some bio-regulators and minerals. This research paper aimed to evaluate growth (fresh and dry weights) and chemical composition (free radical-scavenging activity, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols and phenolic compounds) under foliar spray of algae solution (ALS) and the extract of banana peel waste (BPW). Results The highest values of fresh and dry weights were detected with the treatment of 1.5 g/l (BPW) × 1.5 g/l (ALS). The maximum inhibition of free radical -cavenging activity was recorded at 1 g/l (ALS) × 0.5 g/l (BPW). 2 g/l (ALS) without BPW treatment resulted in the greatest amounts of total carbohydrates. The greatest accumulation of total flavonoids was obtained from the plants treated with 0.5 g/l (BPW) × 1 g/l (ALS). Plants exposed to 1.5 g/l (BPW) with 2 g/l (ALS) gave the greatest accumulation of total phenols. Phenolic compounds that were detected by HPLC analysis were changed due to ALS, BPW, and their interactions. Conclusion Different variations were observed in growth characters and various chemical constituents of Clary sage under the application of ALS and/or BPW. This research will help farmers to produce medicinal and aromatic plants by using cheap and environmentally friendly methods.

Essential oil of Indian borage has different activities such as anti-bacterial and anti-malarial. Salinity stress has harmful effects on the productivity of aromatic plants. This study aimed decrease the harmful effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on Indian borage plants by adapting them to salinity stress through the use of arginine. Plants were exposed to NaCl (0, 2 and 4 g/L) and/or arginine (0, 150 and 300 mg/L). Morphological characters (leaf area, total fresh and dry herbs as well as total fresh and dry roots), essential oil composition, photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble sugars, crude protein, nutrients (NPK), antioxidant enzymes activities and protein banding patterns of Indian borage plants were evaluated. Obtained results were statistically analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance. Salinity treatments decreased morphological characters, photosynthetic pigments, crude protein and nutrient contents. Salinity promoted the accumulation of essential oil and its major constituents (carvacrol, thymol, γ-terpinene and limonene), proline, soluble sugars and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Plants treated with salinity x arginine resulted in higher values of all growth characters and chemical composition than those treated with salinity only. On the other hand, salinity x arginine produced various changes in the number of bands. It may be concluded that application of arginine resulted in positive increases in growth, yield and chemical constituents of Indian borage under NaCl stress. So this study indicated that arginine resulted in a reduction of the hazards effect of salt stress.

The essential oil (EO) of the Clary sage has many medicinal benefits such as antimicrobial and inflammatory activities. In Egypt, this essential oil (EO) is required in different food and drug indu...

Essential oil (EO) of Citrus has some biological and pharmaceutical properties; thus, it can be used in food and drug industries. Changes in growing seasons play important roles in physiological pr...

Background and objective The constituents of sweet lemon essential oil (EO) have different biological and medical properties. The exploitation of sweet lemon residues in the production of EO is an important means of increasing natural products and disposing of those residues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EO extracted from various sweet lemon residues such as leaves, flowers, and peels of fruits to find out their content of active substances. Materials and methods The EO of different residues of sweet lemon was isolated by hydrodistillation (HD) method, then they were analyzed by GC/MS. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-1. Results The content of EO (%) was higher in peels than in flowers or leaves. Citronellal, nerol, and limonene were the major constituents of EO extracted from leaves, flowers, and peels, respectively. All detected components of various oils belonged to four chemical fractions (monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH), oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (SH), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS)). The MH was the major faction of peel EO while the OM was the major fraction of leaf and flower EOs. The SH and OS were formed as the minor fractions in all EOs. Conclusion Different variations were observed in sweet lemon EO extracted from various residues which lead to diversity in natural sources of EO production.

Temperature change risk in horticultural crops includes modified phonology (timing) of leafing, flowering, and harvest. The yield of essential oil of chamomile depends on some factors such as the plant region's environmental conditions. Therefore, this study was carried out during two successive growing seasons on chamomile plants grown under either region; northern Egypt and East of Cairo to reduce the impact of heat stress on growth, oil yield and its components which, the seedlings had been cultivated at half of October and the half of November and sprayed with either gibberellin or melatonin. We observed that spraying melatonin or gibberellins improved growth characteristics compared to control. There was a clear superiority, there was a clear superiority of melatonin on chamomile plants grown under Nubaria which improved most of the previous characteristics. Chamomile seedling can be grown from mid-October to mid-November, so it can be harvested in March before the heat rises and maintains the resulting oil quality maintains the resulting oil quality. The main component of Chamomile oil is (Bisabolol oxide A) and was higher under the conditions of Nubaria when seedling was treated with gibberellin followed in the lowest order by treatment with melatonin, but it was the opposite under the conditions of Sekam region. The second component was (Bisabolol oxide B).

Background and objective Artemisia abrotanum (A. abrotanum) used for against cancer, cough, fever, and tumors; also, it contains essential oil (EO) used in antimicrobial possesses. Trace elements (iron, Fe; magnesium, Mg; and manganese, Mn) play important roles in physiological processes and metabolisms of A. abrotanum plants. In this study, growth, yield, EO, and nutrient contents of A. abrotanum were evaluated under foliar spray of Fe, Mg, or Mn treatments. Materials and methods Plants subjected to different rates of Fe (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g/L), Mg (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L), or Mn (0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L) as individual experiments. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-1. Results Obtained results showed that Fe (3 g/L), Mg (8 g/L), or Mn (300 mg/L) resulted in the greatest values of growth characters (plant height, fresh and dry weights of aerial parts), EO content (% and mL/100 plants), major constituents of EO (2-hydroxy-1, 8-cineole, β-eudesmol, and camphor), nutrient contents, and their uptakes. Different changes were found in various chemical classes of EO (mono and sesquiterpenes). Conclusion Significant variations were detected in growth, yield, EO, and nutrient contents due to foliar applications of various trace elements such as Fe, Mg, and Mn.

Climate plays an important role in crop production, and it is the main factor limiting the success of crop production in specific area. Medicinal plants are characterized by its contents of biologi...

Essential oil of grapefruit used in various food and drug industries. Previous investigators indicted that salicylic acid and different locations had a significant role in essential oil pro...

Essential oil (EO) of navel orange had anticancer and antimicrobial activities. l -tryptophan and growing regions play important roles in physiological processes of navel orange EO. The application of l -tryptophan under different growing regions is one way of scientific research that has the potential to increase the EO production, so, the aim of this trial was to evaluate the EO isolated from young shoots and peels of navel orange trees under l -tryptophan treatments in West and Upper Egypt. The experiments were conducted at the two Citrus farms located in West and Upper Egypt. Selected trees were subjected to l -tryptophan doses at 0, 200 and 400 mg/L in both regions. The EO of young shoots and peels was isolated by hydro distillation method (HD), then, analyzed by GC and GC/MS equipments. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-2. The EO percentages and constituents of young shoots or peels were significantly affected due to l -tryptophan doses in both regions. The major component of young shoot EO was sabinene while it was limonene of peel EO. The treatment of 400 mg/L ( l -tryptophan) resulted in the greatest amounts of EO (%), sabinene and limonene in west and Upper Egypt. The application of l -tryptophan caused different variations in all chemical classes (MCH, MCHO, SCH and SCHO) of young shoots and peels EO in both regions. l -tryptophan levels produced positive variations on essential oil composition of navel orange trees grown in West and Upper Egypt.

Background and objective Plectranthus amboinicus is an indigenous vegetable that can be freshly eaten. This plant is used for medicine to cure common illnesses such as cough, stomachache, headache, and skin infection. Materials and methods This study was conducted to study the effect of both selenium (2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 g/l) and humic acid (1.5 and 3.00 g/l), in addition to control, which was sprayed with water. Results and conclusion Generally, mass production of P. amboinicus (Lour.) plants has significantly increased as a result of application of different levels of selenium and humic acid treatments, compared with the control treatment. Essential oil percentage and yield (ml/plant) increased significantly as a result of selenium and humic acid treatments compared with control (S0H0). For essential oil constituents, the results clear that carvacrol (5.96–15.45%) is the first main compound followed by γ-Terpinene (6.74–11.80 %). The third main component is Limonene (3.23–11.32%), whereas the fourth one is α-Muurolene. Moreover, these treatments had a positive effect on selenium, total carbohydrates, photosynthetic pigments, and total phenolic content. Based on scavenging the stable ATBS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] radical, all treatments increased significantly inhibition % especially S4H2 compared with untreated plants. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of P. amboinicus were studied.